Yellowleg Shrimp Research Articles

Estimating Biomass, Recruitment, and Harvest Rate for the Pacific Yellowleg Shrimp Farfantepenaeus californiensis from a Size-Based Model

Catch-at-size data were analyzed for Farfantepenaeus californiensis from fishing seasons 1978/1979 to 1994/1995. The catch-at-size model could be fitted to the catch-at-size data for the different fishing seasons. It was observed that the recruitment to the fishery changed suddenly during the study period, and the recruitment to the fishery may occur over a range of length classes. The recruits were defined as size classes less than 93.5mmin abdominal length. Recruitment varied from 200–3,800 million recruits. In contrast, the size classes were larger than 93.5 mm in terms of abdominal length, and the number of adults varied from 3,500,000–50,000,000. In the study zone, it was not common to find remnant biomass of adults. Consequently, the most abundant size intervals of abdominal length were 62.4 mm, 67 mm, and 72.2 mm. The results of the harvest rate-at-size showed that the size interval from 65–80mmin abdominal length was less than 0.05. The highest levels of harvest rate-at-size were estimated to be 85–125mm in abdominal length, with an estimated variation of 0.6–0.9. It was observed that individuals less than 93.5 mm in abdominal length are in the range of length classes in which recruitment to the fishery occurs. These recruits support the fishing pressure and the yield of the fishery; in contrast, the presence of adults is scarce. Therefore, this fishery in the region is strongly recruitment dependent.

Growth and survival of the juvenile yellowleg shrimpFarfantepenaeus californiensiscohabiting with the green feather algaCaulerpa sertularioidesat different temperatures

This study was performed to determine the growth and survival patterns of the juvenile yellowleg shrimp Farfantepenaeus californiensis cohabiting with the green feather alga Caulerpa sertularioides over a range of temperatures (18, 22, 25, 28 and 32°C) found throughout the year in the Gulf of California. From an initial weight of 46 ± 10 mg, shrimp cohabiting with green feather algae increased in weight by an average of 0.57 (±0.07), 5.44 (±0.45), 6.36 (±0.37), 7.66 (±0.26) and 5.96 (±0.59) g at 18, 22, 25, 28 and 32°C, respectively, whereas shrimp grown without seaweed increased in weight by an average of 0.28 (±0.026), 2.66 (±0.24), 3.15 (±0.49), 4.00 (±0.67), and 3.54 (±0.09) g respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed for the growth rates of juvenile yellowleg shrimp in the presence of C. sertularioides and peak growth was observed at 28°C in experiments with macroalgae. No significant differences were observed for shrimp survival except at 32°C without macroalgae, where survival was lower. These results suggest a beneficial and growth-promoting effect of cohabitation with live C. sertularioides on F. californiensis.

Comparison of digestive proteinases in three penaeids

Recently, several groups of researchers reported that besides serine proteinases, other classes of proteinases may be involved in crustacean's food protein digestion, including cysteine and aspartic proteinases. In this paper, a comparative study of the class and type of digestive proteinases of whiteleg shrimp Penaeus vannamei, blue shrimp Penaeus stylirostris, and yellowleg shrimp Penaeus californiensis is addressed, along with some operational characteristics. The substrate-SDS-PAGE zymogram of the three species showed varieties of different proteinases that were species-specific and proteinase composition that may be used for species identification or population studies. In the three species, trypsin and chymotrypsin were present as isoenzymes. Some active bands were active at acid pH and were partially inhibited by pepstatin A and based on bibliography information they are digestive enzymes. The involvement of these enzymes in food protein digestion is discussed and compared with digestive enzymes present in other decapod species. This and additional information expand the knowledge about enzyme food protein digestion in crustaceans, making clear that digestion process is more complex than previously alleged and if common patrons exist, there are some individualities. This information opens a line of research trying to fully understand the mechanism of protein digestion.

The complete mitochondrial genomes of the yellowleg shrimp Farfantepenaeus californiensis and the blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris (Crustacea: Decapoda)

Mitochondria play key roles in many cellular processes. Description of penaeid shrimp genes, including mitochondrial genomes are fairly recent and some are focusing on commercially important shrimp as the Pacific shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei that is being used for aquaculture not only in America, but also in Asia. Much less is known about other Pacific shrimp such as the yellowleg shrimp Farfantepenaeus californiensis and the blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris. We report the complete mitogenomes from these last two Pacific shrimp species. Long DNA fragments were obtained by PCR and then used to get internal fragments for sequencing. The complete F. californiensis and L. stylirostris mtDNAs are 15,975 and 15,988 bp long, containing the 37 common sequences and a control region of 990 and 999 bp, respectively. The gene order is identical to that of the tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. Secondary structures for the 22 tRNAs are proposed and phylogenetic relationships for selected complete crustacean mitogenomes are included. Phylogenomic relationships among five shrimp show strong statistical support for the monophyly of the genus across the analysis. Litopenaeus species define a clade, with close relationship to Farfantepenaeus, and both clade with the sister group of Penaeus and Fenneropenaeus.

The Pacific Yellowleg Shrimp, Farfantepenaeus Californiensis, on the Continental Shelf and in Adjacent Lagoons: Is there a Response to Differences in Depth?

This study describes the relationships of the body length and the population density of the yellowleg shrimp, Farfantepenaeus californiensis (Holmes, 1900) with differences in depth, in two coastal lagoons and on the adjacent continental shelf of the Gulf of California. The Agiabampo and Navachiste lagoon systems are located on the east side of the Gulf of California, bordering the states of Sonora and Sinaloa, Mexico. The environmental conditions of the lagoons are stable, with salinities of 35.5 to 38 psu over an annual cycle. Before sampling, the bathymetry of the lagoons was studied. From December 2001 to January 2003, sampling of shrimp was performed monthly for five consecutive days. The preference of shrimp for a particular depth, according to their size, was examined and the density of shrimp at selected depths was compared. Large differences in body size between the samples at selected depths were found. The density of the shrimp did not correspond with depth, but small shrimp showed greater mean densities. The cues used by species for offshore movement may largely be size-related. Juveniles moved down the estuary and out to sea as they grew. Depth may be involved in the migration of shrimp from lagoons with stable salinity gradients. Migration requires that the shrimp respond to some cue associated with size or to some change in their environment. The conclusion in this study is, that the yellowleg shrimp, F. californiensis responds to differences in depth, depending on its size, which is independent of whether it is inside the lagoon or in an open marine habitat.

Habitat use for growth and recruitment of the Pacific yellowleg shrimp, Farfantepenaeus californiensis (Decapoda, Penaeidae) on the continental shelf and adjacent laguna Agiabampo, Mexico

[This study analysed growth and recruitment of Pacific yellowleg shrimp, Farfantepenaeus californiensis (Holmes, 1900) populations inhabiting semi-arid coastal lagoons and the continental shelf in a semi-arid, subtropical region in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Sampling of the yellowleg shrimp population was conducted in the coastal lagoon and offshore on a monthly basis from December 2001 to November 2003. The length of females ranged from 90 to 150 mm, greater lengths were more common offshore during April and July. In the lagoon, smaller specimens prevailed all year. There were no significant differences between lagoon and offshore in mean length to within 1% of probability. The dynamics of penaeid shrimp in semi-arid climate lagoons differ from the pattern found in more semi-tropical parts of the Mexican Pacific, where lagoons do not have permanent communication with the Gulf of California. Evidence suggests that this species can complete its life cycle in the lagoon system or on the continental shelf. Este estudio analizo el crecimiento y reclutamiento de la poblacion de camaron cafe del Pacifico Farfantepenaeus californiensis (Holmes, 1900) en lagunas costeras y en la plataforma continental de una region subtropical semiarida en el Golfo de California, Mexico. Se realizaron muestreos biologicos mensuales de las poblaciones de camarones en laguna y plataforma, de diciembre del 2001 a noviembre del 2003. La longitud total de las hembras se encontro en el intervalo de 90 a 150 mm, las tallas mas grandes se capturaron en la plataforma en los meses de abril y julio. En la laguna, camarones mas pequenos prevalecieron a lo largo del ano. La comparacion estadistica de la longitud media entre laguna y plataforma mostro que no existen diferencias significativas al 1% de probabilidad. La dinamica de las poblaciones de camarones Peneidos en lagunas de clima semiarido difiere del patron encontrado en zonas con clima mas semitropical del Pacifico mexicano, donde las lagunas no tienen comunicacion permanente con el Golfo de California. La evidencia sugiere que esta especie puede realizar el ciclo de vida en lagunas o en la plataforma costera., This study analysed growth and recruitment of Pacific yellowleg shrimp, Farfantepenaeus californiensis (Holmes, 1900) populations inhabiting semi-arid coastal lagoons and the continental shelf in a semi-arid, subtropical region in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Sampling of the yellowleg shrimp population was conducted in the coastal lagoon and offshore on a monthly basis from December 2001 to November 2003. The length of females ranged from 90 to 150 mm, greater lengths were more common offshore during April and July. In the lagoon, smaller specimens prevailed all year. There were no significant differences between lagoon and offshore in mean length to within 1% of probability. The dynamics of penaeid shrimp in semi-arid climate lagoons differ from the pattern found in more semi-tropical parts of the Mexican Pacific, where lagoons do not have permanent communication with the Gulf of California. Evidence suggests that this species can complete its life cycle in the lagoon system or on the continental shelf. Este estudio analizo el crecimiento y reclutamiento de la poblacion de camaron cafe del Pacifico Farfantepenaeus californiensis (Holmes, 1900) en lagunas costeras y en la plataforma continental de una region subtropical semiarida en el Golfo de California, Mexico. Se realizaron muestreos biologicos mensuales de las poblaciones de camarones en laguna y plataforma, de diciembre del 2001 a noviembre del 2003. La longitud total de las hembras se encontro en el intervalo de 90 a 150 mm, las tallas mas grandes se capturaron en la plataforma en los meses de abril y julio. En la laguna, camarones mas pequenos prevalecieron a lo largo del ano. La comparacion estadistica de la longitud media entre laguna y plataforma mostro que no existen diferencias significativas al 1% de probabilidad. La dinamica de las poblaciones de camarones Peneidos en lagunas de clima semiarido difiere del patron encontrado en zonas con clima mas semitropical del Pacifico mexicano, donde las lagunas no tienen comunicacion permanente con el Golfo de California. La evidencia sugiere que esta especie puede realizar el ciclo de vida en lagunas o en la plataforma costera.]

Effect of salinity on the larviculture of yellowleg shrimp Farfantepenaeus californiensis (Holmes, 1900) at low temperatures

Growth and survival of larval yellowleg shrimp, Farfantepenaeus californiensis, were evaluated at salinities of 30, 33, 36 and 38 ppt and temperature of 25.0 ± 0.5ºC, in La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico. No significant differences in growth were observed among treatments. Survival was similar at salinities of 30, 33 and 36 ppt. A lower survival was observed at 38 ppt. No significant differences were observed in the time to reach larval substages at different salinities.

Alternate Culture of White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and Yellowleg Shrimp, Farfantepenaeus californiensis, During the Summer-Fall and Fall-Winter Season in Sonora, Mexico

ABSTRACT A study was conducted in Bahia Kino, Sonora, northwestern Mexico, to evaluate the feasibility of alternate culture of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and yellowleg shrimp, Farafantepenaeus californiensis, during the summer-fall and fall-winter seasons, respectively. Two stocking densities (20 and 30 shrimp/m2) were evaluated for both species. Results demonstrated that the alternate culture of these two species is feasible and that the culture of yellowleg shrimp did not seem negatively affected by the previous culture of white shrimp, in aspects such as transmission of pathogens or deterioration of water quality. Growth rate (0.88-1.02 g/week), survival (66.7%-77.8%), and yield (2208-2462 kg/ha) of white shrimp were comparable to those reported for most commercial semi-intensive farms. For yellowleg shrimp, during the fall-winter season, the three parameters were lower (0.52-0.44 g/week; 50.2%-52.1%; and 1,260-1,536 kg/ha, respectively). Growth and survival rates of both species were higher at the lower stocking density, but yields were better at the higher density. These findings could contribute to improve the economical feasibility of shrimp culture in non-tropical regions because of the possibility of using the facilities during the fall-winter season when they are usually useless.

Prevalence and Geographic Distribution of Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV) in Wild Blue ShrimpPenaeus stylirostrisfrom the Gulf of California, Mexico

Abstract A histopathological survey of wild blue shrimp Penaeus stylirostris from the Gulf of California, Sonora, Mexico, revealed the presence of infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). The survey performed at 39 sampling stations during August–September 1990, showed the prevalence of IHHNV infection to be 46% in the upper Gulf zone and 26% in the central–lower Gulf zone. The presence of IHHN virus was confirmed with the IHHNV-specific gene probe BA401 by means of in situ hybridization. Specimens of the Pacific brown shrimp P. californiensis (also known as yellowleg shrimp) and Pacific white shrimp P. vannamei, incidentally captured during the survey, were also analyzed and found to be infected by IHHNV. The survey demonstrated that IHHNV had widespread distribution in a region where it had not been previously detected and, presumably, was not present before 1987. These findings suggest that IHHNV has become established in wild populations of P. stylirostris, and perhaps in P. cal...

Effect of Aeration on Chlorophyll a, Zooplankton, and Benthos in Yellowleg Shrimp, Penaeus californiensis, Ponds

ABSTRACT The effect of four aeration rates: 0, 6, 12, and 24 hours/ day on the variation of chlorophyll a, zooplankton and benthos was evaluated in ponds stocked with yellowleg shrimp Penaeus californien-sis having low water exchange. Chlorophyll a, zooplankton and benthos varied significantly (P<0.05) over the time of culture. Abundance of zooplankton and benthic organisms showed significant (P<0.05) variations among treatments, being more abundant (P > 0.05) in the 6 and 12 hours/day aeration treatments. Some of the water quality parameters such as morning dissolved oxygen, organic matter, biochemical oxygen demand, and ammonia showed differences among treatments. Growth of shrimp was higher in the 12 hours/day aeration treatment. Yield and feed conversion ratio were higher in ponds receiving 6 and 12 hours/day aeration. Results of the study suggest that aeration has an effect on: biotic communities abundance; water quality parameters; and growth, yield, and food conversion ratio of shrimp.

Influence of temperature and salinity on the yellowleg shrimp, Penaeus californieinsis Holmes, prophenoloxidase system

Influence of temperature and salinity on the yellowleg shrimp, Penaeus californieinsis Holmes, prophenoloxidase system

Influence of temperature and salinity on the yellowleg shrimp,Penaeus californieinsisHolmes, prophenoloxidase system

The effects of salinity and temperature on plasma protein concentration and total haemocytic prophenoloxidase (proPO) were determined. Groups of 10 juvenile yellowleg shrimp, Penaeus californiensis Holmes, were acclimated for 20 days at different salinities (28%o, 32%o, 36%o, 40%o and 44%o at 25 °C) or temperatures (18, 22, 25, 28 and 32 °C at 36%o). While total protein levels were not affected, the quantities of proPO increased as salinity was elevated. Temperature affected both haemolymph parameters, showing a significant decrease in proPO at 32 °C, and an increase of protein at 28 and 32 °C. These results may help to explain the elevated disease susceptibility of shrimp at higher salinities and/or temperatures.

Evaluation of three feeding practices on the winter culture of yellowleg shrimp, Penaeus californiensis (Holmes), in low water exchange ponds

Evaluation of three feeding practices on the winter culture of yellowleg shrimp, Penaeus californiensis (Holmes), in low water exchange ponds

Evaluation of three feeding practices on the winter culture of yellowleg shrimp, Penaeus californiensis (Holmes), in low water exchange ponds

Three different feeding practices, feeding tables (FTAs), feeding trays (FTs) and complementation of natural food (CNF), for the culture of yellowleg shrimp, Penaeus californiensis (Holmes), were evaluated in an experimental study conducted for 23 weeks in the winter season in Bahia Kino, Sonora, Mexico. Significant differences in growth, yield and feed conversion ratio were observed among treatments. The best individual weight gain (10.05 g) was obtained in the CNF treatment, followed by the FT (8.03 g) and FTA treatments (6.02 g). The mean survivals in the FT, CNF and FTA treatments were 56.3%, 60.4% and 62.6%, respectively. Yield was greatest in the CNF treatment, with a mean of 1415 kg ha−1. The FT and FTA treatments had mean yields of 1212 and 1130 kg ha−1, respectively. Feed conversion ratio was significantly better (P < 0.05)in the CNF (2.1:1) and FT treatments (2.3:1) than in the FTA treatment (2.9:1). Total food supply was greater in the FTA treatment(3288.3 kg ha−1)than in the CNF(3028.1 kg ha−1) and FT treatments (2811.8 kg ha−1). Significant differences in some of the water-quality parameters, such as morning dissolved oxygen, ammonia, biochemical oxygen demand, and organic matter in water and sediment, were observed between treatments. The FTA treatment showed the poorest water quality.

Winter Culture of Yellowleg Shrimp Penaeus californiensis in Aerated Ponds with Low Water Exchange

Abstract— This study was conducted in the semiarid region of Bahia Kino, Sonora, Northwestern Mexico to determine the feasibility of farming yellowleg shrimp Penaeus californiensis during the winter season in ponds with less than 5% daily water exchange and aeration. Four aeration rates (0, 6, 12, and 24 h/d) were used in the study. Mean growth rates ranged from 0.41 to 0.53 g/wk with the highest growth rate in ponds with 12 h of aeration (P× 0.05). Survival ranged from 50 to 52% and did not differ among treatments. Shrimp yield ranged from 1,012 to 1,208 kg/ha, with the highest yields from ponds with 6 and 12 h of aeration (P× 0.05). Feed conversion ratios ranged from 2.3 to 2.8, with lower values in ponds with 12 and 6 h of aeration (P× 0.05). Results suggest that winter culture of yellowleg shrimp is possible and that 6 h of aeration is sufficient to maintain good water quality conditions.