ZA Fertilizer Research Articles

Technical Efficiency of Sugar Cane Farming in PT PG Rajawali II Unit PG Sindanglaut

This research aims to determine the profitability and technical efficiency of sugarcane farming in PG Sindang Laut, Cirebon Regency, West Java. The research method used was survey research with 60 respondents of 30 plant cane and 30 ratoon cane. The data analysis used includes (1) descriptive analysis, (2) Cobb-Douglas production function with the SFA approach using Frontier 4.1, and (3) income analysis. The results of this research showed that, land area, seeds, phonska fertilizer, and labor affect sugar cane production in the plant cane category. On the other hand, land area, seeds, phonska fertilizer, and ZA fertilizer affect the technical efficiency of sugar cane farming of ratoon cane category. The factors that influence technical efficiency in the plant cane category are age, farming experience, and family responsibility. While education and farming experience influence technical efficiency in the ratoon cane category. The average income from sugarcane farming in the plant cane and ratoon cane categories is IDR 8,526,816/ha and IDR 13,195,410/ha.

Peningkatan Kualitas dan Kuantitas Hasil Tanaman Kacang Merah Menggunakan Dosis POC Darah Sapi Serta Pupuk Anorganik Sumber Nitrogen dan Sulfur

This research was conducted to determine the effect of giving doses of liquid organic fertilizer cow's blood and inorganic fertilizers of the NPK Phonska and ZA on the quality and quantity of red bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The research was carried out in August - October 2022 at the Kledung Research Park, Tidar University. The research method used a factorial experiment (4 x 2) with a complete group randomized design. The first factor is doses of cow blood liquid organic fertilizer consisting of 4 level: 0, 100, 200, 300 ml/plot 3,5 m2). The second factor was the addition of inorganic fertilizers with doses of NPK Phonska and ZA. The results of the analysis of this study showed that the application of liquid organic fertilizer cow blood at a dose of 160 - 240 ml/plot 3,5 m2 on red bean plants obtained the highest results on the number of pods planted, the weight of the pods planted, the number of seeds planted and the weight of seeds m2. The application of liquid organic fertilizer cow blood up to 300 ml/plot was able to increase yields on the wight of the seeds planted and the weight of Plant 100 seeds. The application of inorganic fertilizers of the NPK Phonska type gave higher results in number of pods per plant, weight of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, weight of seeds/ m2 and weight of 100 seeds content compared with using ZA fertilizer. There was no interaction in the combined treatment of liquid organic cow blood fertilizer with inorganic fertilizers on all parameters. Keywords: Red bean, Cow blood liquid organic fertilizer, NPK Phonska, ZA

Application of ZA Fertilizer on Growth and Production of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum)

Red ginger is one of the export commodities of spices in Indonesia which plays a significant role in the country's foreign exchange earnings. In order to meet market demand, ginger cultivation needs to be fertilized both organically and inorganically to increase production. ZA fertilizer for plants serves to stimulate vegetative growth. This study aims to determine the response of red ginger to the application of ZA fertilizer has a significant effect on the growth and yield of red ginger and to obtain the optimum dose of ZA fertilizer for the growth and yield of red ginger. This research was carried out in March - August 2021 until it was completed in Pelem Hamlet, Wonorejo Village, Jatiyoso District, Karanganyar Regency, Central Java Province with coordinates 7°43'24.7”S 111°05'31.2”E. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). This study consisted of 4 treatments with 6 replications so that 24 experimental units were obtained, while the treatments in this study were as follows: P0: Control without ZA fertilizer, P1: Treatment 225 Kg ZA/ha or 22.5 g/m2, P2: Treatment 450 Kg ZA/ha or 45 g/m2, and P3: Treatment 675 Kg ZA/ha or 67.5 g/m2. The results showed that ZA fertilizer had no significant effect on the yield of red ginger, but on growth observations, P2 treatment with a dose of 450 Kg ZA/ha can have a significant effect on the increase in the number of plants per plot. The dry weight of the stover was strongly correlated with the weight of fresh rhizomes with correlation values (r) 0.508.

Defect Analysis of ZA Fertilizer Products with Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) Methods at PT. XYZ

PT XYZ is one of the fertilizer producers in Indonesia. The problem that often occurs in the company is that there are product defects that cause the production process to be ineffective. One of the products that has a high percentage of defects is non-subsidized ZA fertilizer. Research using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods to find out the causes of rejects or rejects in products and can provide preventive solutions so that these defects do not occur. In this study, 4 types of defects were found, namely failed weighing with a chance of defect occurrence of 0.138%, mixed color defect with a chance of defect occurrence of 0.115%, crystal clumping defect with a chance of defect occurrence of 0.115%, and defect mixed with dirt with a chance of defect occurrence of 0.116%, mixed color, crystal clumping, and mixed with dirt. The root causes of these defects include less careful operators, hasty operators, operators do not check the fertilizer bag machine needs maintenance, machine trouble, operators do not check the level on the machine regularly, poor air circulation, lack of cleaning facilities, operators work not according to SOP, lack of supervision, lazy operators, no barrier with other fertilizers, lack of lighting.

STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION OF PLANTING MEDIA AND ZA FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF SAMOSIR SHALLOTS USING PVC PIPES

The research was joined by Suka Raya Village, Rampah Dua Village, Pancur Batu and Deli Serdang Districts. Research launches in July 2021 and ends in November 2021. Research objective is used for ingredient resource volume as well as the development of ZA, thereby increasing Samosir's productivity and productivity. The experimental design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors: the first factor, namely, the composition of the planting medium with 3 treatment levels: 100% topsoil, 75% top soil: 25% cocopeat, 50 top soil soil. %: cocopeat 50%. The second factor is ZA fertilizer with 3 treatment levels: 0 g/planting hole, 1g/planting hole, and 2 g/planting hole. Parameters observed were plant length (cm), number of leaves (strands), number of tubers, tuber diameter (mm), tuber fresh weight per plant (g), tuber dry weight per plant (g), quercetin analysis (ppm). The outcomes showed that the treatment of ZA manure with a portion of 2 g/establishing opening on plant length boundaries brought about the best plant length, tuber diameter, fresh weight and dry weight of Samosir shallots, while a dose of 1 g/planting hole could increase the number of tubers and quercetin compared to the dose of 1 g/planting hole. other. The composition of the growing media, namely top soil and cocopeat, showed an increase in the growth and quality of Samosir shallots on the number of leaves and quercetin parameters. The communication between the treatment of the sythesis of the developing media and the utilization of ZA manure didn't expand the development and nature of Samosir shallots on totally noticed factors.

INTERAKSI TIGA FAKTOR PUPUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.)

Interaction of Three Fertilizer Factors on the Growth and Yield of Garlic (Allium sativum L.). Garlic is one of the potential commodities to be developed. One of the efforts to increase garlic production is to provide the nutrients needed. The purpose of this study was to examine the interaction between SP-18 fertilizer, ZA fertilizer and biofertilizer in increasing garlic growth and yield. The research method used is an experimental method with a Random Design Group of factorial patterns 3 x 2 x 3 repeated 2 times. Factor 1 is the dose of SP-18 (P) fertilizer which consists of 3 levels with doses: p1 (50 kg / ha), p2 (100 kg / ha), and p3 (150 kg / ha). Factor 2 is the dose of ZA (A) which consists of 2 levels with doses: a1 (225kg/ha) and a2 (300kg/ha). Factor 3 is the dose of biological fertilizer (H) which consists of 3 levels with doses: h0 (control), h1 (5 kg / ha), and h2 (10 kg / ha). The conclusion of this study is that there is an interaction between SP-18 fertilizer, ZA fertilizer and biofertilizer on garlic growth and yield. The best treatment combination is SP-18 150 kg/ha, ZA fertilizer 225 kg/ha and biofertilizer 10 kg/ha. Application of SP-18 fertilizer and ZA fertilizer can increase soil microbial activity characterized by increased garlic growth and yield.

Role of ZA and KCl Fertilizer on Growth and Yield of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum)

<p>Red ginger is one of the commodities much needed by the people of Indonesia. The increase in public demand has not been matched by an increase in red ginger production. Efforts to increase red ginger production can be done with effective fertilization. This study aims to determine the appropriate dose of ZA+KCl fertilization for good growth and yield of red ginger. This research was conducted in March-August 2021 in the experimental area of Pelem, Wonorejo, Jatiyoso, Karanganyar, Central Java with coordinates 7°43'24.7”S 111°05'31.2”E with an altitude of 762 ASL. This study used a Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with one factor and 4 treatments, namely D0 (control), D1 (ZA 225 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>+KCl 50kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>), D2 (ZA 450 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>+ KCl 100 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>) and D3 (ZA 675 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>+KCl 150 kg.ha<sup>-1</sup>) were repeated 6 times each. The results showed that the application of several doses of fertilizer did not increase plant height, number of leaves, dry weight of straw but could increase the number of tillers per clump by 37.11% and the number of tillers per plot by 27.10%. The results of regression analysis showed that D2 had a trend to increase fresh weight and storage weight of rhizomes with an average of 1.9 t.ha<sup>-1</sup> and 1.5 t.ha<sup>-1</sup>. This research needs to be further developed by improving environmental influences to increase the growth and yield of red ginger.</p>

ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI DAN EFISIENSI ALOKATIF CABAI RAWIT MERAH DI KECAMATAN BANYUPUTIH KABUPATEN SITUBONDO

The aims of this study were (1) to analyze the factors that influence cayenne pepper production and (2) allocative efficiency of cayenne pepper production in Banyuputih District, Situbondo Regency. The research was conducted on farmers who are members of the prima donna farmer group with a population of 88 farmers. The sample used was 44 respondents who were determined by the Stratified Random Sampling technique with the area of land used by farmers. Data collected through observation, interviews and questionnaires were analyzed using the coob douglas production function and allocative efficiency analysis. Factors that influence the production of red bird's eye chilies are partially influenced by variables of land area, urea fertilizer, Phonska fertilizer, Za fertilizer and labor. While simultaneously all variables have a significant effect on the production of red bird's eye chilies. The use of production factors for seeds, phonska fertilizer, pesticides and labor is not efficient, while for land area, urea and Za fertilizers are not efficient

Growth and Production Response of Five Hybrid Maize Varieties to Application of Different Fertilizer Packages

This study aims to see the effect or response of five varieties of corn to the package of fertilizer doses observed from the growth and production. The research used a two-factor factorial experimental design in a Randomized Block Design, with 5 hybrid corn varieties as the first factor, namely varieties P21, P22, C9, C7 and Agricon, Urea, ZA, SP-36 and KCl fertilizers. Fertilization Package as the second factor was arranged with a combination of (1) Urea 350 + ZA 100 + SP-36 175 + KCl 75 kg ha-1, (2) Urea 250 + ZA 100 + SP-36 100 + KCl 50 kg ha-1, and (3) Urea 250 + ZA 100 kg ha-1 The results showed that there was an interaction between corn variety C7 and fertilization package 1 (350 urea + 100 ZA + 175 SP-36 + 75 KCl kg ha-1) on the addition of the best number of leaves which was 7,853 strands. Hybrid variety C9 gave the highest yield per hectare of 5.573 tons, and the fertilization package that gave the best results on corn production was fertilization package 3 (250 urea + 100 ZA kg ha-1) with an average grain yield per hectare of 5.07 tons.

Estimation of greenhouse gases in rice fields and plantations in Teluk Bintuni Regency, West Papua

The study purpose was to estimate greenhouse gases produced in agricultural sector in Teluk Bintuni Regency. Data were taken from 15 farmer groups from 15 districts, and 6 families of rice farmers assisted by Tangguh LNG’ CSR. The calculation method uses IPCC 2006 Tier 2. The correction factor used in calculating Bintuni’s GHG is adjusted based on land area, soil type, type of fertilizer, and type of irrigation used. The results show that paddy farming activities by rice farmers assisted by Tangguh LNG CSR produce CH4 of 964.45 kg/year, or CO2 of 20.253,54 kg/year. Fertilization activities on paddy fields produced direct emissions of 1344.51 kg CO2, indirect emissions of 436.97kg CO2, fertilizing activities of paddy fields using NPK produced direct NO2 emissions equivalent to 456.70 kg CO2, and indirect emissions of 148.43 kg CO2. Fertilization activities on plantation land using ZA fertilizer produced direct NO2 emissions of 2969.74 kg CO2 and indirect emissions of 965.165 kg CO2, NO2 emissions from NPK fertilizer produced direct emissions of 6074.467 and indirect emissions of 1974.20 kg CO2. It is necessary to further implement low-emission agricultural activities through fertilization of the right size and selection of rice varieties and low-emission irrigation systems.

Analysis of Input Optimization for Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Production in the Marga Tiga Sub-District East Lampung District

This study aims to ascertain how production inputs affect cassava farming production and examine how to use production inputs as efficiently as possible. The research location was selected because the research area is a center for cassava production. The Cobb-Douglas production function model is an analytical technique used to assess how production inputs affect cassava output. Analyze the level of input utilization optimization at the same time by comparing the marginal product's value to other inputs. The study's variables included land area, labor, seeds, urea-fertilizer, NPK-fertilizer, ZA-fertilizer, SP36-fertilizer, herbicides, and production yields. The result of this research is that production inputs simultaneously influence cassava production. Several production inputs used in cassava farming in Marga Tiga District are still not optimal and need to be added, including land area, organic fertilizer, urea fertilizer, and ZA fertilizer. Meanwhile, several other production inputs, namely labor, seeds, NPK fertilizer, SP 36 fertilizer, and herbicides, are not optimal, so farmers need to reduce them.

THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZER AND AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY SUBSIDIES ON PADDY PRODUCTIVITY: A FEASIBLE GENERALIZED LEAST SQUARES APPROACH

<p><em>Paddy is a commodity that is widely cultivated by farmers in Indonesia. Paddy farmers are currently facing the threat of declining farm productivity due to land conversion activities, access to inputs that are difficult to reach, and climate change. However, productivity can be increased through the use of fertilizer inputs and agricultural machinery. Government support for paddy farmers is provided through input subsidies and agricultural machinery. Therefore, this study explores the effect of input subsidies and agricultural machinery on paddy productivity. We selected 20 provinces with the highest proportion of paddy fields to the total area. Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) analysis is used to determine the effect of subsidies on fertilizers and agricultural machinery on paddy productivity in Indonesia. The results showed that input subsidies were mostly allocated to Java, Sumatra, and Sulawesi islands, while agricultural machinery was allocated more to Sulawesi and Nusa Tenggara islands. FGLS analysis shows that the area of irrigated land, subsidies for urea fertilizer, subsidies for NPK fertilizers, subsidies for ZA fertilizers, and grants for 2-wheel tractors affect increasing paddy productivity. Meanwhile, the effect of increasing temperature causes a decrease in paddy productivity.</em></p>

The Effect of Cultiving Media and N Fertilizer Application on the Growth and Results of Flowering Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.)

Research to study the effect of a good combination of growing media and application of N fertilizer on the growth and yield of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea, L.). The research time was carried out from June 2022 to October 2022 at Raya Village garden, Berastagi District, Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province, with an altitude of 1,300 above sea level with latosol soil type and soil pH 6.8. This research was conducted from June 2022 to October 2022. This research was conducted with a factorial experiment of 3x2 = 6 + 1 controls arranged in a factorial randomized block design (RAK). The first factor was the composition of the planting medium (M), which consisted of 3 treatment levels, namely: Mo: Control (without mixture), M1: Soil + husk charcoal with a volume ratio (1:1), M2: Sand + charcoal husk with a volume ratio (1:1) , M3: Soil + sand + husk charcoal by volume ratio (1:1:1) . The second factor was the dose of ZA (N) fertilizer which consisted of 3 treatment levels, namely: N1 : 50 kg/ha, N2 : 100 kg/ha, N3 : 150 kg/ha . The observed variables were plant height, number of leaves, number of roots, fresh weight of plants, fresh weight of flowers/plant, dry weight of plants, initiation of flowering, flower diameter. Mixing plant media and N fertilizer can increase the growth and yield of cauliflower plants. M3N3 treatment ( Soil + sand + husk charcoal with volume ratio (1:1:1) + Nitrogen fertilizer 150 kg/ha, is the best treatment that can increase growth and yield of cauliflower on the number of roots (7.27 fruit), fresh weight of plants (7.95 g), dry weight of plants (2.69 g), initiation of flowering (6.00 hst), fresh weight of flowers/plant (6.98 g), flower diameter (3.09 mm).

PENGARUH APLIKASI BERBAGAI JENIS PUPUK KANDANG DAN PUPUK ZA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI BAWANG MERAH ( Allium ascalonicum)

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying manure and ZA fertilizer as well as the interaction of manure and ZA fertilizer treatment on the growth and production of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L).Materials and Methods: : This research was conducted in Tunggurono Binjai Timur District, North Sumatra from October 2021 to January 2022. The research design is a Randomized Group Design (RAK) with two factors. The first factor with 4 levels: P0 = No Manure, P1 = Cow manure 272.25 gr, P2 = goat manure 272.25 gr and P 3 = Chicken manure 272.25 gr and the second factor with 4 levels: Z0 = No ZA Fertilizer, Z1 = 2.90 gr/polybag, Z2 = 5.8 gr/polybag and Z3= 11.6 gr/polybag.
 Results: The results showed that the application of manure had a noticeable influence on several parameters at the age of 30 HST. Meanwhile, the ZA fertilizer treatment has an unreal effect on several other parameters and observations. And the interaction of the two has an unreal effect, the best interaction is obtained on the treatment ( P2Z1). Keywords : Organic manure, ZA fertilizer, shallots

The environmental adaptation to production and price risks of cayenne pepper: Learning from the Lombok Island - Indonesia

The environment in which the place of cultivation determines the level of production and income of the farm, but how the behavior of farmers in the use of technology to achieve high levels of productivity and prices of cayenne pepper is something that still is not known. This study aims to find environmental adaptation technologies that can increase the production and price of cayenne pepper in a changing environmental situation. The study used exploratory methods in three villages of the chili production centers that have different altitudes. The unit of analysis in this study is the cayenne pepper crop that was planted in 2020/2021. As respondents, 45 farmers who grow cayenne pepper were randomly chosen. The highest productivity of cayenne was found in the lowlands at 11,133 kg/ha, in the midlands at 10,277 kg/ha, and the lowest in the highlands at 9,400 kg/ha. Cayenne pepper production risk is highest in the highlands at 0.46, in middle lands at 0.42, and lowest in the lowlands at 0.34. For it is part, the price risk is classified as high in the highlands at 0.62, the middle lands at 0.61, and the lowlands at 0.60. The behavior of farmers in coping with agricultural risks is considered a risk-taker. Cayenne pepper agricultural production still has an opportunity to increase by increasing the area of farmland, labor, urea or ZA fertilizers, SP36 fertilizers, and by increasing the ability of farmers to manage agricultural risks.

Synthesis and Modification of Nano-Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) with Addition of Ethylene Glycol

ZA fertilizer waste (Ammonium sulfate) is waste generated from the industrial process of producing ZA fertilizer. The waste contains very high calcium and has the potential to be used as a raw material in the manufacture of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC). PCC with certain qualities can be developed in the field of advanced materials, with size modification into nanoparticles. One method to produce nanoparticles is using the coprecipitation method, with the help of a polymer solution. This study aims to produce Nano-PCC by finding the best conditions of CaCl2: Ethylene Glycol mole ratio and stirring speed. Nano-PCC is synthesized by reacting fertilizer waste with HCl to form a CaCl2 solution. Then, the solution is mixed with ethylene glycol to prevent particle agglomeration so that the size obtained will be smaller. The mixture is then reacted with Na2CO3 to form precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). In this study, the variables were the mole ratio of CaCl2: ethylene glycol (1:12, 1:14, 1:18, 1:20) and stirring speed (350, 500, 650, 800, and 950 rpm). Based on PSA analysis, the Nano-PCC obtained at the smallest CaCl2: ethylene glycol ratio 1:12, stirring speed 950 rpm was 51.83 nm. Based on Scherrer’s calculations with XRD, the particle size obtained was 48.25 nm. SEM analysis showed that the crystals formed were dominated by vaterite crystals, with a size range of 55.71-607.79 nm.

Recovery and Improvement of Cocoa Production With the Use of Nutrients from Chitosan-Tonnage Blending Ash

Cocoa is one of the plantation crops that provide a high economic contribution to Central Sulawesi Province in particular and Indonesia in general and be the main income for local farmers. Cocoa is a non-oil and gas export commodity with high demand, therefore the government has determined cocoa as a strategic commodity that needs to be increased in productivity and developed as a source of income for Indonesia and State of Sulawesi. The purpose of this study was to make chitosan-tonnage blending in the composition of 80%-90% and to characterize it and its optimal ratio to restore soil nutrients, so the plants can be resistant to pests and Vascular Streak Dieback (VSD). Furthermore, cocoa fruit were powdered to become as raw material for bispic products. Chitosan come from chitin, with shrimp as raw material, tonnage was cocoa pods which have been hit by black fruit borers. Cocoa plants come from a less productive farmer area of 1 Ha, located in Rantekala Village, Gumbasa District, SigiBiromaru Regency. The results of this study revealed that of the cocoa fruit diameter which is given nutrient elements from chitosan-blending ashesat fruit age ± 6 weeks was 23 cm, compared with the cocoa fruit diameter that only given ZA / NPK fertilizer was 14.5 cm at the age of 7 weeks. The length of the cocoa fruit that was given nutrient elements from chitosan-blending ash blending at ± 6 weeks fruit age was 28 cm, while the cocoa fruit that was given ZA fertilizer only was 21 cm in length at 7 weeks. The production of cocoa beans which were given nutrient elements with chitosan-tonnage blending ashes increased by 60% compared to those that were only given ZA fertilizer. The conclusion from this study was the nutrients from chitosan-tonnage blending ash could be increase the size of the cocoa fruit around 37% for diameters and 27% for lengths greater than those given with ZA fertilizer.

The Allocative Efficiency Analysis in the Rice Farming Production

The study aimed to analyze the effect of the application of production inputs on rice farming production and to analyze the allocative efficiency. The study was conducted in Bantaeng Regency. The primary data employed were collected from 36 farmers who owned 82 rice fields in total. The FPCD Model and AE Analysis were applied for the data analysis. The model showed that there were five variables (land area, seeds, ZA fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and labor) had positive and significant effects on the rice farming production. Meanwhile, the result of EA Analysis showed that the variable of land area, seeds, and ZA fertilizer had not been efficient yet and the labor was not efficient. In increasing the rice farming production, the farmers are encouraged to cultivate more rice fields, apply for more certified seeds, ZA and NPK fertilizers, as well as reduce the number of labors used for production’s efficiency.

Comparison of Preferences and Risk Levels of Shallot (Allium ascallonicum L.) Farming in the Highlands and Mediumlands

Shallots are one of the horticultural commodities which are the same as other commodities. This study aims to find out the comparison of the level of business risk and farmers' preferences for risk in the highlands represented by Purworejo Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency and in the medium plains represented by Tawangargo Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. This research was determined by purposive sampling using simple random sampling method using 66 samples of shallot farmers. Analysis of the data used is farming analysis, analysis of production factors of cobb-douglass, analysis of coefficient of variation (CV) and Likert scale. Based on the results of this study indicate that the production factors that significantly influence the shallot farming are seeds, NPK fertilizers, ZA fertilizers, and labor. While the level of risk of farming in the highlands, namely Purworejo Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency, is lower than the level of risk in the Medium plains, namely Tawangargo Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. In addition, farmers' preferences for sources of risk in the highlands tend to be more daring to face risks, while the preferences of farmers in the lowlands are more neutral in facing risks.

PENGARUH ABU SEKAM PADI DAN PUPUK ZA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN CABAI RAWIT (Capsicum frutescens L.)

The decline in cayenne pepper crop production is partly due to low soil fertility. Efforts to increase crop production can be done by applying rice husk ash as a soil reformer combined with ZA fertilizer, so that plant nutrient needs are fulfilled. This study aims to determine the effect of applying rice husk ash and ZA fertilizer and their interactions on the growth and yield of cayenne pepper plants and to determine the dose of husk ash and ZA fertilizer that is suitable for the growth of cayenne pepper plants. This research was carried out in North Huntu Village, South Bulango District, Bone Bolango Regency, for four months starting from June to September 2021. This research use Factorial Group Randomized Design which consists of 2 factors. The first factor is rice husk ash which consists of three levels, namely 40, 50, and 60 g plant-1. The second one is ZA fertilizer with 3 levels, namely 10, 20, and 30 g plant-1. The observed parameters include plant height, number of productive branches, the weight of fruits, and the number of fruits. The data analysis uses analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a 5% BNT test. The results showed that rice husk ash and ZA fertilizer affected the growth and yield of cayenne pepper plants. The best results are obtained with the application of husk ash at a dose of 60 g plant-1 and ZA fertilizer at 30 g plant-1.Keywords: Rice husk ash, ZA fertilizer, cayenne pepper