Состояние крупных артерий и сосудов микроциркуляторного русла кожи у больных артериальной гипертонией высокого и очень высокого риска и влияние на них антигипертензивной терапии

Abstract

Aim: to assess the state of the large blood vessels and skin microcirculatory vessels and the effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB) on them in hypertensive patients with high and very high cardiovascular risk (CVR). Subjects and methods. We examined 59 hypertensive patients aged 35-60 years, of which 29 high CVR subjects and 30 very high CVR (without antihypertensive therapy within 2 weeks prior to the study). In all subjects the evaluation of target organ damage, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) with initial perfusion parameters registration and amplitude-frequency spectrum of LDF-grams analysis, registration of central blood pressure, local stiffness parameters and photoplethysmography (PTMG) were performed. The second study was carried out after 2 weeks of antihypertensive treatment with ARB. Results. A significant increase in endothelial rhythm amplitude and coefficient of variation in very high risk hypertensive patients in comparison with a group of high-risk patients was found. In the group of very high-risk hypertensive patients central arterial pressure, augmentation index and local stiffness values were higher (n/a), the rate of carotid arteries extensibility was significantly reduced. There was a significant large vessels impairment in very high risk group according PTMG data. Target blood pressure level achieved in up to 80% of patients after 2 weeks treatment. During the re-examination a statistically significant improvement in the large arteries was found, LDF parameters also improved, but significant values was not reached. Conclusion. The findings suggest that with increasing degree of CVR in patients with hypertension there is a progressive deterioration of both large vessels and microcirculation state. After short-term antihypertensive therapy the function of large vessels improve in very high risk hypertensive patients, but the state of the microvasculature not changes significantly.