Years In Indonesia Research Articles

Early diagnosis of stroke risk factors in high school students in Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

The number of stroke patients in Indonesia is ranked as the first country to experience the most strokes in all of Asia. The prevalence of stroke in Indonesia reaches 8.3 out of 1000 population. This prevalence rate increases with increasing age. Indonesian national data shows that stroke is the highest cause of death, at 15.4%, with approximately 750,000 strokes per year in Indonesia and 200,000 recurrent strokes. People who are physically inactive (those who exercise less than three times per week, each for 30 minutes) have an almost 50% increased risk of stroke compared to those who are active. Physical inactivity can lead to weight problems and increased blood pressure and is associated with diabetes, all of which are important risk factors for stroke. Inactivity also contributes to the onset of early atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design to see and observe the risk factors for stroke that exist in school children in Makassar city. Data processing was carried out using computer application programs and SPSS version 22.0 with data analysis methods using the Chi Square Test with the Yate's Correlation formula in SPSS called Continuity Correction and Risk. The number of respondents studied was 896 people. Hypertension is a major risk factor for health problems in society, especially in socioeconomic transition. Hypertension is a primary risk factor for the onset of heart disease and stroke. Doing physical activity will prevent us from various diseases, by doing adequate physical activity we can suppress the increase in blood sugar levels, cholesterol levels, and avoid obesity and strengthen the heart. All of which are risk factors for stroke. So thus by doing adequate physical activity we can avoid stroke. There is a relationship between gender, obesity, hypertension, family history of disease, stress, physical activity, risky diet and smoking on stroke risk factors and there is no relationship between age and knowledge with stroke risk factors.

CLUSTER MAPPING OF HOTSPOTS USING KERNEL DENSITY ESTIMATION IN WEST KALIMANTAN

Forest and land fires pose a recurring concern every year in Indonesia, often taking place in West Kalimantan Province, particularly during the dry season. This study aims to use the Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) to categorize the data of the hotspots in the province of West Kalimantan according to their density and to map the cluster level of the fire risks in the region. The data utilized in this study are secondary data obtained from the images of the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) instrument, which are available on firms.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov and provided by NASA. The data focuses on hotspots dispersed across West Kalimantan province during 2020. The variables examined in the study were the confidence level (≥80%) of forest and land fire hotspots, the distance from each point to the nearest river, and the distance from each point to the nearest road. The kernel density estimation method with a Gaussian kernel function yielded clustering results into three distinct groups according to their vulnerability levels. Low vulnerability areas comprise Cluster 1, which consists of 127 points or 50.97% of the total hotspots. Medium vulnerability areas belong to Cluster 2, which has 47 points or 30.32% of the total. Cluster 3 includes high vulnerability locations, consisting of 29 points or 18.71% of the total. The most susceptible areas to forest and land fires are located within the Ketapang regency.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Serbuk Kayu dengan Zat Aditif Anti Stripping Agent Terhadap Uji Durabilitas AC-WC (Asphalt Concrete–Wearing Course)

The increasing number of vehicles each year in Indonesia causes excessive repetition of loads that occur on road pavements, as well as extreme weather changes resulting in damage to the pavement layer, especially at the level of durability, especially in the AC-WC layer. The use of sawdust waste in the AC-WC mixture has met the marshall test values/characteristics, but it is necessary to test its durability; a high durability value indicates that the road is more durable and resistant to weather and water. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of road pavement by adding anti-stripping agent additives at levels of 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5% to the AC-WC mixture of 25% wood powder waste substitution in order to improve the properties of asphalt in increasing the coating of asphalt with aggregates in a wet state to produce stronger bonds to extend the life of the road. This study aims to determine the effect of adding anti-stripping agent additives in AC-WC mixtures with sawdust waste on durability tests. Experimental tests were conducted using the research method at the Civil Engineering Laboratory of Diponegoro University Vocational School Semarang. The study results obtained a durability value based on the calculation parameters of the Residual Strength Index (IKS) based on the General Specifications of Bina Marga 2018 (Rev 2), which shows the durability of AC-WC asphalt. The results of marshall testing obtained based on averages include VIM 4.11%, VMA 13.15%, VFA 77.33%, Stability 1893.73 Kg, Flow 2.17 mm and MQ 1070.03 kg/mm from 25% wood powder waste variation with anti-stripping agent additives 0.3%; 0.4%; 0.5% in AC-WC wear layer has met the General Specifications of Bina Marga 2018 (Rev 2). The average durability values of IKS with sequential soaking time are 24 hours 92.24%, 48 hours 88.87%, and 72 hours 80.08%.

Impact of Exposure to Online Advertising on The Intention to Download Online Loan Applications Among Young Adults (18-27 Years) in Indonesia

This study examines the impact of online loan advertisements on the behavior of Generation Z (Gen-Z) in Indonesia, specifically their propensity to download loan applications. Data from Gen-Z individuals aged 18-27 were analyzed using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the effects of informativeness, entertainment, irritation, and incentives on advertisement value. Findings show that these advertising elements, especially incentives, significantly influence inspire-to behavior. Mediating factors such as advertisement value, perceived risk, and trust also play a significant role. The respondent profile indicates a majority of males, Bachelor's degree holders, and students. The study suggests that enhancing marketing strategies in the online loan sector requires understanding the factors influencing Gen-Z's decisions. It also highlights the importance of reducing unacceptable advertising elements. Future research should consider a more diverse sample and updated theoretical models. This study contributes to digital marketing and consumer behavior literature, providing insights for more effective and responsible online loan advertising in Indonesia.

Relationship Between Breast Milk Feeding and COVID-19 Incidence in Children Aged 0-2 Years at Siloam Hospital Kelapa Dua During The Pandemic

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed more than 6 million lives worldwide, and children are not spared from its danger. Breast milk is known to protect babies from various kinds of infections. Until now there are few data regarding the relationship between breastfeeding and the incidence of COVID-19 in children aged 0-2 years in Indonesia. This study aims to further examine the relationship between breastfeeding and the incidence of COVID-19 in children aged 0-2 years. Siloam Hospitals Kelapa Dua (SHKD) was chosen as a location because it was one of the referral hospitals for treating COVID-19 for pediatric patients in Tangerang that can be accessed by the researcher.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was conducted using a cross-sectional study method on a sample of children aged 0-2 years from the medical record database of Siloam Hospitals Kelapa Dua for the period 2020 to 2022.</p><p><strong>Result:</strong> Upon calculation, it was found that the p-value is 0,154 (p>0,05). From 61 sample, 37,7% of the samples were breastfed and 44,3% was COVID-19 positive.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> No significant relationship was found between breastfeeding and COVID-19 infection among children aged 0-2 years old in SHKD.</p>

Risk Factors for Central Obesity in Women 45-54 Years of Age in Indonesia (Riskesdas 2018 Analysis)

The prevalence of central obesity in Indonesia, especially in women aged 45-54 years, has increased according to the results of the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas, Riset Kesehatan Dasar). Central obesity is associated with a higher risk of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the incidence of central obesity in women aged 45-54 years in Indonesia using the 2018 Riskesdas data with a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 60,557 individuals, with 64.54% having central obesity. Marital status (PR=1.12; 95%CI 1.09-1.15), low physical activity (PR=1.18; 95%CI 1.14-1.21), and consumption of high-risk foods (PR=1.03; 95%CI 1.01-1.05) were found to be associated with an increased risk of central obesity. In contrast, primary education (PR=0.86; 95%CI 0.83-0.89), employment status (PR=0.91; 95%CI 0.90-0.93), and smoking status (PR=0.89; 95%CI 0.84-0.95) acted as protective factors against central obesity. The results of this study suggest the need for increased nutrition education and physical activity in women aged 45-54 years as well as health support programs for married women.

Response to The Use of Liquid Organic Fertilizer on Vegetative Growth in Soybean Plants Black (Glycine Soja L. Merrill) with Two Different Cultivars

Soybean-based food business and population growth drive the increase in soybean consumption every year in Indonesia. Soybean varieties and liquid organic fertilizer applications can help overcome losses in soybean plant growth and productivity. This study used a randomized block design (RAK) with treatment consisting of 2 factors with 3 repetitions. Factor i liquid organic fertilizer (p), consists of 4 levels, namely: p0 = 0 ml, p1 = 20 ml, p2 = 40 ml, p3 = 60 ml. the 2nd factor cultivar (k), consists of 2 types, namely: k1 = cultivar detam 1, k2 = cultivar detam 3. The results showed that the response and effectiveness of the application of soybean peel poc and different cultivars did not significantly affect the vegetative growth of black soybean plants, but when viewed as a whole p3 (60 ml) gave the highest value on the parameters of leaf area index 21 hst, root nodules, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b content.

Pengaruh Earning Before Tax dan interest expense terhadap Net Income pada sektor Perbankan

The research was conducted to comprehensively determine the effect of interest expense and earnings before tax on net income. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach, with a population of SOEs engaged in financial services represented by PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. from several banks in Indonesia. The sampling technique uses a probability sample with a purposive sampling method. In addition, the sample data from this company were 20 from the last five years of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk's financial reporting. which includes Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 (Audited). Data analysis using SmartPLS4 software with the study results showed that the interest expense variable significantly affects net income, and earnings before tax significantly affect net income. However, other factors affect the value of net income, which tends to increase, like pro forma profit. Thus H1, H2, and H3 are accepted, which means that there is a significant influence between interest expense, earnings before tax, and net income.

Maternal risk factors for stunting in children aged 24-59 months

Stunting is a problem of growth and development disorders in children which is related to nutritional problems in the world. In 2022, 21.6% of children aged under five years in Indonesia were stunted. Several factors influence stunting, including environmental (social), household factors, maternal and child factors. The aim of this study was to determine maternal risk factors for stunting in children aged 24 to 59 months. This research, with a case control study design, involved 191 participants (91 stunted children and 100 non-stunting children). The results found that maternal factors associated with stunting in children aged 24-59 months included maternal height (P<0.005, OR 2.025), birth spacing (P<0.005, OR 1.912), gestational age (P<0.005, OR 2.622), history of illness during pregnancy (P<0.005, OR 2.453), and consumption of iron tablets during pregnancy (P<0.001, OR 7.600). In the multivariate analysis, consumption of iron tablets and maternal height were the factors identified as being most related to the incidence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months.

Anemia in young pregnant women: A cross-sectional study in Indonesia

Background: The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women in Indonesian remains high at 48.9%, with the highest rates observed among young mothers aged 15-24 years. Anemia is associated with adverse outcomes for both mothers and their children. Understanding the determinants of anemia in young mothers is crucial for taking preventive measures. However, there are currently no national studies in Indonesia on the prevalence and risk factors of anemia in pregnant women aged 15 to 24 years.Objective: To measure the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in young pregnant women in Indonesia.Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized on secondary data from the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riset Kesehatan Dasar= Riskesdas). The subject of this research were pregnant women aged 15 to 24 years who participated in Riskesdas 2018 and had independent variables data including hemoglobin measurement data, age, education, residence, occupation, travel time to health facilities, age at first pregnancy, ownership of the maternal and child health (MCH) handbook, history of previous abortion, gestational age, number of iron supplement tablets, supplementary feeding, and chronic energy deficiency. Univariate analysis was conducted to analyse the subject characteristics and hemoglobin data, while chi-square and logistic regression were used to determine factors associated with anemia in young pregnant women Results: The study found that 36.2% of young pregnant women had anemia. The incidence of anemia was associated with gestational age but not with other factors. Pregnancy in the first trimester poses the highest risk compared to other trimesters (cOR=3.89; 95%CI:1.47-10.30; p=0.006), as confirmed by multivariate analysis (aOR=4.44; 95%CI: 1.41-13.95; p=0.01).Conclusion: Anemia affects 36.2% of pregnant women aged 15 to 24 years in Indonesia. The risk of anemia in young pregnant women is significantly associated with gestational age with the first trimester being the most critical period.

Health Education Affected the Anxiety Levels of Pregnant Women in Facing Childbirth

Women aged 20 to 44 years in Indonesia have a risk of depression or anxiety in the face of vaginal delivery, which is 10-25%. The risk of depression or anxiety complicating the delivery process is 10-15%, and the risk of anxiety in caesarean section patients is 15-25%. This was pre-experimental research with a One-Group Pretest and Posttest design. The sample was 40 respondents taken by a Non-Random Sampling technique; Accidental Sampling. This research was conducted October 15 - November 10 2023. The instrument used a questionnaire sheet. The data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The results of the research showed that before the education was carried out, the average value was 2.74, whereas after the education was carried out, the average value of anxiety level decreased to 1.83. A significant result was obtained with ρ value 0.001< α 0.05. It is hoped that health workers can provide more education regarding the level of anxiety in pregnant women facing childbirth so that they can reduce the fear and anxiety of pregnant women before giving birth.

Perancangan Desain Karakter pada Buku Interaktif Pengenalan Literasi Keuangan untuk Anak Usia Dini

The focus of this design is the creation of character designs on interactive financial literacy books media for early childhood. The method used in this design is qualitative and uses qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. Primary data were obtained from interviews, Focus Group Discussions, and observations, while secondary data were obtained from literature and mass media. The design process begins with collecting references, determining concepts, making design alternatives, final designs, and evaluating designs. Verbal and visual concepts refer to the characteristics of the target audience, namely children aged 4-6 years in Indonesia. The drawing style and illustration refers to the book "Sayur Juara" which is used as a study comparator. Characters that have been selected and evaluated, then applied to interactive book media, stickers, and keychains. Introducing financial literacy is important from early childhood. This research is expected to contribute to improving early childhood financial literacy through the development of character designs in interactive books that are interesting and educational.

Low Birth Weight as Predictor of Underweight and Stunting Among Female Students Aged 6-9 Years: an Observational Study in Surakarta

<p><strong>Introduction:</strong> Undernutrition remains a leading cause of premature mortality among children in developing countries. Previous studies discussed that the risk of undernutrition elevated with child’s age, stressing the need to address undernutrition in older children. Maternal factors also caused undernutrition through intergenerational transmission. However, data related to nutritional status of female children age >5 years in Indonesia are lacking. This study aimed to elucidate determinants associated with nutritional status among primary school girls in Surakarta.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This was an observational, cross-sectional study. A total of 61 female students aged 6-9 years from Nur Hidayah Primary School Surakarta participated in this study. Data were collected through online questionnaire filled by parents who were directed to follow the procedures of anthropometric measurement at home. Z-score was calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software. Nutritional status of children was measured in weight-for-age and height-for-age. Statistical analyses were performed using Spearman’s correlation and backward linear regression. Variables with p<0.05 from the final model were considered as the determinants.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Among study participants, 4.9% were underweight and 9.9% were stunted. Our study found one common determinant of nutritional status by weight-for-age and height-for-age, namely birth weight (p=0.027 and p=0.011 respectively). Maternal height was, in particular, associated with nutritional status by height-for-age (p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Birth weight was significantly associated with nutritional status by weight-for-age and height-for-age, while maternal height was significantly correlated with only nutritional status by height-for-age. Nutrition programs for female students such as school lunch and multivitamin supplementation could be implemented to prevent the intergenerational effects of stunting and underweight.</p>

Analysis of Yogyakarta Special Fund on Community Welfare Case Study of Gunungkidul Regency

Special Fund (Danais) is a special source of funding intended for development and development in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine the effect of the Yogyakarta Special Fund on the Welfare of the People of Gunungkidul in 2023. This privilege fund is given to DIY as part of the privileges stipulated in the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945 Article 18B Paragraph 2. The state of art in this study is to determine the benefits and effects of development activities related to special funds so that an in-depth study is needed so that changes in community welfare in Gunungkidul Regency can be known. The problem in this study is the effect of the Yogyakarta special fund on the welfare of the people in Gunungkidul Regency and its impact before and after receiving the special fund. Data used primary data through survey results and literature reviews. Mmethod used Specialty Program Effectiveness Analysis. The results of this study value the effectiveness of IKM 81,968 which shows a high level of satisfaction. Meanwhile, in other tests, in general, they felt the positive impact of implementing good programs for community groups. Meanwhile, based on the results of different tests, the four fields tend to experience an increase in welfare after getting special funds in Gunungkidul Regency.

Analysis of the Availability of Medical Laboratory Technology Experts (ATLM) Based on the Minimum Energy Standard of Permenkes No. 43 of 2019 in Indonesia Year 2023

Introduction: Medical Laboratory Technology Experts (ATLM) as one type of health worker, are authorized to organize or practice in the health sector according to their expertise. The ideal ratio of Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) to districts is at least 1 Puskesmas per sub-district, and the minimum staffing standard based on Minister of Health Regulation No. 43 of 2019 for ATLM personnel in Puskesmas is 1 (one), both in Urban, Rural, Remote, and Very Remote Puskesmas. Method: The purpose of this study is to analyze the suitability of ATLM personnel with minimum staffing standards based on the Minister of Health Regulation No. 43 of 2019 in Indonesia. The qualitative research method describes the availability of ATLM personnel at the district/city/provincial level in Indonesia, using secondary data from the Ministry of Health's Health Human Resources Information System (SISDMK) for 2022. Result: The results showed that there is still a shortage of medical laboratory technologists in Puskesmas at the district/city/provincial level in Indonesia, with 1,486 Puskesmas experiencing a shortage out of a total of 10,436 Puskesmas in Indonesia.

The Ideal Legal Protection of the Child Labor Rights in Indonesia: The Dimensions of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah and the Welfare State

The legal protection of child labor rights in Indonesia, which is regulated in the Indonesian legislation, was not yet ideal. There are many working children (aged 13 to 15 years) in Indonesia whose rights to a prosperous life have not been fulfilled, both in the maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah dimension and in the welfare state dimension. Thus, this research was about the ideal legal protection for the rights of child workers in Indonesia, and the aim was to know and look for the concept of ideal legal protection for the rights of child workers of 13-15 years of age in Indonesia which was in accordance with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and the welfare state. This normative research discussed the constitution and laws related to child labor rights by examining the main legal materials, theories, concepts and legal bases related to this research. The results of this research explained that the legal protection of child labor rights in Indonesia was not yet ideal due to lack of clarity in the labor law itself. Meanwhile, the findings in this research; legal protection for the rights of child workers aged 13 to 15 years in Indonesia was not yet ideal because it was not yet in accordance with the dimensions of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and the welfare state, and because child labor in Indonesia was still considered unlawful, therefore many children in Indonesia became neglected and poor.

Immigration Supervision Model for Detainees Living Outside Immigration Detention Centers: Case Study of Detainees for More Than Ten Years in Indonesia

Immigration Supervision Model for Detainees Living Outside Immigration Detention Centers: Case Study of Detainees for More Than Ten Years in Indonesia

Implementasi Metode Toilet Training dalam Menumbuhkan Kemandirian Anak Usia Toddler di Kelompok Bermain

According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health 2018, there are 23,729,583 children under the age of 0-4 years in Indonesia. According to the National Household Health Survey (SKRT), approximately 75 million preschool-aged children have difficulty controlling urination and defecation. In 2014, only 20% of children were successful in toilet training and 75% of children failed in toilet training. In preschool children aged 4-5 years who successfully completed toilet training, 40% and 60% respectively. Children's willingness to use the toilet affects their ability to use the toilet. This article describes the introduction and implementation of toilet training methods to encourage toddler independence in playgroups. This study aims to describe the implementation of toilet training in toddler independence education in playgroups. The method used in this research is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Data sources come from interviews with parents, teachers and observations of toddler-age children in playgroups. Application and implementation of toilet training methods to encourage the independence of toddler-age children in playgroups. The implementation of toilet training begins with planning story material from storybooks with the topic of toilet operations prepared, the implementation is carried out by the teacher in accordance with the habituation method and the story method and the evaluation, namely. the teacher gives assignments to children in the form of practicing toilet training related activities directly.

Impacts of rainfall and rainfall anomalies on the population dynamics of rodents in southeast Asian rice fields.

The mechanisms that regulate multi-annual population dynamics of rodent pest species of cereal crops is often unknown. Better knowledge of such aspects can aid pest management and in turn improve food security and human health. The patterns and processes of the population dynamics of Rattus argentiventer, in rice fields of Indonesia, and Rattus tanezumi, in rice fields of the Philippines were assessed in this article. The meta-analysis of trapping data over 20 years in Indonesia, and 16 years in the Philippines indicated that rodent populations in rice fields did not show a regular multi-annual pattern. Rattus argentiventer populations in Indonesia responded to less rainfall from the current year. Rattus tanezumi populations in the Philippines responded positively to both rainfall and rainfall anomaly with a 1-year time lag. Our study of long-term population data indicates that certain combinations of rainfall parameters could be useful to predict years when there is higher rodent abundance in rice fields. The key rodent pest species in rice fields in Indonesia (R. argentiventer) and the Philippines (R. tanezumi) differ, and the populations of each species respond differently to rainfall anomalies. Other factors such as crop cover and water availability may also be important and should be considered in future work. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Difficulties in Realizing Regional Finance in Indonesia: Quantitative Descriptive Approach

The focus of this study is a comparison of the realization of regional income and expenditure components for the 2023 fiscal year in Indonesia, while the research focus is on 38 provincial governments, classified according to region. In the western part of Indonesia, there are 23 Provincial Governments, and in the eastern part of Indonesia, there are 15 Provincial Governments. The main research approach is quantitative descriptive, with a data analysis method applying comparative analysis, using the independent sample t-test technique to find a comparison of the averages of two unrelated groups, using the welsh t-test and cohen's t-test coefficient testing techniques. The study findings found the realization of regional finance in Indonesia. First, the fact that the realization of the PAD, TKDD, and PL components in the eastern region tends to be lower compared to the western region of Indonesia. This recognition is justified by comparative statistics through the significance value (< 0.05) of the welsh t-test coefficient and Cohen's coefficient effect. Secondly, the fact that the realization of the BP, BBJ, and BM components in the eastern region is very low compared to the western region of Indonesia, the uniform realization achievement of the two regions in the BL component reaches a realization figure of >80%, this recognition is justified by statistical comparison through the significance value (<0.05) of the welsh's coefficient and cohen's coefficient effect.