Пространственный образ как носитель геокультурной и лингвокультурной информации (на материале обучающей топонимической базы данных «Московская топонимика»)

Abstract

The article discusses spatial images preserved in the names of Moscow streets (hodonyms). The relevance of the multidimensional study of the Moscow spatial image is preconditioned by the necessity to add both linguocultural and geocultural data to the training toponymic database. Decoding spatial images through the prism of cross-cultural communication and urban anthropology contributes to a more complete disclosure of local culture specificity. The spatial image a name contains is associated with the toponymic picture of the nominator’s world that a culture-bearer can hardly decode without historical and linguistic-cultural knowledge. Using spatial features distinctiveness as a tool to analyze the group of selected toponyms, we have distinguished objectified and subjectified toponyms. It should be also noted that in the system of Moscow hodonyms, subjective spatial orientation can be implemented in various linguistic ways designated as space markers. Examples illustrating the main word-building and semantic markers of spatial localization are provided. In conclusion, all the features are summarized in the concept of a toponymic image that actually integrates linguistic, linguistic-cultural and geocultural parameters. From this perspective, for the bearer of another linguistic culture, the transition of a purely spatial image to a toponymic image can be regarded one of the criteria to getting closer to the linguistic world image of the speakers of a studied language.