ПРОСВІТНИЦЬКА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ЯК НАРІЖНА ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНО-МЕТОДИЧНА ЗАСАДА ФІЛОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ СТУДЕНТІВ ЛЬВІВСЬКОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ (ХІХ – ПОЧАТОК ХХ СТ.)

Abstract

History of formation and development of Ukrainian philological education in Western Ukraine in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries is associated with the Jan Kazimierz University of Lviv. The Rus Trinity founders, M. Shashkevych, Ya. Holovatskiy, I. Vahylevych and other well-known writers and scholars, who stood at Ukrainophile positions and created first textbooks in Rusyn language, advocated the introduction of Ukrainian phonetic spelling and greatly contributed into this process. In the second half of the XIX century within the Faculty of Philosophy (Department of Philology) of Jan Kazimierz University of Lviv, significant changes are taking place in the language training of students: emphasis is placed on comparative linguistics, study of Slavic languages (Polish, Bulgarian, Old Slavonic and Czech), Romance languages (this was facilitated by the creation of appropriate departments), as well as Oriental languages (Hebrew, Aramaic, Arabic, Babylonian, Sanskrit, Old Armenian (grabar)). Students of philology received a thorough language training, which was facilitated by a proper academic environment, a powerful philological school. The development of ethnography in Galicia was studied as a separate scientific field. The Ethnographic Society, created by the famous scientist A. Kalin, was of a complex nature. The end of the XIX century was marked by the creation of a special intellectual and cultural-educational academic environment. The next decade was a period of active search for Ukrainians to implement the idea of creating a Ukrainian university in Lviv. This was caused not only by well-known politicians, public figures, teachers, but also writers, scientists (members of NTSh), students (“Academic Brotherhood”, “Vatra”, “Academic Community”, etc.) of Lviv University. Public initiatives of Ukrainian students and teachers of Lviv University were of great importance for the establishment of the idea of national university education among Ukrainians. It created a good basis for the promotion of universities, helped with finding a model for creating and developing a “separate” Ukrainian university. It was implemented in 1921 when Ukrainian secret university in Lviv was established. The philological training of Ukrainian students under the conditions of the “University in the Catacombs” (1921–1925) needs further scientific research.