Использование геоинформационных систем и технологий в мониторинге состояния объектов размещения твердых коммунальных отходов в Российской Федерации

Abstract

This article is devoted to the problem of forming a methodology for using geonformation monitoring to assess the state of MSW landfills and solving problems arising in this regard on the example of the Gorsky landfill located in the Novosibirsk region. One of the most acute problems of almost all industrialized countries is the rational management of waste. The amount of industrial waste and solid municipal (MSW) is steadily growing and this problem is of particular relevance in the Russian Federa-tion, where until recently the main method of waste disposal was their placement and accumulation in specially designated territories–landfills. (The total area of such objects in the Russian Federation is close to 1 % of the entire territory of the country). Such objects throughout the entire period of biological decay of accumulated masses remain a source of negative impact on the natural environment. The components of the so-called "landfill" gases and the combustion products of accumulated masses as a result of spontaneous combustion and ignition, contamination of groundwater with chemically and biologically harmful substances contained and formed inside the waste under the influence of natural phenomena, etc., enter the atmosphere. In order to minimize the harm caused, as well as financial and material costs, in this regard, there is a need to monitor the condition of MSW landfills using modern technologies and geoinformation systems.