Последствия воздействия загрязнения придорожных территорий компонентами солевых реагентов на экологическое состояние почвы и растений в лесных биогеоценозах

Abstract

The study results indicate that the main reason for deterioration of state of roadside plantings in Belarus is due to technogenic pollution by used in winter period components of antiglaze reagents containing sodium chloride as well as a combination of other negative factors. Given the high content of sodium and chlorine ions, the existing dependence of accumulation in soil, plants, and general trends of distribution territorially, it can be ascertained that roads are a source of their entry into natural ecosystems, which today act as their accumulators. The zones of their greatest concentration in landscapes are directly dependent on the intensity of traffic. Pollution of biogeocenosis can be traced at least 300 meters from the roadway, the greatest occurs at the edges and in a strip up to 35 m away from a road. A tendency toward an increase in the content of chloride in the soil relative to earlier descriptions was noted. The consequences of pollution on roadside territories by sodium and chlorine ions on the ecological state of soil and plants of forest biogeocenosis were described. While maintaining the existing road maintenance regimen in winter period, the threat of reaching a “toxicity threshold” for plants, after which inhibition of plant growth and development begins, is a matter of time. Assortment of tree-shrub plants that are resistant to pollution by antiglaze reagents was selected according to the results of the salt tolerance analysis of wild-growing and cultivated species of trees and shrubs (221 species) of the Belarus flora used in landscaping roads and settlements.