Изменения возрастного и породного состава Орехово-Зуевского лесничества после пожаров и вспышки массового размножения короеда-типографа 2010–2015 гг.

Abstract

The changes in the species and age composition of the forest fund of the Orekhovo-Zuevsky forest division of the Moscow region, which occurred after the disastrous fires of 2010 and the subsequent outbreak of the engraver bark beetle, are considered in the article. The analysis of the forest inventory of the revision periods of 2002 and 2020 was carried out and the comparison of the following forest inventory indicators was made: the areas occupied by plantations of the main forest-forming species, the areas occupied by plantations of various age classes. Separately, the changes in forest inventory indicators for the severely affected Gubinsky district forestry were analyzed. The impact of catastrophic changes on the structure of forests is identified as an important task for further study. It has been established that there has been a significant increase of young trees growth in the areas of dead plantations within the boundaries of the forestry. Despite the significant volumes of the creation of coniferous forest plantings, there was a sharp increase in the areas occupied by birch trees of the first age classes. In addition, there was an increase in the proportion of birch plantations of older ages, which are on the verge of disintegration of the main canopy. The main directions of forestry management for the coming years are formulated, including high-quality forest care measures, the formation of sustainable plantations of small- leaved young trees and ensuring protection from fires of forest crops adjacent to public roads and agricultural land plots or settlements occupied by herbaceous vegetation. Special attention should be paid to the natural processes of development of forest ecosystems, including the renewal of coniferous and broad-leaved species and the succession of stands of small-leaved species by spruce. Proposals are made regarding approaches to forest management, taking into account the predominance of their environmental and recreational functions.