York Diabetes Association Research Articles

The New York Diabetes Association's 48th Annual Scientific Meeting, the American Diabetes Association's 48th Annual Advanced Postgraduate Course, and the meeting of the Naomi Berry Diabetes Center of Columbia University.

This report covers the New York Diabetes Association’s 48th Annual Scientific Meeting, October 2000; the Meeting of the Naomi Berry Diabetes Center of Columbia University, December 2000; and the American Diabetes Association’s 48th Annual Advanced Postgraduate Course, January 2001, New York, New York. Topics include diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, the cell biology of insulin action, and islet cell transplantation. At the 48th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerald J. Friedman Symposium on October 28, 2000, in New York, NY, Lloyd P. Aiello, Boston, MA, discussed potential pharmacologic treatments of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of blindness and visual loss, acting via two complications, proliferative retinopathy, which leads to retinal hemorrhage and scarring with the inevitable development of traction detachment, and that of macular edema, which is caused by abnormalities of retinal vessels. Panretinal photocoagulation, the existing treatment, is less effective for macular edema and can be expected to lead to some degree of visual loss; it may also lead to severe complications when performed incorrectly. The original hypothesis that diabetic retinopathy is caused by abnormal production of growth factors stimulated by retinal hypoxia was made more than 50 years ago by I.C. Michaelson. Growth hormone and IGFs play a permissive role, fibroblast growth factor may act synergistically, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) appears to be the major mediator. The expression of this glycoprotein is increased by hypoxia, and its levels are particularly high in patients with active proliferative retinopathy. VEGF increases retinal permeability in a dose-related fashion at levels encountered clinically in patients with retinopathy. These considerations suggest a number of potential approaches to treatment. Prevention of hypoxia with glycemic control, antioxidants, and AGE inhibitors might directly protect the retinal vessels. Angiotensin II (A2) is an important signal for VEGF secretion, with ACE inhibitors and A2 …

HORMONAL MODIFIERS OF INSULIN ACTION. NEW YORK DIABETES ASSOCIATION SYMPOSIUM. II. THE EFFECTS OF GLUCOCORTICOIDS ON INSULIN ACTION.

The effects of insulin and glucocorticoids on carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism of various isolated tissues have been summarized. Insulin is required for maximum glucose utilization by liver, muscle and adipose tissue, but is not required by the brain and nervous tissue. Glucocorticoids do not oppose or antagonize the primary effect of insulin which is to increase the permeability of cells to glucose. However, glucose phosphorylation by muscle is decreased by the presence of pituitary and adrenal cortical hormones in the absence of insulin. Insulin and the glucocorticoids do appear to play opposing roles in the mobilization of fatty acids (FFA). Many hormones promote FFA release from adipose tissue; however, the full lipolytic effect is not achieved in the absence of the adrenal cortex. Insulin, on the other hand, inhibits the lipolytic effect of catecholamines, glucagon, and ACTH. Ketosis is not observed in experimental diabetes if FFA mobilization is prevented by removal of the adrenals or pituitary. On the other hand, mobilization of FFA does not lead to ketosis if adequate insulin is available. An important aspect of glucocorticoid action in diabetes is probably in the area of FFA mobilization and ketone body production. However, the role of the adrenal cortex in protein catabolism and gluconeogenesis is of equal concern. Overproduction as well as under-utilization of glucose remains the central problem in attempting to regulate the diabetic patient.

The Clinical Society of the New York Diabetes Association, an Affiliate of the American Diabetes Association, Fifth Annual Symposium Day on Diabetes Mellitus: Fat and Diabetes

The Clinical Society of the New York Diabetes Association, an Affiliate of the American Diabetes Association, Fifth Annual Symposium Day on Diabetes Mellitus: Fat and Diabetes

The Clinical Society of the New York Diabetes Association, an Affiliate of the American Diabetes Association, Fourth Symposium Day on Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin, Glucagon and the Oral Hypoglycemic Sulfonylureas

The Clinical Society of the New York Diabetes Association, an Affiliate of the American Diabetes Association, Fourth Symposium Day on Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin, Glucagon and the Oral Hypoglycemic Sulfonylureas

SUMMER CAMP FOR DIABETIC CHILDREN

ECENT surveys indicate that there are at least one million persons in the United States who are known to have diabetes, and that another million persons have diabetes without knowing it. The Committee on Statistics of the American Diabetes Association estimates that there are approximately 26,500 juvenile diabetics. Of these, about 20,000 are under 15 years of age and approximately 6500 are between the ages of 15 and 20. In 1925 Dr. Leonard F. C. Wendt of Detroit conceived the idea of summer camps for diabetic children. Today there are 22 such camps in this country and Canada; they accommodate close to 2000 children each year. Camp Nyda, sponsored by the New York Diabetes Association (an affiliate of the American Diabetes Association) is one of these. Located in the cool Shawangunk Mountains, 70 miles from New York City, it is the only camp of its kind which serves diabetic children from the New York metropolitan area. This is a non-profit-making camp and it is maintained by voluntary contributions. Children are accommodated regardless of race, creed, or their ability to pay. Expenses for running such camps tend to be higher than those of ordinary camps because of the additional laboratory facilities, medications, and medical and nursing personnel that they require. These facilities are needed so that adequate clinical supervision can be carried out, insulin can be given, food measured, urine analyses can be done regularly, and complete records can be kept without impinging on the camping program. When one is observing the activities of the healthy looking, robust, alert, active youngsters at Camp Nyda, it is hard to distinguish the schedule of a diabetic camp from that of any well-run summer camp. The children take part in land and water sports, handicrafts, dramatics, and social activities. At camp the diabetic child finds himself among others who have similar problems. Group activity and group living give him the opportunity to develop group spirit and the maturity that comes with a camp experience and being away from home. He is encouraged to achieve the physical skills of other children his age. Too many of these children are overprotected by their families and they need the kind of guidance that Camp Nyda offers to help them function independently and to gain confidence and self-reliance. As part of the camp's rehabilitation program, world famous tennis stars William Talbert and Hamilton Richardson, who are both diabetics, make a visit each season to prove to diabetic children that they need not be chronic invalids.

The Clinical Society of the New York Diabetes Association, an Affiliate of the American Diabetes Association, Third Symposium Day on Diabetes Mellitus: The Pituitary-Adrenal System and Diabetes Mellitus

The Clinical Society of the New York Diabetes Association, an Affiliate of the American Diabetes Association, Third Symposium Day on Diabetes Mellitus: The Pituitary-Adrenal System and Diabetes Mellitus

Newer Concepts of the Causes and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: Proceedings of the Symposium on Diabetes Sponsored by the New York Diabetes Association and Held at Memorial Hospital and The New York Academy of Sciences.

This series of concise papers presents in a coordinated fashion, for the benefit of the practitioner, the progress being made in biochemical and clinical investigations in the field of carbohydrate metabolism. The discussions include obesity and glycogenesis in experimental diabetes; certain endocrine aspects of carbohydrate metabolism, including the hypoglycemia factor of the pancreas; several papers relating to nutrition and diabetes, including vitamin B₁₂, and several papers concerning the clinical management of diabetes, its complications, the disease during pregnancy, the control of surgical infections, and the role of psychological disturbances. Because the fundamental research is reported in most instances with commendable clarity and brevity, the pamphlet is heartily recommended to the clinician.

Newer concepts of the causes and treatments of diabetes mellitus. Proceedings of the Symposium on Diabetes sponsored by the New York Diabetes Association. The National Vitamin Foundation, Inc., 1954, 181 pp. 15.5 × 23 cm. Price $2.50

Newer concepts of the causes and treatments of diabetes mellitus. Proceedings of the Symposium on Diabetes sponsored by the New York Diabetes Association. The National Vitamin Foundation, Inc., 1954, 181 pp. 15.5 × 23 cm. Price $2.50

Summer Camp for Diabetic Children

ECENT surveys indicate that there are at least one million persons in the United States who are known to have diabetes, and that another million persons have diabetes without knowing it. The Committee on Statistics of the American Diabetes Association estimates that there are approximately 26,500 juvenile diabetics. Of these, about 20,000 are under 15 years of age and approximately 6500 are between the ages of 15 and 20. In 1925 Dr. Leonard F. C. Wendt of Detroit conceived the idea of summer camps for diabetic children. Today there are 22 such camps in this country and Canada; they accommodate close to 2000 children each year. Camp Nyda, sponsored by the New York Diabetes Association (an affiliate of the American Diabetes Association) is one of these. Located in the cool Shawangunk Mountains, 70 miles from New York City, it is the only camp of its kind which serves diabetic children from the New York metropolitan area. This is a non-profit-making camp and it is maintained by voluntary contributions. Children are accommodated regardless of race, creed, or their ability to pay. Expenses for running such camps tend to be higher than those of ordinary camps because of the additional laboratory facilities, medications, and medical and nursing personnel that they require. These facilities are needed so that adequate clinical supervision can be carried out, insulin can be given, food measured, urine analyses can be done regularly, and complete records can be kept without impinging on the camping program. When one is observing the activities of the healthy looking, robust, alert, active youngsters at Camp Nyda, it is hard to distinguish the schedule of a diabetic camp from that of any well-run summer camp. The children take part in land and water sports, handicrafts, dramatics, and social activities. At camp the diabetic child finds himself among others who have similar problems. Group activity and group living give him the opportunity to develop group spirit and the maturity that comes with a camp experience and being away from home. He is encouraged to achieve the physical skills of other children his age. Too many of these children are overprotected by their families and they need the kind of guidance that Camp Nyda offers to help them function independently and to gain confidence and self-reliance. As part of the camp's rehabilitation program, world famous tennis stars William Talbert and Hamilton Richardson, who are both diabetics, make a visit each season to prove to diabetic children that they need not be chronic invalids.

Peripheral Vascular Diseases (Angiology)

Journal Article Peripheral Vascular Diseases (Angiology) Get access Peripheral Vascular Diseases (Angiology). By Saul S. Samuels, A.M., M.D., Consulting Vascular Surgeon, Long Beach Hospital, Long Beach, New York; Attending Vascular Surgeon, Brooklyn Hospital for the Aged; Chief of the Department of Peripheral Arterial Diseases, Stuyvesant Polyclinic Hospital, New York; Fellow in Surgery, New York Academy of Medicine; Member of Committee on Surgery, New York Diabetes Association. Second edition. Cloth. Price, $2.50. Pp. 85. Oxford University Press, 114 Fifth Avenue, New York 11, 1947. Physical Therapy, Volume 28, Issue 1, January 1948, Page 44, https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/28.1.44 Published: 01 January 1948

INSULIN REGULATION IN ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-SIX DIABETIC CHILDREN*

THIS report concerns 126 campers during July and August, 1946, at Camp Nyda, the summer camp for diabetic children conducted by the New York Diabetes Association. Each child remained four weeks. The insulin dosage of the precamp treatment was maintained unless the precamp insulin did not control the diabetes or more than morning and evening injections of insulin were scheduled. When the type of insulin was changed, the first shift was made to the 1 part P and 2 parts R—advocated by Colwell (1) as the most nearly universally applicable insulin. Consequently, our discharge types of insulin are weighted in favor of the 1-to-2 mixture. The standards of diabetes control at Camp Nyda were a sugar free urine and the avoidance of hypoglycemic reactions. These objectives were achieved in nearly all children for most of their stay. The insulin administered at the end of three or four weeks represents the insulin that was finally considered successful in controlling the diabetes under camp conditions of diet and exercise.

Proceedings of the New York Diabetes Association, April 1945

Proceedings of the New York Diabetes Association, April 1945

Proceedings of the New York Diabetes Association, January 1945

Proceedings of the New York Diabetes Association, January 1945

Proceedings of the New York Diabetes Association, January 1946

Proceedings of the New York Diabetes Association, January 1946

Proceedings of the new york diabetes association – February 1944

Proceedings of the new york diabetes association – February 1944

STUDY OF THE PERSONALITIES OF CHILDREN WITH DIABETES

The statement that children with diabetes mellitus are like other children in personality before the onset of the disease is made with caution, because it may be argued that diabetes is an endocrinopathy and that such a condition is often accompanied with disturbances of personality. However, so many children with diabetes remain normal that we can only say that the changes in others are the result of the disease itself. The abnormal personality that not infrequently develops with juvenile diabetes is worthy of discussion and investigation. Experiences in dealing with a large number of diabetic children for a few years in a summer camp conducted by the New York Diabetes Association were reviewed, and certain facts and common factors presented themselves. During a recent summer camping period 114 children were seen, about an equal number of boys and girls, ranging in age from 6 to 18 years. The group was

VITAMINS A, B AND C IN DIABETIC CHILDREN

The results of an investigation made in the summer of 1941 on the vitamin status of the diabetic children at the summer camp of the New York Diabetes Association have been reported. In 1942 the observations were repeated because it was felt that the first effort was fragmentary and that a more satisfactory and complete survey could be accomplished with an increase in laboratory personnel and equipment and with improved methods. In the present paper the results obtained in the second study are reported. CLINICAL MATERIAL One hundred and fourteen juvenile diabetic subjects from 6 to 18 years of age, except for 2 aged 20 and 26 respectively, were studied. They were about equally divided as to sex. The children came in four successive groups during July and August 1942, each group spending two weeks at the camp. They were largely patients of the diabetes clinics in Greater New York,