Последняя газета, прочитанная Ф.М. Достоевским (На материале фондов Государственного музея истории российской литературы имени В.И. Даля)

Abstract

Throughout Dostoevsky's life, reading newspapers was one of the most important sources of his inspiration. Reading newspapers, Dostoevsky drew on real factual material that reflected both the characteristic phenomens of the postreform Russian reality and the most incredible “adventures” of lost human souls and hearts. Daily acquaintance with the latest news from Russian and world life was an essential necessity for Dostoevsky. Even while abroad, he regularly visited libraries to read the most recent Russian newspapers. Journalism was inherent in his type of thinking and personality. He began his literary career as a newspaper feuilletonist; in 1873–1874, he edited the Grazhdanin (The Citizen) weekly; in1876–1877, his monojournal A Writer's Diary was focused on Russian and European periodicals. In 1881, having completed his novel The Brothers Karamazov, Dostoevsky decided to resume the publication of A Writer's Diary. He prepared only one issue which came out on the day of his funeral. The manuscript collection of the Vladimir Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature contains Anna Dostoevskaya’s collection that includes a memorial copy of the last newspaper read by Dostoevsky on the eve of his fatal illness, the Novoe Vremya (The New Time) newspaper, No. 1764 dated January 25 (February 6) 1881. This item is a valuable biographical material and allows one to put additional touches on the picture of Dostoevsky's intellectual life of his last days. The article provides an overview of the newspaper’s contents contextualized within Dostoevsky's spiritual, political, and aesthetic interests and particularly within the articles included in the first issue of The Diary of a Writer for 1881 and the preparatory materials for it.