As a sooner or later risk, antimicrobial resistance due to the overuse of antibiotics is considered a nightmare facing humankind. The visible-light mineralization of antibiotic waste over nanoceramic photocatalysts is an innovative expectant method. Concerning this, nanostructured yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) is grown via an adapted sol-gel process tracked by loading of 1.0∼4.0 wt.% of silver oxide (Ag2O) to form heterojunction nanocomposite of Ag2O/YVO4. The as-prepared heterostructures were applied for visible-light photoelimination of ciprofloxacin (CF) in water. The presence of Ag2O has enhanced both light absorbance and photogenerated carrier separation of YVO4. The 3.0 to 4.0 wt.% loading of Ag2O designated the thinnest bandgap of 2.4 eV regardless of the minor decrease in their specific surface areas from 220 in bare YVO4 to 168 m2 g‒1 for 3.0% Ag2O/YVO4. The complete mineralization of CF over 3.0% Ag2O/YVO4 was achieved after 60 min of light illumination at an optimized dose of 1.6 mg mL‒1 and a reaction rate constant of 5.41×10‒2 min–1. This improved photocatalyst has also a recyclable ability of ∼95% of its initial photoactivity after the fifth experimental run. Therefore, the augmented light harvesting, surface texture, as well as superb carrier separation represent a key role in the performance of Ag2O/YVO4.