Zhanjiang City Research Articles

Research on the Construction of Innovative Model of Integrated Teacher Education in Island under the Background of 'Strong Teacher Plan' - A Case Study of Zhanjiang City

Research on the Construction of Innovative Model of Integrated Teacher Education in Island under the Background of 'Strong Teacher Plan' - A Case Study of Zhanjiang City

Mass mortality associated with carpione rhabdovirus in golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) in China: First report

From August to November 2023, a severe epizootic outbreak occurred in an offshore cultured golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) population in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, China, resulting in a cumulative mortality rate of 65–82 %. The diseased fish showed clinical signs of lethargy, anorexia, whirling movements, and hemorrhage at the base of the fins and in the upper and lower jaws before mass mortality. A rhabdovirus strain, designated as CARPV2023, was successfully isolated using fathead minnow (FHM) cells. The cytopathic effects of the tissue filtrate from the diseased golden pompano on FHM and epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell monolayers were characterized by rounded cells, grape-like cluster formation, detachment, and lysis. Histopathology revealed congestion, hemorrhage, and necrosis in the spleen, liver, trunk kidney, and intestinal tissues of naturally and experimentally infected golden pompanos. Electron microscopy showed that bullet-shaped viral particles, measuring 183.5–217.6 nm in length and 57.3–82.7 nm in width, budded from the cell membrane or aggregated around the infected FHM cells. The virus remained stable for 7 d at 4–33 °C and replicated optimally at 28 °C. Whole-genome sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis further indicated that the carpione rhabdovirus (CARPV)2023 strain is a new carpione rhabdovirus, and is related to novirhabdoviruses, however, is thus far unclassified. A specific nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay confirmed the presence of CARPV in the affected golden pompano. Significantly higher mortality was observed in challenged golden pompanos than that in the controls through intraperitoneal injection and immersion infection. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed showed positive reactions for RNA in multiple tissues (liver, spleen, trunk kidney, brain, heart, gill, and muscle) from infected fish. The highest expression level was confirmed in the spleen through qPCR. This is the first study to report natural CARPV infections in marine fish.

Comparative Study of Nutritional Composition, Physiological Indicators, and Genetic Diversity in Litopenaeus vannamei from Different Aquaculture Populations.

This study aimed to evaluate the quality and genetic diversity of farmed Litopenaeus vannamei across three distinct populations from Maoming City (MM), Zhanjiang City (ZJ), and Yangjiang City (YJ) in Guangdong Province. Muscle tissues from L. vannamei were analyzed for phenotypic traits, conventional nutrients, amino acids, and fatty acids, while genetic diversity was assessed using whole genome sequencing techniques. The analysis revealed that the crude protein content in shrimp across the three populations ranged from 20.87 to 21.95 g/100 g, crude fat content ranged from 0.90 to 1.50 g/100 g, essential amino acid content ranged from 5.55 to 5.86 g/100 g, total amino acid content ranged from 14.73 to 15.27 g/100 g, total fatty acid content ranged from 682.73 to 793.97 mg/100 g, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) ranged from 2.68 to 2.72 μmol/g, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity ranged from 1021.97 to 1057.21 U/g, and catalase (CAT) activity ranged from 78.65 to 81.33 μmoL/min. No significant differences were observed in ash and crude fat levels among conventional nutrients, nor in the biochemical indexes T-AOC, CAT, and SOD. Genetic analysis showed that the single nucleotide polymorphism density (SNP/Kb) ranged from 15.323 to 17.461, nucleotide diversity (π) ranged from 2.98 × 10-5 to 15.84 × 10-5, polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.300 to 0.317, heterozygosity (Ho) ranged from 0.033 to 0.048, and inbreeding coefficients (FIS) ranged from 0.834 to 0.887. The genetic differentiation index (FST) values among the three populations ranged from 0.056 to 0.106. This study provides an evaluation of the germplasm resources and genetic diversity of farmed L. vannamei, offering insights for the efficient management and sustainable utilization of this species' germplasm resources.

Spatial variability in blue carbon storage and sequestration of seagrass meadows in southern China

Although seagrass meadows are intense carbon sinks, information on the regional variability in seagrass blue carbon stocks and carbon sequestration remains limited. We estimated the organic carbon (Corg) stocks and carbon accumulation rates (CAR) of seven seagrass meadows along the subtropical coast of China's Zhanjiang City and analyzed the driving factors of variability in sediment Corg stocks in three seagrass meadows. Results showed that most Corg (99.83 %) was stored in the sediments, and the contribution of living biomass was minor. The average Corg stocks of living biomass and sediments across all sites were 0.04 ± 0.01 and 42.03 ± 25.07 Mg C ha−1, respectively, which were significantly lower than the world average (2.52 ± 0.48 and 194.2 Mg C ha−1). The sediment Corg stocks of the upper 1 m ranged from 24.26 to 157.12 Mg C ha−1 with substantial variability among sites: Liusha Bay (64.93 ± 22.31 Mg C ha−1) > Donghai Island (33.8 ± 10.65 Mg C ha−1) > Dongshen Ferry (27.35 ± 4.15 Mg C ha−1). The average sediment CAR was 53.47 g C m−2 yr−1, and the total CAR of 864.18 ha seagrass meadows was 260.76 ± 4.86 Mg C yr−1 in these studied sites. Physicochemical factors, such as high moisture content, salinity, CaCO3 content, and low dry bulk density, jointly inhibited the mineralization rate of Corg in sediments. Our study provides data from understudied regions to a growing dataset on seagrass carbon stocks and sequestration rates and highlights the significance of local and regional differences in seagrass blue carbon storage to accurately assess the climate change mitigation potential of seagrass ecosystems.

Thickly Planting Seeds of Attracting Talents and Breaking through the Difficult Soil of Retaining Talents A Study Based on 140 Natural Villages in Guandu Township, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, China

This research was carried out in the guiding background of the rural construction strategy and the important reports published in 2017, with seven categories of natural village residents of Guandu Town, Potou District, Zhanjiang City, local university students, rural construction cadres, government cadres, returning entrepreneurs, local industrial businessmen, and old and new vanguard members as the objects of the research, and was carried out through five major methods, including the interview survey method, the questionnaire survey method, the field survey method, and the case The research was carried out in five major ways, such as interview survey method, questionnaire survey method, field survey method and case study analysis method. After analyzing and summarizing the content of the research, we learned that there is a dilemma of talent construction in Guandu Town. This research aims to explore the current situation of talent in the construction of the countryside and the existing problems, through the Guandu Township as an example of its talent resources in the problem of targeted investigation and analysis, and further for the construction of the countryside to make the theoretical as well as practical impact and recommendations.

Development and preliminary application of a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four intestinal parasites in goats

To develop a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four intestinal parasites, including Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Moniezia, and to preliminarily evaluate its detection efficiency. Four pairs of specific primers were designed based on the conserved sequences of the corresponding genes of G. duodenalis (GenBank accession number: XM_001710026.2), C. parvum (GenBank accession number: XM_626998.1), E. bieneusi (GenBank accession number: KJ719492.1) and Moniezia (GenBank accession number: OM296991.1) retrieved from the GenBank database, and a multiplex PCR assay for simultaneous detection of G. duodenalis, C. parvum, E. bieneusi and Moniezia was developed and optimized. A total of 116 fresh goat stool samples were collected from four goat farms in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province during the period from October to December 2022, including 96 samples used for evaluating the detection efficacy of the multiplex PCR assay, and 20 samples as baseline controls for sample testing. Genomic DNA extracted from 96 goat stool samples was tested using the single-target PCR assay and the developed multiplex PCR assay, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the multiplex PCR assay were evaluated for detection of G. duodenalis, C. parvum, E. bieneusi and Moniezia DNA in goat stool samples with the single-target PCR assay as the gold standard. The multiplex PCR assay developed in this study allowed simultaneous amplification of specific gene fragments of G. duodenalis, C. parvum, E. bieneusi and Moniezia, with 1 400, 755, 314 bp and 585 bp in sizes, respectively, and the detection limit was 102 and higher copies of parasite DNA clones, while the multiplex PCR assay was negative for gene amplification of Schistosoma japonicum, Fasciola hepatica, Echinococcus granulosus, Blastocystis hominis and Homalogaster paloniae. Single-target PCR assay and the developed multiplex PCR assay were employed to test DNA samples extracted from 96 goat stool samples, and single-target PCR assay tested positive in 40 goat stool samples (41.67%), including 39 positive samples tested with the multiplex PCR assay, with a mean coincidence rate of 97.50% (39/40). The multiplex PCR assay tested positive for G. duodenalis DNA in 26 goat stool samples (27.10%), C. parvum DNA in 22 samples (22.90%), E. bieneusi DNA in 24 samples (25.00%), and Moniezia in 9 samples (9.40%), which was consistent with the detection using the single-target PCR assay. The sensitivity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of the multiplex PCR assay were 96.15%, 95.83%, 100.00% and 100.00%, 98.90%, 98.92%, 100.00% and 100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00%, 100.00% and 100.00% for detection of G. duodenalis, C. parvum, E. bieneusi and Moniezia DNA in goat stool samples, respectively, if the single-target PCR assay served as the gold standard. A highly sensitive and specific multiplex PCR assay has been developed for simultaneous detection of G. duodenalis, C. parvum, E. bieneusi and Moniezia in goats, which is suitable for rapid, large-scale screening of intestinal parasites in sheep stool samples.

The Mediation Role of Mobile Phone Addiction to the Relationship between Physical Activity and Autistic Traits among College Students

This study taking physical activity (PA) as the independent variable and autistic traits (AQ) as the dependent variable, we explored the relationship between the three in depth, further verified the mediating role of mobile phone addiction (MPA ) between the two , and constructed a hypothesized mediation model of mobile phone addiction in the relationship between physical activity and autistic traits.Method: This study takes the characteristics and correlations of physical activity (PA), autistic traits (AQ) and mobile phone addiction (MPA) as the research objects, follows the principle of convenience sampling , and uses questionnaire survey method and mathematical statistics method to conduct a survey on Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province. Three universities conducted stratified sampling , and finally conducted a survey and research on 382 college students . The " International Physical Activity Scale -Short (IPAQ -SF)", "Autism Trait Scale(AQ)" and "Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale(MPATS)" were used. An electronic questionnaire produced by "Questionnaire Star" was used to conduct an online survey on college students' physical activity, autistic traits and mobile phone addiction tendencies, etc., and SPSS24.0 was used for statistical processing and analysis.Result:1. The BMI difference between PAand AQ of college students was significant (p < 0.01). 2. There was a significant difference between the PA level and the level of college students with high and low AQ (p < 0.01). 3. The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between PA and AQ (r = -0.48**, Sig.000) and MPA (r=-0.22**, Sig.000), and a significant positive correlation between AQ and MPA (r=0.37**, Sig.000). 4. PA had a significant mediating effect on AQ through MPA, and MPA had a significant mediating effect between PA and AQ; the direct effect of PA on AQ was significant; the total effect of PA on AQ was significant.Conclusion:1.Physical activity can significantly and negatively predict autistic traits and mobile phone addiction; 2. Mobile phone addiction significantly and positively predicts autistic traits ;3. Mobile phone addiction ranks between physical activity and autistic traits has a significant mediating effect.

Promoting Youth Participation in Sports: An Analysis of Home-School-Community Approach

Young people are the future of the country and the hope of the nation. The physical health of adolescents plays a vital role in their growth. Regular sports participation can effectively improve the physical health of teenagers, while also helping to improve mental health and promote emotional regulation, thereby helping teenagers thrive and achieve the educational purpose of all-round development. The purpose of this study is to promote youth sports participation. Based on the ecological system theory, overlapping influence domain theory, and synergy theory, three environments, namely family, school, and community, which are closely related to the healthy growth of teenagers, are selected to analyze the impact of youth sports participation. factor. By summarizing the literature and expert guidance, 11 factors were identified at three levels that affect youth sports participation: the family level includes parental cognition, parental support, and parent involvement; the school level includes leadership support, teacher ability and cognition, campus facility funds, Physical health courses, campus sports atmosphere; community level includes organizational management, sports resources, publicity and education. This study adopted a random sampling method and selected 390 students from 10,242 students in 3 middle schools in Zhanjiang City as survey subjects. The researchers collected data through questionnaires that included participants' demographic profiles, sports participation, family factors, school factors, and community factors. Data were interpreted and analyzed using frequencies, percentages, weighted averages, Likert scales, Pearson correlation analysis, and linear regression analysis. Research shows that there are significant differences in youth sports participation by gender and grade. Boys' sports participation is better than that of girls. The sports participation status of junior middle school students is better than that of high school students. Among the effects of family factors on youth sports participation, "parental cognition", "parental support" and "parental participation" can all have a significant positive impact on youth sports participation. It shows that family entities can promote adolescents' sports participation behavior from three aspects: improving "parental awareness", focusing on "parental support", and focusing on "parental participation". In the impact of school factors on youth sports participation, in addition to "leadership support", the other four dimensions in the school factor scale are "teacher ability and cognition", "school facility funding", "physical education and health curriculum" and "school "Sports atmosphere" can significantly and positively affect youth sports participation, indicating that schools need to optimize hardware facilities, introduce outstanding sports talents, design sports and health courses, and create a good sports atmosphere in schools as the main ways to promote youth sports participation. Among the effects of community factors on youth sports participation, "sports resources" and "publicity and education" can both significantly and positively affect youth sports participation. However, "organizational management" cannot directly affect youth sports participation. Therefore, we can focus on absorbing and receiving more community sports resources, vigorously promoting sports-related information, creating a good sports atmosphere, and attracting more young people to participate in sports.

Population Status of the Endangered Semi-Mangrove Dolichandrone spathacea on Hainan Island, China

In China, Dolichandrone spathacea is a rare and endangered semi-mangrove plant species with an extremely small population, naturally distributed only in Zhanjiang City and the east coast of Hainan Island. Despite conservation concerns, the population status of D. spathacea has received little scientific attention. In this study, we evaluated the current status of D. spathacea on Hainan Island, China, in order to propose sustainable conservation strategies for future ecological restoration of its natural population. D. spathacea on Hainan Island can be divided into four populations. All the D. spathacea populations present a state of overall dispersion, local concentration, and occasionally sporadic existence, and they exist in geographical isolation. The young, middle, and old D. spathacea plants account for 20.42%, 66.20%, and 13.38%, respectively, indicating that the D. spathacea population on Hainan Island is declining. Furthermore, instead of temporal structure, we used diameter at breast height (DBH) to establish a static life table, draw a population survival curve, and quantify the future development trend through population dynamic analysis and time-series prediction. These results suggest that the D. spathacea population in the Bamen Gulf (Wenchang) and Qingmei Harbor (Sanya) on Hainan Island is sensitive to external disturbances and possesses two main increases in mortality rate—namely, in its juvenile and mature stages—due to competition and anthropogenic interferences, which might be the most important reasons for its endangered status. Depending on the current conditions of the D. spathacea population, we should conserve and expand mature trees in situ, preserve their germplasm resources, rehabilitate their habitats to promote provenance restoration, and conduct artificial cultivation and spreading planting in order to realize the sustainable conservation and management of D. spathacea.

Fostering Environmental Performance Via Corporate Social Responsibility and Green Innovation Initiatives: Examining the Moderating Influence of Competitive Advantage

The current research delves into the correlation between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the environmental performance (EP) of manufacturing enterprises in China. In addition, we examined the mediation impact of green innovation practices (GIP) on the interaction between CSR and EP. The study also looked at competitive advantage (CPA) as a moderator to see how it influences the connection between CSR and EP in dynamic capability view theory (DCV). A structured questionnaire was adapted to collect data from 910 manufacturing companies in Zhanjiang city, in Jiangsu province, China. The partial least squares (PLS-SEM) methodology analyzed the theoretical framework. The empirical findings are as follows: (1) CSR is a crucial predictor of EP. (2) GIP has a direct impact on EP. (3) GIP acts as a mediator in the CSR-EP connection, and (4) Lastly, the CPA strongly enhances the interaction between CSR and EP. These findings contribute practically and theoretically to understanding how CSR fosters EP, emphasizing the necessity for manufacturing companies to institute policies and initiatives for environmental sustainability and prioritize ecologically friendly practices to enhance EP.

Corrigendum: Spatio-temporal variation and prediction of ecological quality based on remote sensing ecological index a case study of Zhanjiang City, China

Corrigendum: Spatio-temporal variation and prediction of ecological quality based on remote sensing ecological index a case study of Zhanjiang City, China

First Report of Leaf Spot Disease on Pineapple Caused by Fusarium solani in China.

Pineapple (Ananas comosus) is an economically important tropical fruit in Guangdong Province, China. The plants were seriously infected with a year-round leaf spot disease. During September to November 2022, the leaf spot disease of pineapple was found in Xuwen city and Zhanjiang city of Guangdong Province. A disease survey of 1 ha revealed that pineapple was affected at an incidence ranging from 30% to 50%. The disease caused economic loss to control plant diseases with chemicals. The initial symptoms were observed after 1 month of planting in October and included yellow spot and developed brown necrotic lesions. The leaves of pineapples showed symptoms of Large brown necrotic lesions appear on leaves especially on the tip of basal leaves. The diseased leaves were collected and surface-disinfested in 1% NaClO for 2-3 m, rinsed with sterilized water, air dried, placed on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium, and incubated for 3 to 5 days at 28°C. Two isolates (PLF1 and PLF2) were collected and purified using the single-spore method. Colonies developing on PDA were in a circle with abundant white, densely fluffy aerial mycelium, pale to colorless after 3 d and pale orange 5-15 d later. Cultures of the isolates produced macroconidia which were falcate, 1-3-septate, hyaline, 18.2-43.4×4.8-6.8 µm(n=50). Cultures of the isolate also produced large amount of conidia which were hyaline, oblong, no septate, 5.2-10.6×2.7-5.2 µm (n=50). These characteristics were consistent with the description of Fusarium sp. (Chitrampalam et al. 2018). For molecular identification, the genomic DNA of the 2 isolates was extracted. The fragments of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1α (EF1α) and β-tubulin were amplified and sequened using the primer pairs of ITS4/ITS5, EF1/EF2 (O'Donnell et al. 2008) and T1/T2 (O'Donnell et al. 1997). These sequences were deposited in GenBank (OR501466, OR501467 for the ITS; OR499874, OR499875 for elongation factor; OR499876, OR499877 for β-tubulin). Phylogenetic trees were constructed in MAGA 11 using the Maximum likelihood (ML) method based on the concatenated sequences of ITS, EF1α, and Tublin (Figure 1). The 2 isolates were grouped with F. solani A01-1 (GCA_027945525.1) with a bootstrap value of 100 in the phylogenetic tree. The morphology and multi-gene phylogenetic analysis indicated that the new isolates are F. solani. The 2 isolates were selected for pathogenicity tests to fulfill Koch's postulates. Six plants at seven- to ten-leaf stage were inoculated with each isolate separately. Three sites of each leaf were wounded with a sterile needle and covered with a piece of cotton drenched with 200 µl spore suspension (107 spores/ml) from each isolate cultured in PD medium. Leaves inoculated with PD medium served as negative controls. Inoculated plants were placed in an incubator at 28°C, and 80% humidity under a 12-h light/dark cycle for 7 days. After 7 days of incubation, necrotic spots were observed in all the inoculated plants except the negative control. The pathogenicity tests were conducted three times with similar results. The strains were then reisolated from the lesions and found to be Fusarium solani as those of the inoculum. F．ananatum， F. guttiforme and F. subglutinans have been reported to infect all parts of pineapplefusariosis disease (Jacobs et al. 2010; Stępień et al. 2013; Ventura et al. 1993). To our knowledge, this is the first report of fusariosis on Pineapple caused by F. solani. Identification of F. solani as a disease agent on pineapple will assist in disease management for this important fruit tree.

Potential for on-grid hybrid renewable energy in a humid subtropical climatic zone: technological, economic, and environmental aspects

Abstract China’s abundant natural resources reveal inconsistencies in economics, environment, and society. Renewable energy sources can reduce environmental pollutants and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Using HOMER software, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, China, optimizes the economic, environmental, and technological aspects of creating an off-grid hybrid power system for 100 houses. According to the results, the most economically feasible photovoltaic (PV)–wind turbine (WT)–grid hybrid system is made up of one WT, 25.55 kW converters, and 80 kW PV panels. Its total net present cost (NPC) is $494 119, and its cost of energy (COE) is $0.043/kWh. However, because it has the greatest operation expenses, the PV–grid hybrid configuration has the highest NPC of $687 906 and COE of $0.068/kWh. Furthermore, according to the technical analysis’s findings, WT contributed 49.2% of the overall power generation, equivalent to $357 694/kWh. The optimal WT/PV/grid configuration, which is the suggested configuration, has the lowest yearly emissions of carbon dioxide (174 236 kg/year), whereas the PV–grid configuration has the highest carbon dioxide emissions (246 769 kg/year). The results of the sensitivity evaluation’s findings demonstrate that the COE and NPC amounts for the ideal configuration decline as solar irradiation and wind velocity increase. To clarify, raising the system’s velocity of wind or radiation from the sun can make it more economically viable. It may be concluded that the WT–PV–grid hybrid configuration is the more environmentally friendly and economical technology. Zhanjiang, China, has the potential to develop a sustainable alternative energy system combining WT and biomass power generation, but factors like fuel limitations and energy consumption must be considered.

An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Farmers' Income Increase and Primary Industry in Zhanjiang City

This article briefly introduces the 25 themes of the "No. 1 Document" of the CPC Central Committee. Based on the data of farmers' income, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, and agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery service in Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province from 1978 to 2021, this paper conducted an empirical study on the relationship between the primary industry and farmers' income in Zhanjiang City. In the empirical analysis, first of all, the stationarity test of the data was carried out, the EG co-integration modeling was carried out, the stepwise regression method was used to eliminate multicollinearity, and the generalized difference method was used to eliminate sequence correlation, and the optimized model was obtained. The results show that the total output value of agriculture and fishery has no significant effect on the increase of farmers' income in Zhanjiang City. Forestry, animal husbandry, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services have a significant impact on farmers' income. The total output value of forestry, animal husbandry and agriculture and the service industry of forestry, animal husbandry and fishery increased by 1%, and the income of farmers increased by 0.429%, 0.240% and 0.619%, respectively. The impact of agriculture and fishery on per capita disposable income in Zhanjiang rural areas is lagging, with a maximum lag of 9 years. Accordingly, the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.

Optimization of Import and Export of Aquatic Products in Zhanjiang City--Platform Construction Based on Blockchain Perspective

Abstract Amid the advancement of the global economy and the digital era, Zhanjiang’s aquatic products have increasingly contributed to its total import and export volume. However, its geographical position, encircled by the sea on three sides, exposes the region’s aquaculture and processing industry to significant challenges, notably the discharge of nuclear wastewater from Japan. Traditional practices governing the import and export of Zhanjiang’s aquatic products face several issues, including complex transaction negotiations, inefficient customs supervision, inadequate logistics, high settlement costs, and difficulties in tracing product quality. The adoption of blockchain technology offers a promising solution to these challenges. By harnessing the inherent features of transparency, decentralization, security, and confidentiality, along with integrated consensus, trust, security, and synergy mechanisms, this study proposes the development of a comprehensive import and export platform for Zhanjiang’s aquatic products. This platform is structured across five layers: data source, data layer, network layer, service layer, and operation layer. Enhancements across five critical components—signing, supervision, logistics, payment, and consumption links—can significantly optimize the traditional pain points associated with Zhanjiang’s aquatic product transactions. The implementation of blockchain technology in this context is anticipated to foster healthy and rapid development within the sector, promoting a more sustainable and efficient trade environment.

The Design of Natural Ecology Study Curriculum from an Interdisciplinary Learning Perspective—Taking the Sanlingshan Forest Park in Zhanjiang City as an Example

The Design of Natural Ecology Study Curriculum from an Interdisciplinary Learning Perspective—Taking the Sanlingshan Forest Park in Zhanjiang City as an Example

Research on the Spatial Pattern and Traffic Accessibility of Tourist Attractions in Zhanjiang City

Research on the Spatial Pattern and Traffic Accessibility of Tourist Attractions in Zhanjiang City

A Study on the Financing Model of 'Marine Ranch+' Industrial Cluster in Zhanjiang City

A Study on the Financing Model of 'Marine Ranch+' Industrial Cluster in Zhanjiang City

Occurrence of Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum fructicola on Ficus hirta in Southern China.

Ficus hirta Vahl. is a Moraceae plant, named for its palm-like leaves. It is a widely used traditional medicinal material with definite curative effect. At the same time, it is also a commonly used soup material among the folk in South China. In March 2022, a serious leaf spot disease with symptoms similar to anthracnose was observed on F. hirta in several plantations in Qinzhou and Zhanjiang City of China, with an incidence of 32~65%. The early symptoms of infected leaves were small, round, yellow spots that further expanded into larger, brown, irregular, necrotic lesions surrounded by dark brown edges, which eventually led to leaf wilt. Twenty symptomatic leaves were collected from three plantations with a total area of about 10 hm2. Fragments (2×2 mm) from the 20 infected leaves were surface sterilized, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 28°C. After 3 days, isolates with similar cultural morphology were obtained and three representative isolates (WZMT-1, WZMT-3 and WZMT-8) were randomly selected for following study. The colonies by single-spore purification on PDA were initially cottony, pale white and became grayish green with age. The conidia were hyaline, abundant, cylindrical, with rounded ends, 14.4~18.2 μm×4.6~6.0 μm (av. 16.2 μm×5.4 μm, n=100). Conidiogenous cells hyaline, cylindrical or ampulliform, 6.2~22.7 μm × 2.7~5.0 μm (av. 12.9 μm×3.8 μm, n=50). Appressoria were brown to dark brown, ovoid to clavate, elliptical or irregular, 7.9~13.4 μm × 5.6~9.2 μm (av. 10.6 μm×7.9 μm, n=50). The morphology of the fungus resembled Colletotrichum fructicola (Prihastuti et al. 2009). For molecular identification, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatedehydrogenase (GAPDH), actin (ACT), beta-tubulin 2 (TUB2), calmodulin (CAL), partial manganese superoxide dismutase (sod2), partial Apn2-Mat1-2 intergenic spacer and partial mating type (Mat1-2) (ApMat) genes were amplified from genomic DNA for the isolates using the primers described by Silva et al. (2012) and Weir et al. (2012). The sequences of the above seven loci of the three isolates (accession nos. OQ121661 to OQ121663 and OQ133400 to OQ133417) were obtained and showed over 99% identity with the existing sequences of ex-type culture ICMP 18581 of Colletotrichum fructicola (Weir et al. 2012). A multilocus phylogenetic analysis of the seven loci concatenated sequences using the maximum likelihood method revealed that the isolates belong to C. fructicola. To confirm pathogenicity, five 3-month-old potted plants were used for inoculation with each representative isolate. Tested plants were sprayed with 10 ml of a conidial suspension (1 × 108 conidia/ml) , and the controls plants were sprayed with sterile water. All the plants were incubated in a growth chamber at 26 ± 2°C with 95% relative humidity. After 10 days, typical lesions like those observed on the field plants appeared on all inoculated plants, while the control remained healthy. The same fungal pathogen was reisolated and the identity was confirmed by morphological characterization and molecular analysis, confirming Koch's postulates. The pathogen has been reported as the causal agent of anthracnose on a wide range of plant hosts worldwide (Marquez-Zequera et al. 2018; Horfer et al. 2021; Jiang et al. 2022; Li et al. 2023). To our knowledge, this is the first report of anthracnose on F. hirta caused by C. fructicola in southern China.

Research on the Role and Influence of Linguistic Landscape in the Social Culture of Zhanjiang City

Research on the Role and Influence of Linguistic Landscape in the Social Culture of Zhanjiang City