Zinc Fertilization Research Articles

Synergistic incorporation of calcium and zinc fertilizers in superabsorbent polymers

Synergistic incorporation of calcium and zinc fertilizers in superabsorbent polymers

Soil zinc dynamics over time on applied organics, bacterial inoculant and zinc fertilizers in calcareous soil of southern India

Bioavailability of zinc was impacted by soil properties, externally applied sources, time, and various fractions of zinc. An experiment was conducted to investigate the bioavailable and other zinc fractions in calcareous soil and the efficiency of organic and inorganic sources on bioavailability with the presence and absence of zinc solubilizing bacteria (ZSB). The sequential extraction procedure followed at every interval of the incubation period for all forms of zinc was studied. Externally added inorganic sources significantly affected all fractions of zinc compared to untreated soils. Among them, ZnSO4 influences all forms of zinc, mainly Ws+Ex (water soluble+exchangeable) and carbonate-bound zinc, whereas Zn-EDTA maintains a high status of bioavailable zinc throughout the experimental period. On the 60th day of incubation, Zn-EDTA and ZnSO4 applied to soil maintained bioavailable zinc content of 3.71 and 2.94 times higher than that of control. Irrespective of sources, the available zinc of Zn fertilizers applied to soils was reduced with an increase in incubation days. Organic and microbial addition effects solely or combined increase the soil zinc content significantly in both fertilized and unfertilized soils. Among two different organic sources, the zinc solubility performance of farmyard manure was higher than that of vermicompost. In untreated soil, residual and carbonate-bound fractions contribute a major portion towards total zinc based on quantity. The bioavailable fraction mainly the Ws+Ex and organically bound fractions were markedly influenced in all treatments.

Effect of Iron and Zinc Fertilization on Growth and Yield of Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in Loamy Sand

A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2022-23 at Agronomy Instructional Farm, Chimanbhai Patel College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar. The soil of the experimental field was loamy sand in texture, neutral to alkaline in reaction, normal with respect to salt content, low in available nitrogen and sulphur, medium in available phosphorus, potash, zinc and iron and high in manganese and copper. Nine treatment combinations comprising three levels of iron 0.0 kg Fe ha-1 (Fe0), Soil application of 20.0 kg FeSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Fe1) and 0.5 % FeSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS (Days after sowing) (Fe2) and three levels of zinc 0.0 kg Zn ha-1 (Zn0), Soil application of 10.0 kg ZnSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Zn1) and 0.5 % ZnSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS (Zn2) were evaluated in randomized block design with factorial concept with four replication. Mustard variety GDM 4 was used as a test crop. Significantly higher number of secondary branches plant-1 (16.59), number of siliquae plant-1 (341.4), test weight (5.18 g), seed yield (2061 kg ha-1) and stover yield (4976 kg ha-1) were recorded with soil application of 20.0 kg FeSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Fe1) but it was at par with 0.5 % FeSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS. Stover yield of mustard remained at par with 0.5 % FeSO4. 7H2O foliar spray at 30 and 45 DAS. Significantly higher number of secondary branches plant-1 (16.37), number of siliquae plant-1 (340.1), seed (2001 kg ha-1) and stover yield (4961 kg ha-1) were recorded with soil application of 10.0 kg ZnSO4. 7H2O ha-1 (Zn1) but it was at par with foliar spray of 0.5 % ZnSO4. 7H2O at 30 and 45 DAS except seed yield of mustard.

Zinc Biofortification of Mungbean Cultivars through Root and Foliar Zinc Fertilization

Zinc Biofortification of Mungbean Cultivars through Root and Foliar Zinc Fertilization

Comparing the individual and combined effects of nano zinc and conventional zinc fertilization on growth, yield, phytochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and secoisolariciresinol diglucoside content in linseed

Zinc sulfate (ZnSO4), a conventional Zn fertilizer, is widely used due to its high solubility and ease of application. In contrast, nano Zn represents an innovative approach, utilizing nanoscale particles to enhance Zn bioavailability and uptake efficiency. This study compares these two Zn fertilizers regarding their impact on plant growth, yield, Zn uptake, and overall crop quality. In our study, we explored the potential of nano Zn and ZnSO4 by applying two different doses of each (100, 1000 ppm ZnO NP and 30, 50 kg ha−1 ZnSO4) both individually and in combination, to linseed accession. The results obtained showed the potential of nano Zn over conventional Zn fertilizer in terms of enhanced linseed growth and yield together with greater antioxidants enzyme, oil content, protein content, Zn accumulation, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) content, and the accumulation of bioactive metabolites. Nanoscale ZnO (with particle size less than 100 nm) at a 1000 ppm concentration sped up growth, yield, increased SDG content, and antioxidant activity. However, when nano Zn (1000 ppm) was applied in combination with ZnSO4 (30 kg ha−1), it maximally enhanced plant fresh and dry weight, photosynthesis, and yield compared to their individual treatment. The combined application increased seed yield by 4.55 folds compared to the control. The treated plants were assessed for SDG content using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (LC-MS), which showed maximum increase with 1000 ppm ZnO NP. SDG is a type of lignan known for their antioxidant properties and potential health benefits paving way for its pharmaceutical importance.

Evaluating the effect of green manuring and zinc fertilization on yield, economics and post- harvest nutrient status of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Evaluating the effect of green manuring and zinc fertilization on yield, economics and post- harvest nutrient status of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Effect of sulphur and zinc fertilization on growth and yield of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

Effect of sulphur and zinc fertilization on growth and yield of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

Effect of green manuring and zinc fertilization on growth, yield attributes and nutrient uptake of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Effect of green manuring and zinc fertilization on growth, yield attributes and nutrient uptake of transplanted rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Zinc supply effects on wheat production in a low precipitation zone

AbstractZinc (Zn) fertilization of hard red and soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is uncommon in the low precipitation zone of the inland Pacific Northwest. It is uncommon because there have been no indications of deficiency. Soil test data, however, show Zn levels have been declining over time. We conducted a four‐site‐year experiment to evaluate effects of fertilization on early‐season tissue Zn concentration (TZC), dry matter accumulation (DMA), Zn uptake (ZNU), the grain test weight (TWT), protein content (PRO), and yield (YLD) of two regionally adapted cultivars. Planting occurred late in September or early in October. Zinc fertilizer, placed with the seed while planting, was applied at rates of 0 and 5 kg Zn ha−1. Application of 5 kg Zn ha−1 increased TZC and ZNU at one of two sites. There were corresponding trends of increased DMA and improved YLD. Response to fertilization occurred on a relatively shallow soil that had a diethylenetriamine‐pentaacidic acid–extractable Zn test level of 0.3 mg kg−1.

Impact of Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria and Microbial Consortia on Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a staple food for over half the world's population, particularly in Asia. This study explores the potential of Zn-solubilizing microbes to enhance micronutrient content in rice, aiming to address these deficiencies sustainably. Beneficial free-living soil bacteria, specifically plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), were investigated for their role in improving plant health and yield. Twenty-two bacterial isolates were screened for Zn solubilization, with Enterobacter hormaechei identified as the most promising. Field experiments with rice varieties PD 26 and NDR 359 involved treatmentssuch asT1 (Control), T2 (ZnSB1: Enterobacter hormaechei MT507226.1), T3 (Consortium1: Pantoearodasii MZ397586 + Seratiamarcesecens MW843567), and T4 (Consortium2: Enterobacter hormaechei MT507226.1 + Pantoearodasii MZ397586 + Seratiamarcesecens MW843567). with individual and consortia of Zn-solubilizing bacteria. Significant improvements were shown in plant height, leaf area index (LAI), total chlorophyll, total dry matter (TDM), and grain yield. Results showed that Consortium1 (T3) significantly increased plant height by 7.94% for PD26 and 10.16% for NDR 359. Leaf Area Index (LAI) also improved notably under Consortium1, with increases of 15.56% for PD26 and 24.39% for NDR 359. Total chlorophyll content was highest under Consortium1 for PD26 (36.63% increase) and under Consortium2 for NDR 359 (31.41% increase). Total dry matter (TDM) showed substantial gains, especially in NDR 359 with Consortium2 treatment, achieving a 36.51% increase. Grain yield increased significantly across all treatments, with Consortium1 showing the highest yields: 12.26% for PD26 and 23.01% for NDR 359.Correlation analysis indicated strong positive relationships between plant height, TDM, and grain yield, underscoring the importance of these parameters in determining crop productivity. The findings suggest that microbial consortia, particularly Consortium1, can effectively replace traditional zinc fertilizers, enhancing sustainable agriculture by promoting plant growth and yield. These results are consistent with recent studies on the role of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving nutrient uptake and crop performance.

Agronomic Effectiveness of Zinc Sources as Micronutrient Fertilizers: A Comprehensive Review’

Zinc naturally occurs in the earth's crust as part of rocks and ore minerals. The average concentration of zinc in the lithosphere is 80 mg kg-1. While zinc is relatively immobile in soil, it is moderately mobile in plants. As a vital micronutrient for both humans and animals, zinc plays an essential role in plants as a catalytic, structural and regulatory cofactor for many enzyme reactions. It is necessary for the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein synthesis, the biosynthesis of growth hormones (particularly indoleacetic acid) and the maintenance of cell membrane integrity. Zinc deficiency is a widespread problem affecting both plants and humans in many regions of the world. To address this issue and improve plant zinc nutrition and yields, both soil and foliar zinc fertilizers have been applied. The agronomic effectiveness of Zn fertilizers has been related to the management factors such as placement, source type, seed treatment, foliar spray and biofortification that can affect the effectiveness of Zn fertilizers.

SOIL MICRONUTRIENT CONTENT ANALYSIS AND MAPPING OF AGRICULTURAL SALT-AFFECTED SOILS AROUND ABAYA AND CHAMO LAKES, SOUTH ETHIOPIA RIFT VALLEY

<p><strong><span lang="EN-US">Background.</span></strong><span lang="EN-US"> Salt-affected soils cause a significant portion of land to become unproductive yearly; its impact is severe in sub-Saharan African nations, especially the arid and semiarid lowlands, and the Rift Valley regions of Ethiopia are typically host to naturally salt-affected areas. <strong>Objective.</strong> To analyze the micronutrient content and map the micronutrient fertility status of agricultural salt-affected soils around Abaya and Chamo Lakes South Ethiopia Rift Valley. <strong>Methodology.</strong> A systematic sampling technique was employed to obtain 300 soil samples for the investigation from two depths (0-20 and 20-40cm), with a 600m sampling interval, of which 30 were used. The research data was analyzed using the application of standardized analytical procedures for soil data and descriptive and geostatistical techniques. <strong>Results.</strong> According to the study, there is low zinc available in the soil but an ample amount of iron, manganese, and copper. In addition, the study's findings revealed that, whereas the remaining micronutrient regional variability is found at long distances, available iron exhibited a regional variation in soil quality at small distances. <strong>Implications.</strong> The study suggests applying organic matter for better soil structure, water retention, and nutrient availability.</span><span lang="EN-US">Moreover, the results recommend that soils affected by salt might recover using various materials. <strong>Conclusions.</strong> In the study areas, zinc fertilizer may still be needed for an optimal yield even though the research area has low amounts of zinc fertilizer. The study concluded with management recommendations to minimize the adverse effects of very high micronutrient content on human health and plant growth.</span></p>

Zinc biofortification of wheat through fertilizer and genotype management

This study investigated the responses of two wheat varieties, Alvand (Zn-inefficient) and Pishtaz (Zn-efficient), to various zinc (Zn) fertilization methods to determine optimal strategies for enhancing wheat growth and grain quality. The primary aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of various Zn fertilization strategies, including foliar applications of Zn sulfate and Zn-EDTA with and without urea, as well as synthetic Zn amino acid complexes, along with soil applications of Zn sulfate, on the yield and nutritional quality of grains in these two contrasting wheat varieties. The results revealed that wheat varieties responded differently to Zn treatments. While Alvand showed a promising trend of elevated grain yield with foliar zinc sulfate application, Pishtaz exhibited a stronger response to foliar treatments like Zn-Met and Zn-EDTA + urea. Yield components as 1000-grain weight and spike weight, were significantly influenced by Zn fertilization. Foliar application of zinc sulfate + urea enhanced 1000-grain weight in Alvand, whereas Zn-EDTA + urea substantially increased spike weight in Pishtaz. Soil application of zinc sulfate was found to be as an effective method to enhance grain Zn content. Furthermore, the Zn concentrations in flour, straw, bran, and roots elucidated the complex patterns of Zn distribution among various plant tissues. Soil applications were particularly effective in increasing Zn levels in flour and bran, while foliar treatments influenced Zn content in straw and roots. Overall, this research highlights the importance of Zn fertilization strategies for different wheat varieties biofortification. These findings can provide practical implications for sustainable wheat production, addressing Zn deficiency challenges, and advancing food security worldwide. Further exploration into the underlying mechanisms of these responses is encouraged to refine Zn management practices for wheat cultivation.

The effect of zinc fertilization on yield and quality of commercial processing tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars

Objective: In this study, conducted in two production seasons, the effects of zinc fertilization on yield and fruit quality of processing tomato varieties (H-1015, Lalin and Kendras) were investigated. Material and Method: Material consisted of ‘H-1015’, ‘Lalin’, and Kendras’ processing tomato varieties. The study consisted of 3 different treatments; zinc applied plots, zinc-free plots and control. Results: The results showed that zinc application to H-1015 and Lalin cultivars gave the highest yield values compared to zinc-free and control treatments in both production seasons. While the differences between the pulp colour values L* and a/b were found to be insignificant in both years, the differences between the values of a* and b* were found to be significant in both years. Similarly, zinc fertilization had no positive effects on the TA and lycopene contents of the varieties. The differences between the fruit pH values of the varieties were found to be significant. While the differences among the Brix values were found to be significant only in 2018, the variety H-1015 showed the highest Brix values in both testing years. Conclusion: Zinc fertilization is proposed to obtain a high yield in processing tomatoes.

Effects of foliar spraying different sizes of zinc fertilizer on the growth and cadmium accumulation in rice.

Nanotechnology has been widely applied in agricultural science. During the process of reducing metal toxicity and accumulation in rice, nanomaterials exhibit size effects. However, there is limited knowledge regarding these size effects. We aim to explore the impact of fertilizer with various sizes of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on rice growth and cadmium (Cd) accumulation and to elucidate the potential mechanism of Cd reduction in rice. Foliar applications of different concentrations (0.5 and 2 mmol L-1) and different sizes (30 and 300 nm ZnO-NPs) of zinc (Zn) fertilizer (Zn(NO3)2) were performed to investigate the effects on rice growth, Cd accumulation and subcellular distribution, and the expression of Zn-Cd transport genes. The results suggested that all the foliar sprayings can significantly reduce the Cd concentrations in rice grains by 41-61% with the highest reduction in the application of ZnO-NPs with large size and low concentration. This is related to the enhancement of Cd fixation in leaf cell walls and downregulation of Cd transport genes (OsZIP7, OsHMA2, OsHMA3) in stem nodes. Foliar ZnO-NPs applications can increase the Zn concentration in grains by 9-21%. Foliar applications of Zn(NO3)2 and small-sized ZnO-NPs promoted plant growth and rice yield, while the application of large-sized ZnO-NPs significantly reduced rice growth and yield. The study suggests that the rice yield and Cd reduction are dependent on the size and concentration of foliar spraying and the use of large-sized ZnO-NPs is the most effective strategy when considering both yield and Cd reduction comprehensively. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Study on synergistic and antagonistic interactions of P and Zn fertilization on sweet pepper

The present study was carried out to investigate the synergistic and antagonistic interactions of combined application of Phosphorus and Zinc fertilizers on sweet pepper in net house conditions. Pot experiment consists of thirteen treatments combinations set up in a completely randomized design. The treatment combinations comprising of four levels of phosphorus (0, 237.5, 355.5 and 475 kg Single Super Phosphate ha−1) and three levels of Zn (5, 7.5 and 10 kg Zinc Sulfate ha−1) including one control (100% NPK). The available macro and micronutrients content in potting mixture was confirmed in medium range before conducting the experiment. The results clearly demonstrate the treatment comprising 475 kg SSP ha−1 with 10 kg ZnSO4 ha−1 (T13) showed synergistic effects on vegetative characteristics, above and below ground nutrient content as well as nutrient uptake. When balanced phosphatic and zinc fertilizers (T13) are applied to soil, there is a low possibility of an antagonistic reaction. Antagonism problems arise most frequently when the soil’s Zn content is extremely low in combination with excess application of P fertilizer limiting their availability to plants. To avoid P-Zn antagonism in the soil system, utilization of appropriate fertilizer methods, supplies, and rates was done. As a result, the present study confirms that recommended fertilizer doses combined with phosphorus @ 475 kg SSP ha−1 and zinc @ 10 kg ZnSO4 ha−1, is the best nutrient combination for improving plant growth parameters; however, in terms of soil parameters, P and Zn fertilizers affected micronutrient content in soil, which further interacted antagonistically.

Effect of enhanced doses of phosphorous and zinc fertilizers over recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) on grain yield and its attributes in wheat (Triticum durum L.)

Effect of enhanced doses of phosphorous and zinc fertilizers over recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) on grain yield and its attributes in wheat (Triticum durum L.)

Effect of enhanced doses of phosphatic and zinc fertilizers over recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) on grain yield and its attributes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Effect of enhanced doses of phosphatic and zinc fertilizers over recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) on grain yield and its attributes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Sunflower grain yield and oil content affected by zinc fertilization and genotype in drought stress conditions

ContextDrought stress is a major environmental factor limiting sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) growth and productivity, worldwide. Although there has been research on the use of zinc (Zn) to alleviate drought stress in sunflower, more has yet to be indicated on how Zn may affect sunflower yield and biochemical properties in drought stress conditions as the objective of the present research. MethodsThe field experiment was a split plot on the basis of a complete randomized block design with 18 treatments and 3 replicates conducted in the province of Fars, Iran, in 2018. The experimental treatments of drought (main plots) including irrigating at 70 (control, S1), 105 (mild, S2) and 140 mm (severe, S3) evaporation from the evaporation pan and the sub plots (factorial arrangement) of sunflower genotypes (Shams and Barzegar) and Zn fertilizer (ZnSO4) at 0, 40 and 70 kgha−1 were tested. Different sunflower, growth, yield and biochemical parameters were determined. ResultsStress significantly affected leaf area index (LAI), tray diameter (TD), grain weight (GW), infertile seeds (I), water use efficiency (WUE) and proline (Pr), and genotype was significant on LAI, TD, number of grains per tray (NGT), GW, WUE, and grain protein (PP). However, Zn significantly increased LAI, PP, GW and WUE by 50, 5.9, 35 and 32 %, respectively. ConclusionZn fertilization can alleviate the unfavourable effects of drought stress on sunflower yield and biochemical properties by improving plant growth (LAI), yield (grain weight), and physiology (water use efficiency and protein percentage), and genotype is a determining factor.

Development of Novel Zeolite-Based Controlled-Release Zinc Fertilizers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Release Kinetics

Development of Novel Zeolite-Based Controlled-Release Zinc Fertilizers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Release Kinetics