ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ПОЖАРНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В МЕСТАХ ПРОЖИВАНИЯ МНОГОДЕТНЫХ СЕМЕЙ, СЕМЕЙ, НАХОДЯЩИХСЯ В ТРУДНОЙ ЖИЗНЕННОЙ СИТУАЦИИ, В СОЦИАЛЬНО ОПАСНОМ ПОЛОЖЕНИИ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ*

Abstract

The problem of ensuring fire safety of large families, families in a difficult life situation, in a socially dangerous situation, living in residential premises (rooms, apartments, residential buildings) belonging to them by right of ownership or being in their use is considered. The legal acts regulating fire safety issues, including the Rules of the Fire regime in the Russian Federation, approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation № 1479 of September 16, 2020, which were supplemented by a new paragraph 851, effective from March 1, 2023, have been analyzed.
 As a result of the analysis, the problems of compliance with the new norm of these Rules, as well as the implementation of state fire supervision by employees of EMERCOM of Russia, were identified: visits to residential premises by employees of the state fire supervision, the lack of financial resources for the purchase of autonomous smoke detectors in 2023, the difficulty of distinguishing responsibility for their absence or improper installation in the event of a fire that caused serious harm to health or death of citizens, the absence of a transition period, allowing the specified requirement to be implemented within a reasonable time, violation of the constitutional principle of equality of all before the law, lack of a legislative basis for monitoring the implementation of this requirement.
 In order to solve the task set by the state to reduce the number of fires, save the population, correct and unambiguous understanding by individuals and public authorities of their duties, the authors formulated proposals to exclude paragraph 851 from the Rules of the fire regime in the Russian Federation, to be fixed in the Federal law «On Fire Safety» and the Federal law «On general principles of the organization of local self-government in the Russian Federation» duties of local self-government bodies to assist large families, families, those who are in a difficult life situation, in a socially dangerous situation in the installation and regular inspection of the serviceable condition of autonomous smoke fire detectors, in the houses where they live.