Abstract
Introduction. Dentognatic anomalies and deformities in children with congenital unilateral cleft upper lip and palate (CLP) have a cause-and-effect nature, depend on the type of defect of the unfused tissues of the nasolabial complex and palate, methods of surgical interventions, etc. The planning of orthodontic treatment preceded by a complete and comprehensive diagnostic examination with determination of morphometric parameters of the jaws. The aim: to analyze the changes in the transverse morphometric parameters of the upper jaw in children with unilateral CLP during orthodontic treatment of dentognatic anomalies and deformities. Materials and methods. The subject of the analysis was the morphometric measurements of scanned models of the upper jaws of 97 patients with unilateral CLP at the stage of primary surgical interventions and orthodontic correction at the age of 5-14 years using developed methods for determining the transverse dimensions of the defect and fragments. Results and their discussion. The analysis of central tendency indicators relative changes in transverse dimensions in the younger and older age groups for all three types of used orthodontic appliances revealed a common characteristic of displacement of control points of the position of bone components of the upper jaw. The typical mobility of 3”-3 is on average 3.2 times greater compared to the mobility of Db`-Ds`. Conclusions. The morphometric measurements of the jaws of children with unilateral CLP at the stages of primary surgical interventions showed significant changes in the transversal parameters of the upper jaw. The ratio of relative changes in transverse dimensions is interpreted as an indicator of the transverse expansion of jaw fragments in the course of orthodontic treatment. Key words: cleft lip and palate, morphometric changes, transverse dimensions of defects and cleft fragments, orthodontic treatment.
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