Years Of Social Change Research Articles

Contemporary Expansion of Chinese Landscape Painting

Since ancient times, Chinese literati have a special dependence and belief in landscape painting, Since ancient times, Chinese literati have a special dependence and belief in landscape painting, Confucius' theory puts forward that "benevolent people enjoy mountains, wise people enjoy water". The artistic form of landscape theme is the world outlook and outlook on life condensed by Chinese literati in thousands of years of social changes, and the way to view the way of the universe. This paper discusses how to innovate and expand the form of Chinese landscape painting in the contemporary context, how to effectively convey the painter's feelings and ideas in the performance, and how to accept and recognize Chinese landscape painting on the international stage. The inheritance and innovation of Chinese landscape painting needs painters to have a keen sense of people's psychological deficiencies and spiritual demands in this era, to refine the social cognitive level in life, to separate from the surface form that interferes with vision, to go deep into the nature of the problem, to find a way out of the Predicament and to achieve transcendence, to achieve "two forgets of things and one forgetting of man and nature", and to lead the audience with Chinese landscape painting Enter the pure spiritual world to resist the impetuosity and alienation caused by the rapid pace of life in the era of information technology.

Nearly Twenty Years On: The Canadian Police Executive Community Revisited

Abstract Between 2000 and 2001, the Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police published two studies on Canadian police executives. One was a profile of the police executive population, which was described as ‘…middle-aged, overwhelmingly male, somewhat conservative in outlook, practical in approach, and stable in habits… [but with] ambition, energy and application’. Such chiefs could be expected to spend a few uneventful years at the top before fading into much anticipated retirement. The second study (Biro, F., Campbell, P., McKenna, P., and Murray, T. (2000). Police Executives under Pressure: A Study and Discussion of the Issues. Study Series No.3. Ottawa: Police Futures Group, Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police) shows, however, taking charge at the top plunged more than 15% of them into a period of professional and personal turmoil that led to premature termination of their careers. The examination of a sample of the new generation of Canadian police executives and a comparison with the first group against the backdrop of 20 years of social change suggests that the second group is better educated and developed as leaders, more confident, better communicators, and more politically astute. They are also more diverse but not nearly enough, although there is a growing number of non-sworn leaders, with potential to change future policing dynamics and culture. Despite the challenges of rapid social change, the new leaders have avoided the turmoil their predecessors experienced. This may be because they are dealing with operational challenges for which they are well equipped rather than the fundamental structural and cultural transformation in which the first group participated and which brought more change to policing in 30 years than in all the history of Canadian policing.

West Coast Communities and Catch Shares: The Early Years of Social Change

ABSTRACTThe Pacific Coast Groundfish Trawl Fishery transitioned to a catch shares program in January 2011. The Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Social Study was designed to measure associated social changes and impacts on individuals and communities. Selected survey and interview data from the baseline data collection in 2010 and the first supplemental data collection effort in 2012 are aggregated at the community level and analyzed for initial signs of social change.Communities are sorted into top-, mid-, and low-tier communities based on the percentage of quota share (QS) permit owners that live in each community. A higher number of QS permit owners in a place is expected to result in relatively greater benefits to those communities. Questions analyzed include percent of income from fishing, multiple jobs worked, job stability, job satisfaction, standard of living, and how individuals were personally affected. Significant results for TOP-tier communities include increases in working multiple jobs, which may be negative or positive depending on the respondent, and improvements in job satisfaction. LOW-tier communities indicate significant improvements in standard of living. MID-tier communities appear to be in the middle, with no significant changes. Interview data indicate variation between owners, where some can fish their allocations and others need to lease more to fish.

The Constitutional Consciousness of Chinese Citizens over 60 Years of Social Change

Constitutional consciousness is a general term for citizens’ knowledge, opinions, ideas and thinking about the Constitution. It not only drives the implementation of the Constitution and the development of democratic politics and the rule of law, but also serves as an indicator for the extent of the rule of law. In the course of social change, constitutional consciousness constitutes an inner spiritual force within the constitutional order. It is a force for change in itself, especially as “a cultural soft power” that remolds normative judgments and value bases. A stable and mature constitutional consciousness provides a foundation for the benign operation of social change. Over the past 60 years, the development of Chinese society has followed a tortuous path, but due to citizens’ constitutional consciousness the 1954 and 1982 Constitutions were always vehicles and forces for social cohesion and harmony. The way to improve supervision of constitutional implementation is to truly make rule of law thinking centered on constitutional consciousness into the basic value consensus of citizens and different groups at the level of the nation, the government and society. Adhering to the concept of the supremacy of the Constitution and exploring ways and means of adopting a more reasonable, pragmatic and open approach to its implementation will provide a solid constitutional foundation for the full implementation of governing the country according to law and will advance the construction of a rule of law China.

Hierarchy of Values of Students in Selected Countries of Middle-Eastern Europe in the Context of the Public Trust

Social trust is related with phenomenon strictly, in Central Europe from over 20 years of social change getting. I have devoted problems of social trust in international investigative project 2009-2012 taking part concerning perception category social trust including country post-communist particular note and from these countries systems of values of young people. Values are declared present by students in daily life frequently definitely than in functioning social structure at the nature institutional-organizational.

A model for RFID-based 3D location of buried assets

Abstract In many developed urban areas the buried assets and services are becoming antiquated and reaching the end of their practical life. There is a need to manage these assets and replace or repair them with the minimum disruption to consumers. At the same time, new underground infrastructure continues to be installed as urban areas expand and diversify. In the ‘information age’ of rapid expansion and technology driven solutions, the management of these assets should not be a problem in terms of locating the assets and services, under the ground. However, during the last 150 years of social change and underground infrastructure progress, accurate data and relevant records may well have slipped from the control of those responsible thus making the precise location of buried assets very difficult. These factors suggest that there is a pressing need for improvement in the method used to record and store data relating to buried assets and services. This paper details the problem and discusses the reasons for, and drivers of, improvements in the current unsatisfactory approach to locating buried assets and services. The development of an RFID based model for the 3D Location of Buried Assets is presented. The main scope of this research was to examine the behaviour of RFID performance in a utility environment by conducting an appropriate series of tests. A real-life experiment was used to validate the performance of the proposed model for effectiveness and accuracy.

Insights from a large rural population laboratory: Health census `89 and `99

PURPOSE: Data are limited on health status behaviors and use of health services for rural residents. Yet rural areas now have higher rates of chronic diseases, such as coronary heart disease, than urban areas.METHODS: A population laboratory (Health Census) was established in rural Central NY (Otsego County) to study these variables in this population. HC `89 was a door-to-door enumeration of all permanent households in the country. In 1989, 44,500 adults in 18,000 households provided data on individual health screenings, cancer and cardiovascular risk factors, health behaviors, chronic disease, access to care, preventive services use, health insurance and emergency department utilization. Data collection for HC `99 will identify 10-year trends; it also includes baseline data for children. Also, households in six surrounding rural counties (N = 10,000) were sampled; cost benefits of different survey methods were assessed. Questions about perceived health status, and special health and pediatric preventive care needs were included. After 10 years of social change, many limitations of traditional survey methods became apparent; much more varied and frequent types of follow-up were needed to achieve adequate response rates.RESULTS: The HC `89 final response rate was 86%. There were significant socioeconomic gradients in use of preventive services (blood pressure screening, rectal exams, mammograms and Pap smears). Adults without health insurance or Medicaid had much lower utilization rates of screening tests and higher rates of cigarette smoking and obesity. Several community intervention programs were implemented as a result of HC `89. HC `99 provides additional analyses to examine change in preventive service use, self-reported chronic disease, and health services use; it will likely verify the persistence of socioeconomic gradients. Response rates are similar to `89, but achieved only with more intensive reinforcement.CONCLUSIONS: HC `89 confirmed a lag in positive health indices in rural populations in Central NY. Both newer methodologies now needed and results of HC `99 will serve as guides for smaller rural counties to develop affordable local health surveys and plan intervention strategies.

Changes Over Time and Space in the East Indian Family in Rural Trinidad

Much of the anthropological literature on the East Indians in Trinidad focuses on cultural retentions and social persistence. Arriving as indentured laborers from India, the majority of Indians ultimately remained on the island and settled in rural communities where they are said to have reconstructed a village organization similar in form and content to villages in north India. The Indian family especially is said to have been successfully reconstituted. This paper challenges this prevalent assumption. Data on family patterns in India for two time periods is compared with data on East Indian family patterns in Trinidad, also for two time periods. On the basis of this evidence it would seem that the Indian family has not, in fact, been able to maintain its traditional integration in the face of migration, indenture and fifty years of social change. In short, Trinidad's East Indians are a long way from India in space, time and social structure.