ИЗУЧЕНИЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В КОЛЛЕДЖАХ И ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ШКОЛАХ, РЕАЛИЗУЮЩИХ АДАПТИРОВАННЫЕ ПРОГРАММЫ ДЛЯ ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ С НАРУШЕНИЕМ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА: СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ

Abstract

Introduction. For successful socialization of adolescents with intellectual disabilities, it is extremely important to take into account their professional preferences. Teachers work on each student’s development and acquisition of skills necessary for the chosen profession. At the same time, it is crucial to take into account the capabilities and specifics of professional preferences of each student with intellectual disabilities when choosing a profession. Vocational training begins in labor lessons at school and requires a long propaedeutic period. This study aims to examine high school and college job profiles to identify the most in-demand training areas for persons with intellectual disabilities. Materials and methods. 210 graduates of grades 9 and 11 with intellectual disabilities took part in the experiment in the period from 2019 to 2023. We used such methods as analysis of scientific literature, descriptive method, qualitative and quantitative data analysis, comparative method. Results. As a result of the data analysis, the most popular areas of specialized work at the stage of school education have been identified including sewing, cardboard bookbinding, carpentry, and floriculture (gardening). At the college preparation stage, the most popular profiles are “cook”, “green farm worker”, and “computer operator”. Conclusion. Some job training profiles that are popular at the school stage are not so in demand in college such as “seamstress “, “carpenter” and “bookbinder”. The lack of training and continuity between school and college in matters of professional self-determination and vocational training of persons with intellectual disabilities has been revealed. Therefore, it is important to develop organizational and methodological foundations for the professional self-determination of students, taking into account their individual characteristics, it is necessary to ensure compliance between preferences and the real needs of the labor market.