Abstract
The assertion remains indisputable that when committing any crime, the criminal, by his actions, makes changes in the environment. The objects of the study of forensic science as a science are those changes that are directly related to the mechanism of committing a tort and characterize the real situation at the scene of a crime that developed immediately after it was committed. Such changes, defined in forensic science as «traces of a crime», are the main source of information that allows the subject of an investigation to obtain the most objective data characterizing the circumstances of the crime. The study of the aggregate of material traces of a crime formed at the scene of the incident, referred to in the forensic science as the «trace picture», contributes not only to the solution of identification and diagnostic problems, but also to the construction of typical versions regarding the mechanism of the crime. That is why an objective, timely, scientifically grounded and thorough study of the trace picture of the scene of the incident is a factor contributing to the effective organization and planning of the investigation of crimes. The article attempts to typify the trace pattern at the crime scene associated with the illegal search and (or) withdrawal of archaeological objects from the places of occurrence (Article 243.2 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation). The author, based on scientific works and research in this area, characterizes the most common traces of crimes in this category at the scene of the incident, as well as the circumstances of the crime that can be established during their study. Also, the article provides the author’s vision of the relationship between the trace picture and the algorithm of the investigator’s actions at the initial stage of the investigation.
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