ОЦІНКА ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ГАЛУЗІ ПОСТАЧАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНОЇ ТА ТЕПЛОВОЇ ЕНЕРГІЇ В УКРАЇНІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРІОРИТЕТІВ ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ

Abstract

The article highlights the current state and main trends in the development of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning in Ukraine for 2016–2020. The provision of the industry with production resources is established. There is an increase in the capital intensity of production, an increase in the value of fixed assets, tools against the background of a decrease in the number of full-time employees in the industry. The supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning in Ukraine is one of the most powerful, accounting for about 25% of industrial sales. This has a significant impact on trends in economic activity of enterprises, the cost and competitiveness of domestic products, quality of life and social protection. Over the past 5 years, the country's electricity production has been steadily declining. This was primarily due to a reduction in the production of thermal power plants. Assessment of the dynamics of electricity production in terms of the main sources of supply in Ukraine indicates a change in its structure. The dominant role in electricity production belongs to nuclear power plants, which consistently occupy about 50%. Production of electricity from alternative sources is growing in Ukraine, its share in 2020 is more than 10%. The article compares capacity and energy production on the basis of renewable sources of individual countries in Europe and Ukraine. According to the data of 2020, it has been established that Ukraine has mastered investments in the installation of solar panels, windmills, hydroelectric power plants, thermal springs, but they do not produce energy in accordance with their capabilities. Consumer price indices for the main groups of energy goods and services in Ukraine for 2016–2020 were monitored. There is a constant excess of prices for electricity and heat compared to the general consumer price index for goods and services. There is an increase in the price disparity in the main sectors of the economy, which requires state control and regulation. Prospects for further development of Ukraine's electricity and heat supply sector based on the use of alternative sources and the formation of priorities of the strategy of socio-economic development for energy security and energy saving in accordance with European priorities are proposed.