Youth In Bosnia Research Articles

Disability Weights and Years Lived with Disability of Depression with and Without Suicidality.

Globally, depression is a silent epidemic, and more than 350 million people suffer from depression. For a long time, the belief prevailed that children and young people cannot suffer from depressive disorders, and depression is slowly becoming one of the leading health problems among the young population. This research aims to determine the mental health disorders burden attributed to depression, anxiousness, and fear with and without suicidal ideation among youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina. A prospective cross-sectional study was performed as screening of depression by Hamilton standardized screening instrument from May 3, 2018, to April 4, 2019, among young people, students in secondary schools, and the Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Faculty of the University of Tuzla in the most populous Tuzla Canton in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In achieving the research goals, we expressed the burden attributed to depression with and without suicidality, anxiousness, and fear as Disability Weight (DW) and Years Lived with Disability (YLD). For the population level, YLD was calculated by multiplying DW by the prevalence rate of depression, anxiousness, and fear per thousand of the population (YLD= DW x prevalence/1000), and DW was adjusted for suicidality. The participants' ages ranged from 16 to 24 years, with a mean of 20,6 ± 1,9 years. The Body mass index (BMI) of 21,9 ± 2,7 is the recommended reference value of 18.5-24.9 kg/m2. The depression score of all participants ranged from 0 to 32 with a mean of 7.4± 6.3, which for our population of respondents at the sample level implies entry into the zone of presence of depressive symptoms. Descriptive statistics and differences per gender in sociodemographic variables (age, education state, and secure monthly existence); and modified factors attributed to satisfaction needs (life satisfaction, hope for the future, support from person of influence). Most participants belong to the age group 19-21 years, 71,44% (n=180), and the same 14,28% (n=36) other age groups (16-18 and 22-24 years), and sixty-two percent of participants are university students, and twenty percent are university failures. Based on our findings, the very high burden of depression in Bosnia and Herzegovina was found greatly not recognized and unsolved problem among the young population aged 16-24 years. Recognizing and screening depression in young people is the first step to prevention.

Drivers of radicalisation of youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

The emerging literature on migration and security is predominantly focused on the threats that migration movements may have to the security in destination countries. This article shifts the focus to a migrant’s sending country and explores different socio-economic factors that could be associated with the process of radicalisation and the development of violent extremism among youth there. We use survey data collected from a sample of 4,500 young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B.i.H.) by USAID MEASURE-B.i.H. An index of radicalisation is constructed and used as a dependent variable. It is based on Bhui et al. and measures sympathies for violent protest and terrorism. It is regressed on a set of demographic characteristics, migration experience and social behaviour. The model was estimated by ordinary least squares (O.L.S.) with the index as a continuous dependent variable. The findings suggest that a range of factors including demographic characteristics, location, employment status, income, practicing of religion, and civic and political activism are associated with a degree of sympathy for violent extremism among youth in B.i.H. These results should provide useful insights into the relationship between the drivers and extremism, which then should help institutions to design more effective preventative and countering measures.

Latent class analysis of ‘good citizenship’ forms among youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Using a person-centred statistical approach (latent class analysis) this study aims to categorise young citizens in Bosnia and Herzegovina according to their citizenship norms, level of trust in institutions and propensity toward political gender stereotyping. We employed the data from The National Survey of Citizens’ Perceptions in Bosnia and Herzegovina (NSCP-B&H) 2017, which documents the civic attitudes of a nationally representative sample of adults (18+) from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since this study focuses on the youth, we extracted a sub-sample of 831 young individuals born between 1987 and 2001. Applying latent class analysis, we derived two distinct classes of young citizens with a unique set of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviours related to the role of citizens in modern societies, namely ‘enthusiastic citizens’ and ‘outsiders’. The findings offer valuable insights for policy-makers about the design and implementation of measures that aims to foster active citizenship in the laggard transitional economy. Also, it advances the research agenda on citizenship norms beyond the Western European context.

Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) among youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina — Scale and selected mechanisms

Internet addiction takes on different forms and is an important issue for diagnostic and preventive reasons. This paper sets out to diagnose the scale of problematic use of Internet (PIU) in the context of symptoms and mechanisms of FOMO (Fear of Missing Out). For this purpose, triangulation of the following research tools was applied: Social Media Intensity Scale, Fear of Missing Out Scale, Summary of Social Media Use, Social Media Usage Urges, the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale. To picture the scale of FOMO and accompanying PIU behaviors, data from 717 students in Sarajevo and Mostar cantons (Bosnia and Herzegovina) were collected. The research was conducted in 2nd half of 2017. Based on this data, we can see that about 20% of young respondents (average age of 13 years) show several FOMO symptoms, whereas another 30% belong are at risk of being addicted to Internet. The remaining 50% of students are not at risk of IAT. These criteria vary due to lack of unified tools to measure FOMO. However, it has been observed that FOMO is minimized by some forms of leisure activity and does not depend on gender.

How Digital Anxieties Are Shaping the Next Generation's Mental Health.

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social NetworkingVol. 20, No. 11 EditorialHow Digital Anxieties Are Shaping the Next Generation's Mental HealthBrenda K. WiederholdBrenda K. WiederholdSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Nov 2017https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.29089.bkwAboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View article"How Digital Anxieties Are Shaping the Next Generation's Mental Health." Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20(11), p. 661FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byInfluence of Technology on Student’s Integrated Learning for Effective Well-Being in Developing Countries14 February 2022Digitalisation anxiety: development and validation of a new scale29 November 2021 | Discover Mental Health, Vol. 1, No. 1Fear of Missing Out and Consumer Happiness on Instagram: A Serial Mediation of Social Media Influencer-Related Activities Jung Ah Lee, Laura F. Bright, and Matthew S. Eastin10 November 2021 | Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, Vol. 24, No. 11Beyond smart tourism cities – towards a new generation of “wise” tourism destinations18 April 2020 | Journal of Tourism Futures, Vol. 7, No. 2Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) among youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina — Scale and selected mechanismsChildren and Youth Services Review, Vol. 88 Volume 20Issue 11Nov 2017 InformationCopyright 2017, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.To cite this article:Brenda K. Wiederhold.How Digital Anxieties Are Shaping the Next Generation's Mental Health.Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking.Nov 2017.661-661.http://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2017.29089.bkwPublished in Volume: 20 Issue 11: November 1, 2017PDF download

Knowledge, attitudes and practices among the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina relevant for reproductive health

Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the sexual behavior, attitudes and knowledge on contraception, sexually transmitted infections and reproductive health among the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Material and Methods. A prospective study included a sample of 6.000 subjects, aged 19-24, of both sexes, investigating the sexual behavior of the youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period 2007 - 2009. Results. Of the interviewed examinees, 61% were sexually active, of which 56.4% had sexual intercourse with one partner (z = 28.51; p < 0.001). The average age of sexarche was significantly lower in males 17.34 ? 1.77 years, than in females 18.20 ? 1.84 years (z = -14.44; p < 0.001). Contraception was used by 67.6% at first intercourse, and by 70.4% at the last intercourse. The most common method of contraception was male condom (74%), coitus interruptus (11.1%), and oral hormonal contraceptives (14.9%). The examined subjects had inadequate knowledge (51.6%) about contraceptive methods, and it was significantly higher in males (64.6%) than in females (42.2%) (z = 10.17; p < 0.001). Some 4.9% of the sexually active females had intentional abortions. Up to 51.7% of females had never had a pelvic examination, and Pap test was done by 37.2%. The examinees obtained information about contraception and sexually transmitted infections from peers 50.7% and parents 9.7%. Only 28% of females had a positive attitude towards oral hormonal contraceptives. Conclusion. The interviewed young people in Bosnia and Herzegovina keep traditional sexual behavior patterns, attitudes and practices. However, more effort should be put into the improvement of knowledge on contraception, sexually transmitted infections, and healthcare protection.

'Misconceptions' about terrorism of Young Bosnians

The politicization of the study of the First World War is noticeable in the non-scientific, politically directed and intoned historiography, journalism and public speaking. Politically motivated reasoning, in addition to their commercial interests, has motivated media to promote the 'revision' of the history of the European War in 1914. In this context Serbia and Russia were accused of organizing the Sarajevo assassination (28/6/1914) and therefore attributed the responsibility for the war. In addition, Young Bosnia was featured as a terrorist organization, such as Al Qaeda. The article explains that Young Bosnia was not a political organization or movement, and that it is pointless to write about terrorism. Serbian youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina was extremely anti-Austrian-minded. Their ideals were focused on national liberation: liberation and unification of Serbs, South Slavs, for which Austria-Hungary was an obstacle. Sarajevo assassination was a classic example of tyrannicide 'for the common good.' Young Bosnia was just a state of mind - ideals that were realized with the collapse of the Austria-Hungary.

P-284 - Assessing post-war problems among youth in bosnia & serbia

The Balkan wars of 1991–2002 had its greatest impact on the greater Sarajevo area in Bosnia-Herzegovina prior to the Dayton Accord and in the Pancevo region during the March to June NATO bombing attacks in 1999. An unresolved problem surrounding these events is the fact that sectarianism remains as much a problem today as it did during the conflict itself. The 70th Rose-Roth Seminar at the NATO Parliamentary Assembly in 2009 noted that sectarianism among Bosniaks, Bosnian Croat Catholics and Orthodox Serbs is being reinforced by both parents and schools with youth today being “more provincial than their parents.”Our study measues the extent of youth issues among these populations using a Slavic-language version of the “Problem-Oriented Screening Instrument (POSIT) as a comparative measure of ten items: Substance Use/Abuse; Physical Health; Mental Health; Family Relations; Peer Relations; Educational Status; Vocational Status; Social Skills; Leisure & Recreation; and Aggressive Behavior/Delinguency. In 2010/2011 we administered the POSIT to the Croatian Catholic School in Kiseljak; the RS High School in East Sarajevo; the Persian Bosnian College (high school) in Sarajevo and the High School of Mechanical Engineering in Pancevo, Serbia. The data articluates the significance of mental health and social problems among these youth.

Protective Effects of Parental Monitoring on Offending in Victimized Youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Empirical and conceptual literature in the United States and Western Europe provides robust evidence of victimization as a risk factor for juvenile offending and parental monitoring as a protective factor. The current study examines relationships among victimization, monitoring, and offending using a sample of youth from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Findings indicate monitoring has a protective effect, victimization increases risk, monitoring level moderates the effect of victimization on offending, and moderation effects vary by age and gender. Discussion of findings identifies implications for efforts in BiH to develop a comprehensive strategy for preventing and responding to juvenile offending.

Effectiveness of a Trauma/Grief–Focused Group Intervention: A Qualitative Study with War–Exposed Bosnian Adolescents

The effectiveness and impacts of a school–based, trauma/grief-focused group treatment program for war-exposed youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina were investigated using semistructured focus groups, conducted separately for students and their school counselor group leaders. Overall, students’ and leaders’ evaluations of the groups were generally positive. General themes of outcomes and impacts perceived by students and group leaders include: acquisition of coping skills and attitudes, willingness to advocate for peers, improved interpersonal relationships, negative impacts, general positive impacts, impacts in the schools, impacts on the group and logistics of the program, and broader impacts on the perception of mental health in the community. The broad positive impacts of this program suggest that trauma/grief-focused group treatment intervention programs targeting trauma–exposed youth may be effective on multiple levels with war-exposed youth and their communities.

Participatory Action Research with Youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

SUMMARY Sparked by a global UNICEF initiative, Bosnia and Herzegovina launched a participatory action research process in which 75 young people in three towns explored local understandings, needs, and actions about HIV/AIDS, drug use, human rights, and other issues. This article chronicles the research process, the action recommendations generated by young people, and the current status of the project. It reflects on the commitments and efforts which are required when large, adult-directed organizations decide to promote youth participation, and on the institutional changes necessary to support sustained youth participation that benefits ordinary youth rather than a selected few.

Ethnic stereotypes among Bosniak and Serbian youth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

This research, which used a sample of 407 members of both Bosniak and Serb nationality in Sarajevo and Banja Luka, analyzes the structure and content of ethnic stereotypes of Bosnia and Herzegovina's youth. The results reveal significant negative stereotypes of Bosniak and Serb youth toward one another, but also show conspicuous similarities regarding their stereotypes toward other ethnic groups. The concluding remarks set forth theoretical and pragmatic consequences of the results obtained. It can be concluded that people are clearly divided into groups based on the ethnicity criterion. This, substantiated by the earlier history of conflict, creates perceptions and assessments saturated by negative attributes, and can lead to potential conflicts in future. The research suggests that possible solution lies in a conflict resolution education, greater interethnic communication.

Return of the Citizen: A Survey of Recent Work on Citizenship Theory

There has been an explosion of interest in the concept of citizenship among political theorists. In 1978, it could be confidently stated that "the concept of citizenship has gone out of fashion among political thinkers" (van Gunsteren 1978, p. 9). Fifteen years later, citizenship has become the "buzz word" among thinkers on all points of the political spectrum (Heater 1990, p. 293; Vogel and Moran 1991, p. x). There are a number of reasons for this renewed interest in citizenship in the 1990s. At the level of theory, it is a natural evolution in political discourse because the concept of citizenship seems to integrate the demands ofjustice and community membership-the central concepts of political philosophy in the 1970s and 1980s, respectively. Citizenship is intimately linked to ideas of individual entitlement on the one hand and of attachment to a particular community on the other. Thus it may help clarify what is really at stake in the debate between liberals and communitarians. Interest in citizenship has also been sparked by a number of recent political events and trends throughout the world-increasing voter apathy and long-term welfare dependency in the United States, the resurgence of nationalist movements in Eastern Europe, the stresses created by an increasingly multicultural and multiracial population in Western Europe, the backlash against the welfare state in Thatcher's England, the failure of environmental policies that rely on voluntary citizen cooperation, and so forth. These events have made clear that the health and stability of a modern democracy depends, not only on the justice of its 'basic structure' but also on the qualities and attitudes of its citizens:' for example,