Zinc Ion In Water Research Articles

Effect of Zinc Ion in Water on Properties of Ordinary Portland cement Concrete

The study is aimed at investigating the effect of presence of Zinc in water on setting times and compressive strength of cement concrete. In the present study, the effect of Zinc (Zn) on setting time and compressive strength of cement is assessed under laboratory conditions. The research program included tests of setting times and Mechanical strengths up to 28 days. In this research, the cement concrete cubes were cast with deionized water and deionized water containing the Zinc ions at various concentrations. The concentrations of Zinc (Zn) tested for different samples are 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and 5000 mg/L. The experimental results show that the presence of Zinc in deionized water accelerates both initial and final setting times up to 2000 mg/L. Zinc in deionized water up to 2000 mg/L there is a nominal change in compressive strength at early age (3-day). Beyond 2000 mg/L there is a significant change in the compressive strength at early ages as well as 28-day. Comparisons of the Zinc with those of control mix levels reveal that the presence of Zinc increases the compressive strength. The rate of increase in compressive strength is with increase in concentration of Zinc.

Exploring a sustainable binder for capacitive deionization technology to achieve high salt and zinc ion removal efficiency

As a newly developed water purification technology, capacitive deionization (CDI) is a promising technology for water desalination. The influence of binders on the performance of CDI electrodes, especially on the performance of heavy metal ion removal, has been rarely discussed so far. On the other hand, searching sustainable materials to replace those made from non-renewable resources is attracting more and more attention. Herein, the influence of the sustainable binders on CDI performance is studied. For the NaCl adsorption, the chlorinated rubber (CLR) electrode shows a higher capacity and rate capability than the other binders. Particularly, we explored the CDI process for zinc ion in water and claimed that the formation of hydroxide of zinc ion should be considered. Surprisingly, CLR can inhibit Zn4SO4(OH)6•5H2O generation and structural disruption of electrode. CLR electrode has the highest desalination performance, 79.8 mg g−1 of ZnSO4 and the longest cycle lifetime remaining 95.4 % of adsorption capacity after 10,000 cycles. Moreover, CLR can be made from sustainable natural rubber and its price is only 14.3 % of PVDF. Obviously, CLR is promising for heavy metal salt removal and large-scale water purification devices. CLR also shows superior performance than PVDF in aqueous zinc capacitor.

A smartphone-based photometric and fluorescence sensing for accurate estimation of zinc ion in water

This paper demonstrates the development of a smartphone-based analytical system to determine zinc ion (Zn2+) concentration in water. The proposed system has been designed for simultaneous sensing in photometric and fluorescence mode on a single platform. Two inbuilt sensors of the phone, namely, the ambient light sensor (ALS) and the rear camera, have been utilized to develop the proposed sensing system. For photometric-based sensing, the ALS receives the transmitted modulated signal from the sample, while the rear camera records the fluorescence signal emitted from the sample at right angle to the direction of the excitation signal. The holder for the proposed sensing system has been fabricated in a 3D printer. A custom-designed android application has been developed to convert the proposed platform into a standalone tool. Using the designed sensor, Zn2+ ion concentration of field-collected water samples has been estimated successfully. Responses of the designed platform have been compared with the standard laboratory counterparts. The limit of detection and the percentage recovery of the proposed sensor are found to be 0.1 ppm and 103.10% respectively.

Green synthesis of novel ZnCrO4 nanosheets for photocatalytic degradation: A new catalyst

Yellow crystaline nanosheets of ZnCrO4 were synthesized by thermal assisted dissociation method at reflux temparature and at short period of time (30 Min.). XRD analysis, UV–VIS diffused reflection spectroscopy, FTIR instrumental anlalysis, fluroscence spectroscopy and SEM with EDAX techniques were utlitised for morphological characteristics of prepared composite material. The average size of ZnCrO4 nanosheets was found to be 80–100 nm, The ZnCrO4 nanosheets degraded nearly 90% methylene blue (MB) in aqueous medium of 70 min of visible light irradiation. ZnCrO4 nanosheets photocatalyzed degradation of MB in water matrices were found to be 30 times faster compare to Ag2ZrO4 while 43 times faster compared to well known P-25 titania photocatalyst. The ability of ZnCrO4 nanosheets towards the generation of radicals was studied by the scavenger study and confirmed that the hole and hydroxyl radicals are equally important for the degradation of MB dye. The cyclic stability of prepared ZnCrO4 nanosheets was thoroughly studied and found that no leaching of zinc ion in water and catalyst does not loss activity over the repeated experiments indicated its better safety and sustainability. The size of nanosheets are smaller possibly increases surface area of material and hence higher the activity.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Zinc Ion in Water with an ab Initio Based Neural Network Potential

An artificial neural network provides the possibility to develop molecular potentials with both the efficiency of the classical molecular mechanics and the accuracy of the quantum chemical methods. Here, we develop an ab initio based neural network potential (NN/MM-RESP) to perform molecular dynamics study of zinc ion in liquid water. In this approach, the interaction energy, atomic forces, and atomic charges of zinc ion and water molecules in the first solvent shell are described by a neural network potential trained with energies and forces generated from density functional calculations. The predicted energies and forces from the NN potential show excellent agreement with the quantum chemistry calculations. Using this approach, we carried out molecular dynamics simulation to study the hydration of zinc ion in water. The experimentally observed zinc-water radial distribution function, as well as the X-ray absorption near edge structure spectrum, is well-reproduced by the MD simulation. Comparison of the results with other theoretical calculations is provided, and important features of the present approach are discussed. The neural network approach used in this study can be applied to construct potentials to study solvation of other metal ions, and its salient features can shed light on the development of more accurate molecular potentials for metal ions in other environments such as proteins.

'Turn-on' fluorescent chemosensors based on naphthaldehyde-2-pyridinehydrazone compounds for the detection of zinc ion in water at neutral pH.

A series of naphthaldehyde-2-pyridinehydrazone derivatives were discovered to display interesting 'turn-on' fluorescence response to Zn2+ in 99% water/DMSO (v/v) at pH7.0. Mechanism study indicated that different substituent groups in the naphthaldehyde moiety exhibited significant influence on the detection of Zn2+ . The electron rich group resulted in longer fluorescence wavelengths but smaller fluorescence enhancement for Zn2+ . Among these compounds, 1 showed the highest fluorescence enhancement of 19-fold with the lowest detection limit of 0.17μmol/L toward Zn2+ . The corresponding linear range was at least from 0.6 to 6.0μmol/L. Significantly, 1 showed an excellent selectivity toward Zn2+ over other metal ions including Cd2+ .

Study on the Adsorption Capability of Nano-Barium-Strontium Titanate Immobilized on Aluminum Oxide for Zinc Ion

Zinc ion was adsorbed and enriched by nano-barium-strontium titanate immobilized on aluminum oxide(ABST). The adsorption and elution conditions were investigated. The results showed that ABST had strong adsorption ability for zinc ion in water in the medium at pH more than 4.0. The maximum adsorption capability was up to 16.38 mg/g. The adsorbed zinc on ABST could be eluted and reclaimed with 0.5 mol/L of HNO3. Zinc was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FAAS). The detection limit of this method for zinc ion was 2.5 μg/L. The method had been applied to the determination of trace zinc in surface water and tap water samples with recovery of 92.5%-98.7%. The results were found to be in agreement with the method of dithizone spectrophotometry.

Cloud point extraction-preconcentration and flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of low levels of zinc in water and blood serum samples

Abstract A simple, sensitive and selective flotation method is described for the preconcentration and atomic absorption spectrometric determination of zinc ion in water and blood samples. At a solution pH of 5.2, 4-(2-pyridylazo-resorcinol) and Triton X-114 were used as hydrophobic ligand and non-ionic surfactant, respectively. The chemical variables affecting the preconcentration process were optimized. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the selective preconcentration and determination of as low zinc concentration as 6.5 µg L−1 can be made. The proposed method was successfully applied to the preconcentration and low-level determination of zinc in different water and blood serum samples.

Recovering the concept of the hydrated ion for modeling ionic solutions: a Monte Carlo study of zinc(2+) in water

A [Zn(H 2 O) 6 ] 2+ -H 2 O interaction potential has been developed by means of ab initio calculations using the 3-21G * basis sets. Monte Carlo simulations of zinc ion in water have been performed by using the potential for the zinc hexahydrate and for comparative purposes that of Clementi developed for the single ion. Both simulations have used the same conditions. Structural results derived from simulation of zinc hexahydrate give a more disrupted second shell, with two maxima for the Zn-H radial distribution function at the second shell. Results for the hydration energy of Zn 2+ obtained from the hydrated ion approach (-518 kcal/mol) are much closer to the experimental estimation (-491 kcal/mol) than results obtained with the potential for the single ion (-845 kcal/mol)

Zinc ion in water: intermolecular potential with approximate three-body correction and Monte Carlo simulation

An intermolecular potential function for zinc(II)/water has been constructed, based on ab-initio calculations with the DZV-ECP basis set and approximating three-body terms with the nearest-neighbour ligand correction (NNLC) algorithm. Variations in applying this correction method and its influence on Monte Carlo simulations have been studied, and based on these results, a simulation of a zinc ion in water has been carried out. The structure of the solution around the ion is discussed in terms of radial distribution functions and coordination number distributions.