Значення пренатальної діагностики та диспансеризації в перинатальному супроводі плодів і новонароджених дітей із крижово-куприковими тератомами

Abstract

Aim: to determine the importance of prenatal diagnosis in the perinatal care of fetuses and newborns with sacrococcygeal teratomas Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical cards of 26 newborns with sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCT) who underwent surgery in the period from 1983 to 2023. A statistical analysis of the value of prenatal diagnosis criteria in the perinatal care of fetuses and newborns with SCT was perfomed. P values less than 0.05 were considered reliable. Results. Prenatal SCT was diagnosed in 69.2% (n=18) of fetuses. The criteria for prenatal diagnosis and its importance in the perinatal support of fetuses and newborns with SCT were determined. Tumor volume growth >100 cm3/week (p=0.0189), tumor-corporal index - TFR>0.12 (p=0.0007), tumor-cranial index - TV:HV >1 (p=0.0006) had a reliable influence on the pathological process, tactics of pregnancy and childbirth. Conclusions. Prenatal diagnosis and dispensation make it possible to detect fetal SCT in advance, to detail its features and to observe the dynamics of the pathological process during different periods of gestation. The developed method of determining the dynamics of fetal tumor growth, as well as the use of the proposed TFR and TV:HV indices, are reliable risk factors that affect the intrauterine passing of the pathological process, the frequency of dispensary monitoring, the tactics of pregnancy management, the terms of hospitalization in the clinic and the delivery of the pregnant woman. The developed classification of tumor growth rate in the fetus within 1 week has important practical significance in predicting the antenatal passing of the pathological process. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all institutions mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the women was obtained for the research. The authors declare no conflict of interest.