ZnO2 Research Articles

NIR-Actuated Ferroptosis Nanomotor for Enhanced Tumor Penetration and Therapy.

Ferroptosis nano-inducers have drawn considerable attention in the treatment of malignant tumors. However, low intratumoral hydrogen peroxide level and complex biological barriers hinder the ability of nanomedicines to generate sufficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) and achieve tumor penetration. Here a near-infrared (NIR)-driven ROS self-supplying nanomotor is successfully designed for synergistic tumor chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). Janus nanomotor is created by the asymmetrical modification of polydopamine (PDA) with zinc peroxide (ZnO2) and subsequent ferrous ion (Fe2+) chelation via the polyphenol groups from the PDA, here refer as ZnO2@PDA-Fe (Z@P-F). ZnO2 is capable of slowly releasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into an acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) providing sufficient ingredients for the Fenton reaction necessary for ferroptosis. Upon NIR laser irradiation, the loaded Fe2+ is released and a thermal gradient is simultaneously formed owing to the asymmetric PDA coating, thus endowing the nanomotor with self-thermophoresis based enhanced diffusion for subsequent lysosomal escape and tumor penetration. Therefore, the release of ferrous ions (Fe2+), self-supplied H2O2, and self-thermophoresis of nanomotors with NIR actuation further improve the synergistic CDT/PTT efficacy, showing great potential for active tumor therapy.

Conversion Electrodes for Rechargeable Li-Sulfur, Na-Ion and Zn-Air Batteries

Rechargeable batteries are reliable and highly efficient energy storage devices providing high energy density at high voltages with the lead of the Li-ion technology since the early 1990s. Despite these promising advantages, the strongly limited abundance of Li and also that of other elements contained in a Li-ion battery (LIB) leads to the search for low-cost and more abundant alternatives. Especially for stationary storage devices alternative battery technologies are required. Alternative chemistries, such as those based on lithium conversion or alloying, can actually lead to higher energy density compared to the lithium (de)intercalation one.Among them, the lithium-sulfur (Li/S) conversion process appeared as one of the most promising candidates to achieve a lithium battery with enhanced performances compared to the state-of-art. In fact, sulfur electrode can deliver in lithium cell a theoretical capacity and energy density as high as 1675 mAh gS −1 and 2600 Wh kg−1 Unfortunately, soluble polysulfides can migrate and directly react with the lithium anode or shuttle between anode and cathode throughout a continuous process without any charge accumulation. This leads to efficiency decrease, active material loss or even to short circuits and cell failure, whilst insoluble polysulfides can precipitate into the cell and cause resistance increase and capacity fading. The characteristic electrochemical process involving at the cathode side the electro-deposition/dissolution of soluble species focused the attention on the nature of the current collector. Hence, flat and thin metal supports (e.g., bare Al current collector) may lead to poor performances due to high overall impedance of the cell and modest ability in allowing the complex multi-step reaction pathway, whilst thicker porous supports (e.g., gas diffusion layer, GDL) can enhance the cell response, reduce the impedance and actually boost the kinetics of the Li/S process, but suffer from its higher thickness, lowering down the volumetric energy density of the overall cell.In this view, graphene-based materials can actually allow the thinnest configuration of a carbon-coated metal support and hold, at the same time, a suitable Li/S process due to their characteristic morphology, mechanical stability and enhanced electronic conductivity. In regard to this, research activities are going to be presented about an exploited binder-free few layer graphene (FLG) thin carbon-coated Aluminum support for application in a Li/S cell with excellent characteristics in terms of stability, efficiency and delivered capacity.Conversion electrodes play also an important role for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) being a promising alternative, since Na cells show similar properties to the Li analogues in many cases, while they are based on more environmentally friendly and/or more abundant materials. The use of SIBs often results slightly lower energy densities and cell voltages than those of LIBs, but they still provide significantly better values than lead-acid batteries, which are currently dominating the market in terms of annually manufactured capacity. Tin (Sn) and its compounds are well investigated alloy electrodes for SIBs as tin provides a very high theoretical specific capacity of 847 mAh g−1. Sn is an example that shows even better capacity retention when used in SIBs compared to its use in LIBs. Moreover, transition metal compounds containing phosphorus (P) and/or sulfur (S) are promising conversion electrodes as well, since these elements enable high specific volumetric and/or gravimetric capacities in LIBs and SIBs.In addition to LIBs and SIBs, zinc batteries are also attracting research interest due to their environmental friendliness and their applicability with aqueous electrolytes. However, especially zinc-air batteries are well established for use as primary cells, but when considered for use as secondary cells, they suffer from their low rechargeability. Despite great research efforts to solve these problems, no established system has yet been able to achieve reasonable rechargeability in the context of using the commonly considered alkaline electrolytes. However, Sun et al. (2021) found a promising approach using Zn(OTf)2 salt in a small amount of water as an electrolyte. This approach enables the formation of zinc peroxide (ZnO2) instead of formation the irreversible zinc oxide (ZnO) in alkaline electrolytes, which deposits on the gas diffusion layer electrode, blocking the oxygen evolution reaction. ZnO2, on the other hand, has been shown to be highly reversibly malleable. In our current project WaZABi, we are trying another approach using a freeze-cast zinc anode, which enables high porosity, and the application of a hybrid electrolyte under participance of a polymer for rechargeable high performance zinc air batteries.

Zinc-Based ROS Amplifiers Trigger Cancer Chemodynamic/Ion Interference Therapy Through Self-Cascade Catalysis.

Nanozyme-mediated chemodynamic therapy has emerged as a promising strategy due to its tumor specificity and controlled catalytic activity. However, the poor efficacy caused by low hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in the tumor microenvironment (TME) poses challenges. Herein, an H2O2 self-supplying nanozyme is constructed through loading peroxide-like active platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) on zinc peroxide (ZnO2) (denoted as ZnO2@Pt). ZnO2 releases H2O2 in response to the acidic TME. Pt NPs catalyze the hydroxyl radical generation from H2O2 while reducing the mitigation of oxidative stress by glutathione, serving as a reactive oxygen (ROS) amplifier through self-cascade catalysis. In addition, Zn2+ released from ZnO2 interferes with tumor cell energy supply and metabolism, enabling ion interference therapy to synergize with chemodynamic therapy. In vitro studies demonstrate that ZnO2@Pt induces cellular oxidative stress injury through enhanced ROS generation and Zn2+ release, downregulating ATP and NAD+ levels. In vivo assessment of anticancer effects showed that ZnO2@Pt could generate ROS at tumor sites to induce apoptosis and downregulate energy supply pathways associated with glycolysis, resulting in an 89.7% reduction in tumor cell growth. This study presents a TME-responsive nanozyme capable of H2O2 self-supply and ion interference therapy, providing a paradigm for tumor-specific nanozyme design.

Exploring highly electro-active zinc peroxide nanorod for selective detection of hydrazine

Hydrazine (N2H4), widely used as a raw material for producing synthetic catalysts, agricultural chemicals, and pharmaceutical products, has had an irreversible impact on air, water, and soil in the environment because of its high toxicity. To prevent making it lethal contamination should be monitored and detected. Here in this work, for the first time, Zinc peroxide (ZnO2) nanorods (NRs) were synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method to modify the gold electrode (AuE) for the fabrication of the ZnO2@AuE sensor. The fabricated sensor was successfully applied for the selective and efficient detection of hydrazine based on the chronoamperometry technique. According to theoretical calculations, the metal peroxide nanorods result in high oxygen vacancies, surface defects, and Zn ratios. This triggers substantial electron transfer, effectively enhancing the conductivity, electrocatalytic, and stability properties of the AuE with economic benefits. The effect of surface modification on the bare electrode was analyzed using the EIS technique. The ZnO2/Au electrode's electrochemical behavior towards hydrazine was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) at a scan rate of 70 mVs−1. Further, chronoamperometry was applied to investigate the effect of time, pH, nanorod concentration, and scan rate on the analytical performance parameters of the electrode ZnO2@AuE. The developed sensor (ZnO2/AuE) demonstrated an excellent detection limit (LOD) of 4.09 nM and good sensitivity of 2.4 × 10−2 µAµM−1cm−2 towards the oxidation of hydrazine having a fast response time (within 5 s). The developed sensors promise reproducible results along with good stability, which makes them effective for the electrochemical sensing of hydrazine. Such outstanding sensing performance is attributed to the tailored direct electrochemical redox surface of ZnO2, which led to selective sensing of hydrazine in tap, distilled, and sewage water. Keeping these features into consideration, our developed sensor can be adopted for real applications, especially for environmental surveillance.

TiO2-NPs/ZnO-NPs@Co3O4 nanocomposite from natural extracts for the Rhodamine 6 G photodegradation

Socio-environmental issues are frequent in industrial growth, especially wastewater containing dyes resulting in toxic effects on fauna and flora. Parallelly, synthesizing nanomaterials using extracts allows for improved properties with fewer environmental effects. In this way, the present study aims to synthesize using natural extracts and characterize a ceramic nanocomposite containing titanium and zinc dioxide doped with tricobalt tetroxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs/ZnONPs@Co3O4NPs) for the removal of Rhodamine 6 G under visible radiation. TiO2-NPs/ZnO-NPs@Co3O4-NPs ceramic nanocomposite showed a heterogeneous morphology with a negative charge surface of -16.73 mV, V-type isotherm and H1 hysteresis, surface area (SBET) of 62.2 m² g−1, pore diameter (Dp) of 10.41 nm and bang gap energy (Eg) of 2.98 eV. The ideal condition of photocatalytic heterogeneous was of [Rh 6 G] = 3.18 mg L−1, [NPs] = 1 g L−1 and pH = 7 with 99.97 % for the Rh 6 G photodegradation and the apparent rate of the pseudo first-order reaction (k) of 0.0193 min−1. After IV cycles of TiO2-NPs/ZnO-NPs@Co3O4-NPs, there was a small reduction in Rh 6 G dye removal (99.97 to 85.71 %), confirming the photocatalytic stability of the nanocatalyst. Ecotoxicity tests were carried out with Lactuca sativa seeds and demonstrated root radicular inhibition of 6.41 % to 20.73% ranging from 12.5 - 100 mg L−1. Machine Learning (ML) study was used to predict the Rh 6 G photodegradation mechanism, where the dye molecules successively cleavage such aromatic structure and carbonic acid to produce smaller fragments that are further form CO2 and H2O. Therefore, ceramic nanocomposite presents potential application as a nanocatalyst for the wastewater treatment.

Improved photocatalytic disinfection performance of graphitic carbon nitride through hybridization with humic acid /zinc peroxide: A synergistic generation of antimicrobial reactive oxygen species

Photocatalytic disinfection of bacteria using photosensitive nanomaterials is an efficient method for bacteria inactivation and is considered a beneficial alternative to chemical disinfectants that produce harmful by-products. However, due to the limited application scope of photocatalysts, the antibacterial efficiency remains unsatisfactory. To enhance the photocatalytic efficiency of the non-metal photosensitizer, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets, they were composited with a metal-based photosensitizer, zinc peroxide (ZnO2) nanoparticles, with the aim of humic acid (HA). Besides the self-generating ability of H2O2 by ZnO2 in an aqueous medium, its deposition over g-C3N4 nanosheets enhances visible light harvesting and increases both surface area and active sites, thereby enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. The resulting composite, g-C3N4/ZnO2, produced more H2O2, •OH, and O2•- radicals than either component when exposed to visible light. Moreover, the photocatalyst demonstrated enhanced photocatalytic disinfection efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) under dark conditions compared to pure g-C3N4 nanosheets. However, a notably greater antibacterial activity was observed when the nanocomposites were subjected to light irradiation. FESEM images and live-dead assays revealed the physical contact of the nanocomposite with the surface of bacterial cells and the loss of cell membrane integrity. Furthermore, it was observed that there was greater cellular uptake of nanocomposites into cells and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light irradiation compared to similar conditions in the dark, leading to an increased photoinactivation rate of bacteria. The enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of g-C3N4/ZnO2 nanocomposites make them attractive for a range of applications, including use in nanomedicine and environmental surface disinfection.

Comparison of antimicrobial properties of inorganic peroxide polymer composites

AbstractWound healing and prevention of bacterial infections are critical aspects of modern medical care. In this work, antibacterial films were produced by creating composites of polycaprolactone with inorganic peroxides. Calcium, magnesium, and zinc peroxide were incorporated in a biocompatible polymeric film. Iron oxide, sodium bicarbonate, and calcium phosphate were added to reduce hydrogen peroxide and to maintain pH in a less alkaline range, allowing for optimization of the material's antibacterial efficacy while minimizing cytotoxicity toward human fibroblasts. Experiments with common wound pathogens, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aerugonisa, confirmed significant and prolonged antibacterial effects of peroxide‐doped films. Findings showed that the addition of CaO2 and MgO2 within the film increased cytotoxicity toward human fibroblasts after 48 h (30%–40% decrease compared to control), whereas ZnO2‐based films exhibited a minimal cytotoxicity consistently maintaining over 70% cell viability throughout the course of the experiment. We examined the materials’ sustained release of reactive oxygen species and oxygen, and pH variation correlated with antibacterial activity. Given the unique combination of antibacterial efficacy and mammalian biocompatibility, these peroxides have value as components to sustain hydrogen peroxide release when appropriately compounded to reduce pH variation and avoid excessive hydrogen peroxide levels.

Surface modification using nanostructures and nanocoating to combat the spread of bacteria and viruses: Recent development and challenges

Apart from transmission through the respiratory droplet, the surface contact route is another major mode of viral transmission. The recent pandemic is neither the first nor the last; hence, it is a big challenge for a surface engineer to combat the transmission of microbes and viruses through the contact route. In this topical review, we have comprehensively summarized the possible techniques of surface modification for making surfaces antiviral and the respective antiviral mechanisms. Will the anti-biofouling, superhydrophobic, structured surfaces be enough to roll down viruses with water droplets? If so, there could be critical dimensions of nanostructures that need to be fabricated using a precise micro-nano manufacturing method, and the same has been discussed in this review. The surface structuring using functional nanomaterials (copper and copper alloy, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, titanium dioxide, zinc dioxide, etc.) against different types of viruses and viruses belonging to the coronavirus family has been compared in detail with their merits and demerits. Finally, we foresee that among these surface modification techniques, the nanospike structures combined with an antiviral coating could be the most effective way to combat the transmission of viruses (e.g., COVID-19) through the contact route.

Désorite, Pb2(Fe3+6Zn)O2(PO4)4(OH)8, a New Phosphate Mineral Isotypic with Jamesite

The new mineral désorite, Pb2(Fe3+6Zn)O2(PO4)4(OH)8, is a secondary oxidation-zone mineral discovered on the dumps of the Schöne Aussicht mine, Dernbach, Westerwaldkreis, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The crystals are irregular blades up to about 0.25 mm long, occurring in subparallel and radial aggregates. Désorite is brownish red. It has an orange streak, adamantine luster, brittle tenacity, splintery and curved fracture and two cleavages: {021¯} perfect and {001} good. It has a hardness (Mohs) of about 3 and is nonfluorescent in both long- and short-wave ultraviolet illumination. The calculated density is 4.633 g/cm3. Optically, crystals are biaxial (+) with α = 2.00(1), β = 2.02(calc) and γ = 2.10(calc) (white light). The 2V is 54(2)° and the optical orientation is Y ~⊥{021¯}, X ∧ a ≈ 13°. The mineral is pleochroic: X yellow brown, Y red brown, Z red brown; X < Y ≈ Z. The empirical formula from electron microprobe analysis is Pb1.93(Zn0.50Fe3+6.29☐0.21)Σ7.00(P3.90As0.10)Σ4.00O26H8.28. Désorite is triclinic, space group P1¯; the unit-cell parameters are a = 5.4389(7), b = 9.3242(13), c = 10.0927(12) Å, α = 109.024(8), β = 90.521(6), γ = 97.588(7)°, V = 478.90(11) Å3 and Z = 1. Désorite has a framework structure (R1 = 0.0487 for 937 I > 2σI reflections) assembled from Fe3+O6 octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra, with Pb occupying cavities in the framework. The Fe3+O6 octahedra in the framework occur in edge-sharing chains, edge-sharing trimers and individual octahedra, all sharing corners with each other and with PO4 tetrahedra. Désorite is isostructural with jamesite and lulzacite.

H2O2/acid self-supplying double-layer electrospun nanofibers based on ZnO2 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles for efficient catalytic therapy of wound infection.

Catalytic therapy based on nanozymes is promising for the treatment of bacterial infections. However, its therapeutic efficacy is usually restricted by the limited amount of hydrogen peroxide and the weak acidic environment in infected tissues. To solve these issues, we prepared polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-polyacrylic acid (PAA)-iron oxide (Fe3O4)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-zinc peroxide (ZnO2) double-layer electrospun nanofibers (PPF/PZ NFs). In this design, PVA serves as the carrier for ZnO2 nanoparticles (NPs), Fe3O4 NPs, and PAA. The double-layer structure of nanofibers can spatially separate the PAA and ZnO2 to avoid their reaction with each other during preparation and storage, while in the wet wound bed, PVA can dissolve and PAA can provide H+ ions to promote the generation of hydrogen peroxide and subsequent conversion to hydroxyl radicals for bacteria killing. In vitro experimental results demonstrated that PPF/PZ NFs can reduce the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by 3.1 log (99.92%). Moreover, PPF/PZ NFs can efficiently treat the bacterial infection in a mouse wound model and promote wound healing with negligible toxicity to animals, indicating their potential use as "plug-and-play" antibacterial wound dressings. This work provides a novel strategy for the construction of double-layer electrospun nanofibers as catalytic wound dressings with hydrogen peroxide/acid self-supplying properties for the efficient treatment of bacterial infections.

Zinc peroxide as a convenient and recyclable source of anhydrous hydrogen peroxide and its application in the peroxidation of carbonyls

This study reports a convenient, safe and recyclable source of anhydrous H2O2 for organic peroxide synthesis. It is based on the generation of H2O2 through the reaction of ZnO2 with H2SO4 and the recycling of ZnO2 from ZnSO4 and 1 wt% H2O2.

Polydopamine-encapsulated zinc peroxide nanoparticles to target the metabolism-redox circuit against tumor adaptability for mild photothermal therapy.

Regulating the metabolism-redox circuit of cancer cells has emerged as an attractive strategy to improve the therapeutic outcome, while often confronting the glaring issue of resistance due to the multiple adaptive responses of tumor cells. This study presents a simple yet efficient approach to regulate this circuit simultaneously against tumor adaptability by utilizing polydopamine-encapsulated zinc peroxide nanoparticles (ZnO2@PDA NPs). The nanoparticles could deliver large amounts of Zn2+ and H2O2 into tumor cells to unfold an intracellular self-amplifying loop for breaking the balance in zinc and redox homeostasis by H2O2-mediated endogenous Zn2+ release from metallothioneins due to its oxidation by H2O2 and Zn2+-induced in situ H2O2 production by disturbing mitochondrial respiration, ultimately disrupting tumor adaptability to exogenous stimuli. The elevated levels of Zn2+ and H2O2 also inhibited adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation from glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration to disrupt energy adaptability. Furthermore, insufficient ATP supply could reduce glutathione and heat shock protein expression, thereby sensitizing oxidative stress and enabling PDA-mediated mild photothermal therapy (PTT). Consequently, this trinity nanoplatform, which integrated dual-starvation therapy, amplified oxidative stress, and mild PTT, demonstrated outstanding therapeutic effects and a facile strategy.

Synthesis of Uniform Zinc Peroxide Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Application

Synthesis of Uniform Zinc Peroxide Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Application

Nanotechnology-based Approaches for Efficient Wound Monitoring and Healing

Wound healing is a complex physiological process consisting of several biological and immunological mechanisms which are mutually inclusive. Wounds are commonly categorized as acute and chronic wounds. Acute wound healing is dynamic and chronic wound healing proceeds in a prolonged and irregular manner; thus, it calls for proper management. Certain problems associated to wound healing have triggered the researchers to come up with a promising approach and so nanotechnology-based approaches have evolved as a driving force in wound healing. Nanotechnology has led to the fabrication of nanoparticles, biomolecule loaded dressings and smart dressings to accelerate the wound healing. Nanobiosensors are also being developed which can monitor wound conditions with great precision and incredible sensitivity. This review concentrates on novel nanoscale approaches for instance, nanoparticles such as gold, silver, polystyrene, chitosan, zinc peroxide and nanomaterials such as nano-sensors, nanoflares, nanofibers, etc. for effective wound monitoring and healing. The efficacy of nanomaterial based therapeutic agents in wound healing has been expressed herein. The significance of nanoscale systems in wound healing in terms of anti-microbial activity, angiogenesis, drug delivery, collagen deposition and stem cell delivery has also been addressed.

ZnO2‐Based Carbon Composite Doped with Sulphur for the Removal of Highly Toxic Thiamethoxam from Wastewater

AbstractThe ongoing exponential increase in population intensifies the overexploitation of food, water, energy, and other resources. Overcoming the problem has emerged as a tedious task, and the most probable solution seems to be upgradation in agricultural practices. To achieve a superior quality harvest with maximum yield, synthetic herbicides, insecticides, weedicides, and pesticides have been extensively developed and employed. These pesticides generally wash down to the water bodies, polluting the water and causing serious health issues for human, animal, and aquatic lives. The suggested study uses a zinc peroxide (ZnO2) based carbon composite doped with sulphur adsorbent to remove the very hazardous pesticide thiamethoxam (TMX) from the contaminated water in a cost‐effective and efficient manner. In an acidic environment, a remarkable removal efficiency of 99.5 % is achieved at pH levels 1–3. Additionally, at pH level 11, an impressive removal rate of 96.4 % is obtained. Furthermore, this composite material exhibits a high adsorption capacity of 142.86 mg/g. The batch studies experiments revealed that the adsorption of TMX. complied with the Langmuir isotherm model and demonstrated Pseudo‐second order kinetics. The adsorbent eco‐friendly and effective, can be prepared easily, is ecologically friendly, and does not cause any sort of secondary pollution. The present work has high potential to take the science of water purification to the next step further.

Clean and Green Synthesis of Organic Isothiocyanates Using Zinc Peroxide as Desulfurizing Agent and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Clean and Green Synthesis of Organic Isothiocyanates Using Zinc Peroxide as Desulfurizing Agent and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Manganese-Enriched Zinc Peroxide Functional Nanoparticles for Potentiating Cancer Immunotherapy.

Immunotherapies have shown high clinical success, however, the therapeutical efficacy is largely restrained by insufficient immune activation and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Herein, we report tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive manganese-enriched zinc peroxide nanoparticles (MONPs) for synergistic cancer immunotherapy by inducing the immunogenic death (ICD) of cancer cells and activating the stimulator of the interferon gene (STING) pathway. MONPs especially disassociate upon exposure to acidic tumor tissue and in situ generate •OH for the ICD effect. Moreover, Mn2+ activated the STING and synergistically induced the secretion of type I interferon and inflammatory cytokines for specific T cell responses. Meanwhile, MONPs relieved the immunosuppression of TME through decreasing Tregs and polarizing M2 macrophages to the M1 type to unleash a cascade adaptive immune response. In combination with the anti-PD-1 antibody, MONPs showed superior efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth and preventing lung metastasis. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of functional nanoparticles to amplify STING innate stimulation, showing a prominent strategy for cancer immunotherapy.

Synthesis and characterizations of zinc peroxide by pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) and zinc oxide nanoparticles by simple and low-temperature heating treatment

Zinc peroxide (ZnO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have interesting properties. Thus, they have the potential to be applied as optoelectronic devices. Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) method is one of the top-down synthesis methods which have several advantages, such as its low cost, no need for a vacuum environment, and relatively fast synthesizing nanoparticle materials. Nd-YAG laser with a second harmonic generator was used as the laser beam source for the experiment. The mixture of zinc powder, deionized water, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidizing agent was treated by the PLAL method. Heating treatment was applied to the samples. X-ray diffraction, UV-vis spectrophotometry, and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) were applied as the sample characterization methods. X-Ray diffraction characterizations confirmed ZnO2 nanocrystal and ZnO nanocrystal, which were synthesized from ZnO2 through an annealing process. From UV-vis spectrophotometry, the values of 4.57 eV and 3.33 eV were obtained as the bandgap energy for ZnO2 and ZnO, respectively. FTIR spectra shows absorption peaks for ZnO2 and ZnO.

Electrochemical Sensing of Zinc Oxide and Peroxide Nanoparticles: Modification with Meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) Porphyrin

An electrochemical method was developed to investigate the redox properties of zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc peroxide (ZnO2), and sodium-doped zinc peroxide (Na-ZnO2) nanoparticles. The intention was to distinguish the identity of these nanoparticles among themselves, and from other transition metal oxide nanoparticles (TMONPs). Analysis of 3 mM sodium metabisulfite by cyclic voltammetry (CV) produced anodic/cathodic peak currents that are linearly related to the mass of deposited nanoparticles. A graphite working electrode was essential to the oxidation of metabisulfite. ZnO nanoparticles were crucial to the enhancement of metabisulfite oxidation current, and PPy coating could suppress the current enhancement by covering all nanoparticle surfaces. Furthermore, meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin was demonstrated to be a good chemical reagent that facilitates the differentiation of ZnO from ZnO2 and nanoparticles by CV analysis.

Research on Performance Test of New Carbon Fiber Nano Antifouling Materials in Offshore Oil Field

Firstly, zinc dioxide and titanium dioxide were prepared from zinc acetate and butyl titanate. A nanometer ZnO/TiO2 film with different morphologies was prepared by doping the two materials. A new type of aluminum alloy base material which can be used in offshore oil exploitation was prepared by using a variety of proportioning methods. The results show that the modification agent can improve the corrosion resistance of the material. The results show that nano-ZnO composite titanium oxide coating has better antifouling and antifouling performance.