АНАЛІЗ СПРЯЖЕННЯ Б'ЄФІВ ГІДРОТЕХНІЧНИХ СПОРУД ТРАНСПОРТНОГО БУДІВНИЦТВА З ДОРОЖНІХ ВОДОПРОПУСКНИХ ТРУБ В УМОВАХ ПЛОСКОЇ ЗАВДАЧІ

Abstract

Introduction. Hydraulic structures of transport construction from road culverts are used to pass water under roadways and other structures. Some terrain features require the construction of a road culvert with a steep slope, which increases the velocity of the water and creates a high-energy flow at the outlet of the road culvert. This high-energy water can erode a natural riverbed. The most effective method of extinguishing excessive kinetic energy of the water flow is extinguishing with the help of a hydraulic jump. Problems. From the literature analysis, it was established that road culverts are in difficult operating conditions, which causes their premature destruction. Goal. It consists in the analysis of the conjugation of reach of hydrotechnical structures of transport construction from road culverts in the conditions of a flat task. Results. The analysis of the peculiarities of the conjugation of reach for road culverts in the conditions of a flat task was carried out, the influence of a number of factors on the length of the hydraulic jump was determined, and a methodological approach to solving the problems of conjugation of reach was given. Conclusions. The most effective method of extinguishing excessive kinetic energy of the water flow is extinguishing with the help of a hydraulic jump. However, the issues related to the kinematics of the flow in the area of the formation of the hydraulic jump and the question of its stability have been practically investigated, the controlling influence on the flow in the spreading zone of the structural elements of active type extinguishers for relatively wide and relatively narrow channels has been poorly studied. The performed analysis of the current state of the problem allows us to draw a conclusion about the imperfection of the existing methods of calculating the conjugation of biefs and the need to improve the existing calculation approaches.