Организация оказания медицинской помощи пострадавшим при чрезвычайных ситуациях в лечебных медицинских организациях Федерального медико-биологического агентства. Сообщение 1

Abstract

Summary. The aim of the study is to examine and to analyze infrastructure of medical treatment organizations of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency (FMBA of Russia) in relation to their preparedness to deal with the most likely emergency situations in the facilities and territories served by FMBA of Russia. Materials and research methods. The subject of the study is the system of medical treatment organizations of FMBA of Russia, their capabilities to provide medical care to victims in various emergencies at facilities and territories served by FMBA of Russia. The objects of the study are structure of regular beds in medical treatment organizations, staffing of their departments with medical specialists and a number of other indicators. The division of medical treatment organizations into levels was made irrespective of their location and without reference to federal districts. Linking the conditions of medical treatment organizations functioning to the specifics of the enterprise or territory served, was not carried out. Analytical, sociological (method of expert evaluation) and statistical research methods were used during the study. The materials of the study are Federal Laws, Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation, regulatory and methodological documents of FMBA of Russia, as well as scientific publications on the topic of the study. A card containing 75 questions and 187 sub-questions was developed to survey the state of infrastructure and capabilities of medical treatment organizations of FMBA of Russia to provide medical assistance and medical evacuation of patients and victims in emergencies. Results of the study and their analysis. We studied and analyzed 66 cards submitted by the surveyed medical treatment organizations, whose share in the total number of medical treatment organizations administered by the Russian Federal Medical and Biological Agency was 47%. In 16 medical treatment organizations (22.6%) there were no documents regulating their activities in preparation for work to eliminate medical and sanitary consequences of emergencies, which indicates a low level of preparedness of these organizations. The number of beds deployed in the specialized departments of medical treatment organizations of all levels corresponded to the staff list. Additional beds for providing medical care to patients and victims of emergencies can be deployed according to the profiles for which medical treatment organization is specialized for. In some medical treatment organizations it is planned to increase the bed fund by 2-4 times in case of mass admission of patients and victims in emergencies. Medical specialists in almost all organizations are not fully staffed — in day-to-day activities their deficit is compensated by the increased load on working specialists. If it is necessary to provide medical care in conditions of mass influx of patients and victims of emergencies, this situation will lead to an increase in time for triage and for therapeutic and diagnostic activities, as well as to a significant reduction in volume of medical care provided.