Younger Spouses Research Articles

Young Spouses' Experiences of Having a Partner With Heart Disease and Adolescents Living at Home.

To describe the life situation of spouses having a partner with heart disease and adolescents living at home. Qualitative inductive design. Participants (n = 22) were included from three Scandinavian countries. Semi-structured interviews were analysed using thematic analysis with an inductive and latent approach. Three themes were derived. 'Being in spousal and parental role transition' described how daily life had been affected and parental responsibilities had been doubled due to their partner's heart disease. 'Living with unpredictability and insecurity' included how the unpredictable illness trajectory caused worries and affected the well-being of the family. 'Managing a challenging life situation' highlights how spouses coped with their partners' heart disease and adapted to a new life situation. Young spouses' life situation was greatly affected by their partner's heart disease, resulting in increased responsibilities and double parenthood. Having a positive attitude and mindset towards life was used as a strategy to cope with the changed life situation and find a new way of life. All family members are affected by heart disease. Spouses needed additional professional support and guidance on how to involve the children when a parent is ill. This study highlights how young spouses, with adolescents living at home, experience their life situation. The life situation is unpredictable due to the partner's heart disease, as they must handle both caring for their partner and taking on double parenthood. Research involving family members can improve person- and family-centred care and treatment outcomes in health care and society. COREQ checklist was used preparing the manuscript. Data collection included interviews with spouse. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER CONTRIBUTE TO THE WIDER GLOBAL CLINICAL COMMUNITY?: By highlighting the spouses changed life situation due to heart disease and the importance of including them in health care.

REDUCING POVERTY AMONG LARGE FAMILIES: DIRECTIONS OF RUSSIAN STATE POLICY

Analysis of modern policies in the field of support for large families and its effectiveness is key to the development of further strategies and programs in order to ensure decent living conditions for these families and reduce poverty. Considering the importance of the family for social development and the demographic situation, the fight against poverty among large families is becoming a strategic priority of state policy. The purpose of the research work was to analyze modern Russian state policy to support large families. The study reflects a number of socio-economic aspects, such as the reproductive attitudes of young spouses, the demographic situation, updated support programs and social measures, assessment of the effectiveness and problems of existing support measures. The study revealed that existing measures to support large families in Russia, although implemented, still do not ensure the complete elimination of income inequality and poverty among these families. The low level of financial security remains the main problem hampering the life and development of large families. The main findings and recommendations of the study emphasized the need to improve social programs and support measures, and also proposed specific steps to improve the situation of large families in society. Further research and improvement of measures of social support for large families require an integrated approach and joint efforts of the state, public institutions and the active participation of the family itself. Important areas for improving the situation of large families are increasing income, access to education, employment support, housing and infrastructure development for families with children.

An investigation into causes of domestic violence among young spouses in Mabvuku, Harare, Zimbabwe

An investigation into causes of domestic violence among young spouses in Mabvuku, Harare, Zimbabwe

Gendered Interaction and Practices of Intimacy Among Emirati Young Spouses: Exploring the Experiences of Wives

This study aims to explore the practices of intimacy among Emirati spouses in a society where gender discrimination persistently governs the private space of family relationships. Participants include 41 young Emirati working wives aged 24–30 who have jobs and are enrolled in graduate studies and research degrees (PhD and MA). In-depth interviews were used to collect data. Line-by-line coding, thematic coding, and constant comparison method were employed to analyze and interpret data. Analyses revealed seven interrelated categories associated with the gendered practices of intimacy. They were influenced by factors such as the wives’ status, the gap of age, and the wives’ religiosity. These themes are suppressed self-disclosure, restricted self-disclosure of wives, not sharing responsibilities, not sharing time, unequal mutual reciprocity, not solving problems, and not thinking together. Narratives highlighted gendered interaction and low quality of intimacy between spouses. The findings of this study show that empowering women in the public sphere has not impacted their position in the patriarchal structure of the family, which is reproduced by traditions and religious interpretations. This study’s findings can inform social policymakers aiming at bridging empowerment between the public and private spheres.

SPOUSES’ COMPATIBILITY AND SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION IN A YOUNG ARMENIAN FAMILY

The article discusses the issue of spouse compatibility and social-psychological adjustment in young Armenian families, which, on the one hand, relies on positive feelings, emotionality, on the other hand, on the agreement of various demands (sexual, material, spiritual), including interests, opinions, views, on the value system established in the family. Aspects of psychological compatibility of couples are also presented. The discussion of the mentioned aspects reveals the supremacy of the compatibility of values ​​and their conformity in Armenian families, which ensures the mutual understanding and coexistence of young spouses. As a result of the conducted research, one of the main areas of joint life in Armenian families was revealed, that is the conformity of the value system of young spouses, which we presented in the form of a hierarchical system. The classification model of socio-psychological adjustment features of spouses in young Armenian families has also been developed. Hence, the analyzes and studies done on the issue determine the novelty of the article.

Молодая семья в регионе: теория, практика и проблемы семейной политики

The results of a sociological study conducted in Saratov show that the modern young family is transitional from the first traditional type to the second, partner. Its life is characterized by the lengthening of the marital period, a variety of leisure activities, the traditional distribution of duties, limited material opportunities, help from parents, a high level of conflict. Despite the low awareness of measures to support young families, the majority of respondents are aware of the need to create special programs aimed at comprehensive support of young families. According to young spouses, these projects should be aimed at solving the housing problem, promoting employment, social and psychological education of young families. The priority direction of the state family policy of the Russian Federation is strengthening the institution of the young family and overcoming its disadvantages. The state, acting as a partner of a young family, is called upon to actively participate in the process of its adaptation to various living conditions and constantly adjust these conditions based on the interests of the family itself. Family policy consists in providing the necessary conditions for the stabilization of a young family: it unites the interests of all families, forms a favorable socio-cultural environment for their lifes, harmonizes both intra-family relations and the relationship between the family, the state and society.

Ценность первого зарегистрированного брака как детерминанта благополучной молодой семьи: социологический анализ

Despite significant changes in the marital behavior of Russians associated with an increase in the age of marriage, refusal to marry in general, the spread of loyalty to various models of marital relations, the value of the family in a person's life, especially in the post-pandemic period, remains very significant. In this regard, the author's position is interesting, which is determined by the conviction that under the conditions of the lockdown and subsequent anti-pandemic measures, the issues of preserving the institution of a multigenerational Russian family have become more acute. Attention is also drawn to the value of the first registered marriage in the life of Russian youth, which is very significant due to the growing role of traditional family values responsible for the preservation of the genetic and cultural identity of society. The article presents the results of a qualitative study conducted in 2021 as part of the second stage of the All-Russian sociological survey "Demographic well-being of the regions of Russia". The aim of the study is to characterize the characteristics of the marital behavior of young spouses and to identify the meaning of family well-being for this category of the population. The sample consisted of 50 in-depth interviews with representatives of young families, equally represented by gender and regions participating in the study, who are officially married, without children. It was revealed that the strategy of cohabitation only after the registration of marriage is due to education, including religion. Those who practiced "trial marriage" differ primarily in duration. As a rule, a short cohabitation before the registration of a relationship is associated with internal disapproval of cohabitation, orientation towards a family lifestyle. Long-term premarital relationships are often linked to living with parents; marriage was concluded after separation from the parental family. Satisfaction with marriage is associated with the improvement of life in terms of a variety of leisure activities, the emergence of a sense of responsibility and maturity, and a sense of support from the spouse. Of great importance in the formation of marriage, family and reproductive attitudes are family relationships and a positive pattern of relations between parents, as well as close relatives (grandparents). In relation to the definition of the concept of well-being, there is a noticeable differentiation of opinions into three groups: the first – exclusively linking well-being with material support, the second – with material categories (respect, mutual assistance, mutual understanding, love, family happiness, the moral character of parents, the presence and upbringing of children) and the third that combines these meanings. The semantic analysis of the texts of transcripts of in-depth interviews made it possible to identify the criteria and signs of the well-being of a modern Russian young family.

Early Childhood in Today’s Family. The Christian Landmarks in the Lives of Our Children

"Early childhood represents the most important developmental period. Parents are nowadays confronted with serious challenges in their educational strivings. Many young spouses choose to learn about child psychology to overcome the difficulties raised by a baby’s presence. Christian parents delineate their educational efforts by taking into consideration God’s commandments. Prayer and patience are combined so that a loving dialogue conducts all the family interactions. Pre-schoolers are extremely attentive to what their parents do every day. Their kind gestures and words form the child’s personality. Participation in the liturgical program of a church proves the authentic faith of the parents. Accustomed to the intense atmosphere of a dynamic ecclesial community, the Christian children are taught how to use theological teaching in their daily life. They learn important rules and limits about emotional reactions, expressing compassion, and loving their family, friends, and even strangers. The model provided by mum and dad always had a formative effect. Christian parents instil in their children the willingness to follow love, faith, and trust as the main virtues that a human being can hope for. Keywords: loving parents, self-control, emotional balance, prayer, compassionate hearts. "

МОДЕЛИ РОДИТЕЛЬСКОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ КАК ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ЗДОРОВЬЯ МОЛОДОЙ СЕМЬИ

Within the framework of this article, the authors of the work consider models of parental behavior from the point of view of a factor influencing the social health of a young family. The analysis carried out by the authors made it possible to assess the indicators of the social health of young spouses in Russia. According to the authors of the article, the social health of spouses is a set of indicators: well-being, recorded both in marital and child-parent relationships, as well as a set of family values. The authors of the work argue that at present there are many factors that affect the fact that young families do not effectively perform their functions, which negatively affects the life of new generations. Based on the existing problems, the developed methods of working with young families should be aimed at the social security of spouses.

Расторжение брака в постковидный период: причины и последствия

The article is devoted to the study of the main trends in divorce rates in three subjects of the Russian Federation (Moscow, Saratov and Chelyabinsk regions) for the period of 2011–2019, taking into account a number of socio-demographic indicators: gender, age, duration of marriage, number of children in the family and the place of residence (city / village). The main reasons for divorce in all studied regions of Russia were the violation of interpersonal relations (alcoholism / drug addiction of the spouse; conflicts and lack of mutual understanding; treason; domestic violence), economic (poverty; unemployment) and social factors (career ambitions of women, including labor migration; housing problems; interference of relatives in the family life of young spouses). It is concluded that the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 has had a negative impact on marital and family relations, aggravating socio-demographic problems, both in Russia and in most countries of the world.

Independent associations of inter-spousal gaps in age and education with long-term mortality and cancer survival: The Jerusalem Perinatal Study 1964–2016

To identify factors responsible for variation in health among married individuals, we investigated the independent associations of gaps in spousal age and education (or "heterogamy") with all-cause and cause-specific mortality as well as with survival of cancer patients. Using over four decades of follow-up data on 36,717 couples from Jerusalem (1964-2016), we compared heterogamous with homogamous couples. Having a less educated spouse was associated with an increased risk for several outcomes in both genders, such as all-cause mortality in males (hazard ratio [HR]=1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12, 1.25) and in females (HR=1.11, CI: 1.01, 1.22). Having a more educated spouse was associated with decreased all-cause mortality in males (HR=0.93, CI: 0.87, 0.99), but not in females. Having an older spouse was detrimental for health of both genders. For example, increased all-cause mortality was seen in men (HR=1.22, CI: 1.10, 1.34) and in women (HR=1.10, CI: 1.02, 1.19). A younger spouse was beneficial for some of the outcomes in males, such as decreased cancer-specific mortality (HR=0.88, CI: 0.78, 0.99), but not in females. Spousal gaps in education and age may be independently associated with health outcomes. The observed relationships may be driven by combined amounts of marital strain as well as shared spousal resources (such as knowledge or income) depending on gender.

The image of a secular young man in light comedy of the late XVIII – early XIX centuries

The subject of this research the comedies “Secular Event” (1826), "The Talker" (1817) by N. I. Khmelnitsky, "The Heiress" (1824) by A. I. Pisarev, "Young Spouses" (1815) by A. S. Griboyedov, and “Feigned Infidelity” (1818) co-authored by A. S. Griboyedov and A. A. Zhandra. The goal lies in revealing the traits of a secular young man reflected in light comedy of the late XVIII – early XIX centuries. The research employs the following methods: 1) motivic analysis for determining the main motivation of the hero; 2) cultural-historical for establishing correlation between the literary tradition (image of a secular young man) and the real historical type. The novelty consists in the fact that this article is first to analyze light comedy of the late XVIII – early XIX century for the purpose of revealing the traits characteristic to a secular young man. It is established that the embodiment of the image of a secular young man is characterized with the motif of “the fictitious and the true”.  The hero is most interested in his own gain. He is willing to comply with the rules of the secular game in order to maintain the external decency. In the work of "Young Spouses" by A. S. Griboyedov, Arist in his reasoning comes to justification of infidelity, considering it a secular norm. Therefore, the hero of the salon comedy pursues his goals by means of deception, justifying it by the norms the privileged circles.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF FAMILY ENVIRONMENT ON THE FORMATION OF RELATIONSHIPS IN YOUNG MARRIAGE

The article deals with the peculiarities of parents’ and close relatives’ influence on young spouses’ relationships. We emphasized, that family happiness of the young people begins much earlier, namely from the parental family. We considered that the influence of our own family occupies the most important place in the formation of family values. We analyzed interpersonal relationships between generations, as well as the peculiarities of marital relations of respondents, living with their parents. The analysis of spouses’ marriage satisfaction in the parent-controlled environment and without it has been done. The results showed that young spouses living with their parents are less adaptable to each other, they remain not independent for a longer period and are less adapted to family life. It has been determined that the satisfaction of a married couple living separately from their parents is significantly higher than that of those, who live together with parents. At the same time, the gender aspect of dissatisfaction with marriage is researched. The results of the study can be successfully used in the psychology practice to provide psychological assistance aimed at preparing young people for the future family life, enhancing the role of family values, as well as help married couples that experienced some aspects of dissatisfaction with family life.

Підготовка педагогів закладу загальної середньої освіти до формування у старшокласників готовності до відповідального батьківства

The article highlights the essence, structural components, as well as pedagogical conditions for the formation of readiness for responsible parenthood among high school students of general secondary education institutions. The readiness of high school students for responsible parenthood is considered as a psychological phenomenon that covers an integral set of certain characteristics inherent in high school students as future parents in accordance with the norms, standards, requirements generally accepted in society, which ensure in the future the ability to consciously plan future married life and the birth of children, as well as a conscious manifestation of responsibility for the child and the effective performance of marital and parental roles. Structural components of this concept are knowledge about parental roles, their functions, responsibilities, ways of interaction between young spouses and with the future child; the presence of empathic ability, a positive attitude to future family’s new responsibilities, the desire to consciously and responsibly identify marital and parental feelings; the presence of elementary everyday skills necessary for future married life, and so on. Special attention is paid to highlighting the ways of preparing teachers of general secondary education institutions for the formation of readiness for responsible parenthood among high school students as one of the pedagogical conditions that can ensure that high school students reach the necessary level of formation of the outlined phenomenon. One of the key elements of achieving a high level of education of schoolchildren, in particular the formation of readiness for responsible parenthood among high school students, is a positive image of a teacher, which determines the desire of high school students to master family values and the effectiveness of this process. The success of a teacher’s work largely depends on qualities of a «teacher of the future», who sees each child as an independent person who is constantly changing, developing, has the right to self-affirmation, and so on. In order to provide classroom teachers, school psychologists and social workers with the necessary competencies in the theory and methodology of forming the outlined phenomenon in high school students, a program of pedagogical support for teachers was developed. Main stages of working with teachers of general secondary education institutions are considered, namely: organizational and analytical, informational, practical, evaluative and effective. As a part of the implementation of the program, various forms of work with teachers and the use of innovative methods of teaching adults are provided. The most appropriate, in educational terms, means of working with teachers were reflexive and emotionally rich forms and methods. For this purpose various technologies of communication with teachers for practical solutions to the problems of forming the readiness of high school students for responsible parenthood were used, the use of such technologies in working with students and parents was recommended.

Sociological analysis of a modern young family's problems

The article examines the problems that young families face today on the basis of the theoretical analysis and analysis of empirical data. The relevance of the scientific research is due, firstly, to demographic processes associated, among other things, with a high level of divorces, and secondly, the crisis of the traditional form of a family, the transformation of the system of spiritual and social values, the formation of attitudes towards egocentrism and consumerism. The purpose of the research to identify and characterize the problems of a modern young family. The object of the research is a young family, the subject is the problems of a modern young family. During the study, the method of questionnaire [n=120] and expert survey has been used. Experts from the Orlovsky Crisis Center in the city of Orel (10 people) acted as experts. The study has showed that some of the problems faced by a modern young family are objective, others are objective-subjective. The authors have identified four groups of problems of a young family: the first group consists of problems conditioned by financial situation of a family, the second - problems of a communicative nature, the third - socio-psychological problems and the fourth - problems associated with the personal characteristics of young spouses. The authors note that spiritual and moral education, which includes the formation of family values, is a basic condition for preserving not only a young family, but also the family as a social institution.

Family-of-origin ties and relationships and how they affect dealing with one’s own marital conflicts

There is a common belief that the family of origin is important for the development and acquisition of psychosocial skills necessary to carry out various life tasks by all members of the family. This is confirmed by familiologists and their research on generational transmission process, based on psychological learning mechanisms: observation, imitation, modelling and identification. This article analyzes the relationship between the quality of ties and relationships in the family of origin and the methods of coping with conflicts in one's own marriage in adulthood. A study including 250 couples of young spouses was conducted in order to determine to what extent the properties of generational family, measured with the family rating scales based on David H. Olson's Circular Model, are related to the frequency of conflicts in their marriages, what the course of such conflicts is and what effects they have on the quality of the mutual marital relationship. The results obtained confirmed that there is a relationship between coherence, flexibility, the quality of communication in the family of origin as well as the level of one’s satisfaction with growing up in these families and the ways of coping with conflicts in one's own marriages in adulthood. In this way, the results show that the process of generational transmission in the families of the respondents indeed took place.

Качество межличностных отношений и удовлетворенность браком молодых людей

Objective. Analysis of the relationship between the assessment of interpersonal relations and satisfaction with marriage among young spouses in an official and civil marriage. Background. Against the background of the growing number of divorces, the need to analyze and understand the factors associated with marriage satisfaction among nowday’s youth is increasing in order to develop programs for overcoming difficulties in communication and maintaining relationships. Study design. The work examined the relationship between interpersonal relationships and marital satisfaction. The presence and nature of the relationship was checked through correlation, regression, factor analysis and automatic modeling (SPSS). The survey was conducted individually or in a group before the start of the pandemic. Participants. 108 young spouses, of which 30 couples, 48 respondents took part without their partners (44.44% of boys, 55.56% of girls) from 20 to 35 years old (M=28.6; SD=2.83). Measurements. Marriage Satisfaction Test Questionnaire (MAR); test questionnaire “Analysis of family anxiety” (ACT); Russian-language versions of the questionnaire “Scale of love and sympathy” and methods of researching partnerships Partnership Questionnaire (PFB); PEA questionnaire to identify the level of understanding, emotional attractiveness and authority (respect) of partners in marriage. Results. A complex system of relationships was revealed between the types of relationships between partners, indicators of family anxiety and satisfaction with marriage. Satisfaction with marriage increases in case of manifestation of love and sympathy in interpersonal relationships, experiences of emotional attraction between partners, respect and rare use of conflict behavior. Predictors of marital satisfaction have been identified, and a standard model of interpersonal relationships has been described, which allows predicting marital satisfaction at a young age. Main conclusion. There is a complex systemic relationship between the assessment of the quality of interpersonal relationships and the perception of satisfaction with marriage in young spouses and partners in a civil marriage, the knowledge of which allows you to create a model of the relationship system in order to predict the satisfaction with marriage of young people and prevent conflicts in relationships leading to their destruction.

Как молодые люди осмысляют вступление в брак? Истории о знакомстве и свадьбе в интервью молодых супругов

В исследованиях молодых семей фокус делается на жизни после свадьбы — развитии отношений супругов, прохождении ими через семейные переходы, преодоление критических точек, освоение новых ролей. При этом в значительной части работ сопоставляются люди, не регистрирующие отношения и выбирающие сожительство, и те, кто вступает в брак; последние при этом рассматриваются как гомогенная группа. Однако также есть исследования, посвященные рассмотрению очень узких вопросов, связанных со вступлением в брак: как именно делается предложение, как супруги участвуют в подготовке к свадьбе, какие ценности и образы семьи транслируются в свадебных пожеланиях. В рамках данной работы предполагается рассматривать вступление в брак как процесс, в ходе которого начинается формирование семейных отношений. На основании анализа глубинных интервью с молодыми супругами (48 интервью, 24 пары, состоящие в зарегистрированном браке не более пяти лет) выделяются этапы вступления в брак, показывается множественность интерпретаций молодоженами каждого из них. В заключительной части работы представлены несколько гипотез о факторах, определяющих структуру брачных историй и их специфику. Благодарность. Исследование «Как создаются и живут молодые семьи в современной России? Сравнение семей мирян и священников» осуществляется в рамках Программы научных исследований Фонда развития ПСТГУ в 2018-2021 гг.

PEMAKNAAN PASANGAN USIA MUDA TERHADAP PROGRAM KELUARGA BERENCANA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS KELUARGA DI KOTA PALEMBANG

The advancement of Palembang City family planning programs was not followed by community participation in this program, particularly by young spouses. This is a fascinating topic of discussion as the government's failure in identifying the causes of the decrease in the participation rate in family planning would have consequences for choosing alternative policies and the policy targets are not eventually reached. Therefore, this study aims to provide alternative viewpoints in looking at options for not participating the family planning program, through the meaning of young spouses to the program. This study used a qualitative design by interviewing five young spouses. By using the theory of symbolic interactionalism, this research found that from the dimension of mind, children are an investment that can strengthen their relationship with God while lightening their lives in their pension time. While from the dimension of self, a spouse does not show spontaneity, impulsive, and creative as an individual, but shows themselves as a husband and wife where the decision is in a joint decision. Lastly, from the dimension of society, the informants tend to be closed in making decisions. In more detail, they decide based on the information they know. This indicates the ineffectiveness of information dissemination from government, religious leaders and the mass media. The practical implications of this research are meaning of the individual intersects with the community, so the government must improve the dissemination of information, more holistically, so that messages do not reach only the individuals concerned but the community at large. The results could be the key to enhancement of quality family in Palembang.

The benefit to speech intelligibility of hearing a familiar voice.

Previous experience with a voice can help listeners understand speech when a competing talker is present. Using the coordinate-response measure task (Bolia, Nelson, Ericson, & Simpson, 2000), Johnsrude et al. (2013) demonstrated that speech is more intelligible when either the target or competing (masking) talker is a long-term spouse than when both talkers are unfamiliar (termed familiar-target and familiar-masker benefits, respectively). To better understand how familiarity improves intelligibility, we measured the familiar-target and familiar-masker benefits in older and younger spouses using a more challenging matrix task, and compared the benefits listeners gain from spouses' and friends' voices. On each trial, participants heard two sentences from the Boston University Gerald (Kidd, Best, & Mason, 2008) corpus ("<name> <verb> <number> <adjective> <noun>") and reported words from the sentence beginning with a target name word. A familiar-masker benefit was not observed, but all groups showed a robust familiar-target benefit and its magnitude did not differ between spouses and friends. The familiar-target benefit was not influenced by relationship length (in the range of 1.5-52 years). Together, these results imply that the familiar-target benefit can develop from various types of relationships and has already reached a plateau around 1.5 years after meeting a new friend. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).