Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory Research Articles

Pre-operative Assessment of Psychological Characteristics and Mood States in Living Donor Kidney and Liver Transplantation

BackgroundPast studies have indicated that psychological problems in both transplant recipients and donors increase during the pre-operative period. However, few studies have evaluated the pre-operative psychological status of both the recipient and the donor. MethodsThis study included the donors and recipients of 36 adult living donor kidney transplants (LDKT) and 12 adult living donor liver transplants (LDLT) between January 2012 and December 2014. Their personalities were assessed using the Tokyo University Egogram (TEG) and the Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory (Y-G), while their mood states just before transplantation were evaluated via the Profile of Mood States (POMS). ResultsOn the TEG, the mean Adapted Child (AC) score of the LDLT recipient group was significantly lower than that of the LDKT recipient group. On the Y-G, no differences in the distribution of the five personality types were recognized among the four groups. POMS depression scores in the LDLT recipient group were significantly higher compared with the other groups. ConclusionLDLT recipients exhibited a depressive mood just before transplantation, and also had a low AC score. Therefore, clinicians should pay careful attention to potential medical non-adherence and post-operative depression in LDLT recipients. Based on these pre-operative assessments of personality and mood states, the transplant team should include post-operative care to support the quality of life of the recipients as well as the donors.

Japanese patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis show distinct personality profiles

Personality and emotional factors are supposed to influence the course of skin diseases, such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Few reports exist, however, showing distinct personality traits among patients with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. The aim of the present study was to examine personality differences among psoriasis patients, atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls in Japan. A total number of 51 psoriasis patients, 97 atopic dermatitis patients and 48 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Questionnaires of Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory were administered individually. These groups were evaluated by 12 dimensions of temperaments. According to the dimension scores, personality was defined as five groups. Atopic dermatitis patients showed significantly higher scores regarding temperaments of depression, feelings of inferiority, nervousness and lack of objectivity than psoriasis patients. Regarding a temperament of cyclic tendency and lack of cooperativeness, female atopic dermatitis patients showed significantly higher scores than female psoriasis patients. Regarding general activity, female atopic dermatitis patients showed significantly lower scores than those of female psoriasis patients. No significant difference in scores of temperaments of lack of agreeableness, rhathymia, thinking extraversion, ascendance and social extraversion were detected among psoriasis patients, atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. The personalities of male psoriasis patients were significantly different from those of atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. Female psoriasis patients showed a significantly different personality profile from that of atopic dermatitis patients, but not from healthy controls. Japanese psoriasis and atopic dermatitis patients show distinct personality profiles suggesting that specific a psychosomatic approach may be required during the treatment.

Personality Traits of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Who Exhibit Depression

[Purpose] The objective of this study was to examine the differences in personality traits based on the presence of depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. [Subjects and Methods] The current study involved 39 subjects with COPD. Personality traits of subjects were compared with the presence of depression and effectors of depression, including personality traits, were reviewed. [Results] Fourteen subjects (35.9% of the total) were classified as having depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)≥16). Subjects who exhibited depression also displayed differences in items of the Yatabe-Guilford personality inventory and demonstrated high values for all St. George's Hospital Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) items. Additionally these personality traits and SGRQ items were partially correlated with CES-D score. Effectors for CES-D were "Nervousness" "Sense of cooperation", and "Symptoms" of SGRQ. [Conclusion] Subjects who exhibited depression displayed traits such as a sense of inferiority, nervousness, lack of cooperation, inactivity, thinking introversion, excessive punctuality and unsociability. Therefore, in COPD patients, consideration of personality traits can be linked to early detection and appropriate treatment of depression via methods such as group cognitive behavioral therapy in respiratory rehabilitation.

中途視覚障害者のリハビリテーションにおける心理的変化

In study 1, the purpose was to examine the psychological changes during rehabilitation for newly visually impaired people. Before and after the 6 months rehabilitation training, we conducted Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory and Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS). The results showed that scores of depression, cyclic tendencies, feeling of inferiority, nervousness, lack of objectivity, and anxiety decreased and ascendance increased significantly. In study 2, we compared the differeces of scores between those who needed psychotherapy in addition to rehabilitation training and those who didn't. People who needed psychotherapy scored significantly higher on the depression and lack of objectivity scales than those who didn't. Supportive and behavioral counseling was conducted, however no significant changes were observed before and after psychotherapy as a whole. Furthermore, the relations among the methods, purposes and effects of psychotherapy were not observal. As a conclusion, we need to develop methods of psychotherapy which accelerate the acceptance of disability and improve psychological adaptation sufficiently.

Personality correlates of autobiographical memory

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between personality traits and autobiographical memory. Ninety-one (91) undergraduates completed an autobiographical memory questionnaire, describing experiences of unpleasant emotional episodes, and then rating their qualities: Vividness, emotionality, influence, and so on. They also completed a number of personality inventories, including the Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory and Self-Acceptance Inventory. Results indicated that emotionally stable and high-activity subjects perceived past unpleasant episodes as more positive, although there was no qualitative difference. Compared with emotionally unstable and low-activity subjects, they also had a higher self-acceptance score, and acknowledged and accepted own shortcomings. People with adaptive personality appear to have positive views on many aspects of the self. These findings were interpreted from the self-schema perspective of memory.

義歯または義歯の装着に関する患者の心理的因子 構成因子の抽出および義歯の受容との関連性

The purpose of this study was to find factors related to patients' evaluative attitudes toward dentures or denture wearing, to investigate construct validity and relation to denture acceptance. The subjects were 263 patients, who visited The School of Dentistry of Aichi-Gakuin University. They were given a questionnaire concerning their opinions and feelings about dentures or denture wearing, and a few items asking the patients' satisfaction with their dentures. Their psychological tendencies were evaluated by Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory and Cornell Medical Index.To find factors of the patients' evaluative attitudes, the principal factor solution with varimax rotation was applied.The results were as follows:1. Three factors found by factor analysis were as follows: F-1 (usefulness), F-2 (comfort), and F-3 (anxiety).2. There appeared to be a relationship between patients' evaluative attitudes and their sex, denture experience, and age. These results indicated construct validity of their attitude items.3. A low relationship was found between the patients' personality and the second factor, namely, comfort.4. Significant correlation was found between the patients' satisfaction with their dentures and each of the found factors. The correlation coefficients were as follows: usefulness (0.37), comfort (-0.38), and anxiety (-0.20).5. It can be concluded that the patients' evaluative attitudes were quantitatively measured and important to denture acceptance.

大学生の学習観と性格特性との関連性

The purposes of this study were to construct a questionnaire on views of learning, and examine the relationships between the views and personality traits. Seventy-five vocational-school students completed a questionnaire on views on learning, which consisted of 18 items. Factor analysis of the data found three factors: learning as the basis of life, negative thoughts on learning, and freeness of learning. Then, 109 college students filled out the questionnaire and the Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory. Some of the significant correlations were as follows: (1) Learning as the basis of life negatively correlated with "Depression" and "Lack of Cooperativeness." (2) Negative thoughts on learning correlated negatively with "Depression," "Inferiority," "Neurosis," and "Lack of Cooperativeness," and positively with "General Activity," "Dominance," and "Social extroversion." Relationships between views of learning and personality were discussed.

PERSONALITY TRAIT OF ASTHMATIC CHILDREN

To study the characteristics of personality in children with bronchial asthma, we examined 89 asthmatic and 71 healthy children in terms of sex and age (1-4 grades, 5, 6 grades at elementary school) using the Yatabe-Guilford (Y-G) Personality Inventory which measures conscious aspects of parsonality and the Picture Frustration (PF) Study which measures unconscious aspects of personality. There were two major findings. 1) A finding of both tests showed that there were sex and age differences the characteristics of the personality of asthmatic children. Especially in the PF Study asthmatic boys in 5, 6 grades were inclined to be more aggressive, but asthmatic girls in 5, 6 grades were inclined to conform themselves to the social environment around them to an excessive degree as compared to the results of children in 1-4 grades. 2) The results of asthmatic children in 5, 6 grades on the Y-G Personality Inventory significantly differed from their results on the PF Study as compared to the results of children in 1-4 grades. It is suggested that the batteries of psychological tests could help us to examine various aspects of personality of asthmatic children.

A study of revised self-monitoring scale

The present study attempted to construct the Japanese version of Revised Self-Monitoring Scale (Lennox & Wolfe, 1984). Factor analysis of this scale yielded two factors: 1) Sensitivity to expressive behavior of others, 2) Ability to modify self-presentation. This scale and its two factors had acceptable internal consistency: these results were almost similar with the original study. In correlational analyses with other personality measures, this scale correlated positively with both Private and Public Self-Consciousness Scale and Maudsley Personality Inventory-E Scale, but positively or negatively with some scales of Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory (e.g., G, S: positively. I, T: negatively.). Moreover the correlations between the two factors and the above mentioned measures provided interesting results. The availability of this scale was discussed.

Affiliative achievement motivation and non-affiliative achievement motivation of female students

The purpose of this study was to investigate the two dimensional theory of achievement motivation (Doi, 1982) in female students. Doi's motivation scale were administered to 81 female university students, 58 female students of school of nursing and 77 female students of school of English Language, and the Yatabe-Guilford personality inventory was also administered to the first and the second groups. Affiliative achievement motivation and non-affiliative achievement motivation were extracted by principal component analyses and canonical correlation analyses. Non-affiliative achievement motivation was found to be related to personality type: emotional instability and introversion. These findings differ from achievement motivation concepts (Murray, 1938; McClelland, Atkinson, Clark, & Lowell, 1953), that include emotional stability and extraversion.

頭頚部癌患者に対する心身医学的アプローチ

We conducted a psychosomatic study on patients with cancer of the head and neck. The Yatabe-Guilford personality inventory was conducted repeatedly before and after treatment. The results revealed psychological instability in particularly in the patients with early cancer. In addition, the relax image method was employed in patients having psychological problems. This method was found to be useful in promoting psychological stabilization. The psychosomatic approach to the treatment of cancer will enable physicians to proceed with the treatment of cancer more positively.

下顎前突症患者における心理学的研究 男女別の術前患者群・対照群・術後患者群の相互比較

We administered The Yatabe-Guilford personality inventory (abbr. Y-G), The Cornell Medicall Index (abbr. CMI) and The Semmantic Differential technique (abbr. SD) prior to and one year after orthognathic surgery to 100 mandibular prognathism patients (33 males and 67 females). Furthermore, we administered the same tests to general young men and women 100 persons each, and regarded them that as the respective control groups. After dividing the patients by sex, we made comparisons between the pre-operative patient group (Pre op.) and the control group between the pre-operative patient and post-operative patient group, and between the post-operative patient group (Post op.) and the control group.The results obtained are as follows:1. Comparison between Pre op. and control groups.(1) According to Y-G types and personality characteristics, males showed a tendency toward emotional insecurity, social unadaptability and introversion. There were few significant differences in females.(2) The present studies have not thrown light upon the correlation between the mandibular prognathism and the tendency of neurosis, but males had the tendency. According to the affirmed number of CMI, males and females alike of the Pre op. Scored higher marks on the mental side. And this tendency emerged stronger among male patients.(3) According to SD, both male and female Pre op. patients clearly had inferiority complex in social activities and attractiveness.2. Comparison between Pre op. and Post op.(1) Male and female Post op. patients showed improvement in emotion, social adaptability and introverted activity. The degree of improvement emerged higher among female patients.(2) In the Post op., we found decreased neurosis tendency, but there were no significant sex differences. We found the improvement in emotion also in affirmed number of CMI, and the tendency emerged higher among female patients.(3) In self estimation of SD, the post-operative patients were conscious of becoming active. This tendency also emerged higher among female patients.3. Comparison between Post op. and control groups.(1) According to Y-G type, male and female alike, there were few significant differences in the control group. But males were still more introverted in the personality charactreistics. In the meantime, females in the Post op. group were much better than those in the control.(2) In the tendency of neurosis, the Post op. differed little from the control.

達成動機の二次元と性格

The purpose of the present study was to identify the dimensional features of achievement motivation and to investigate the nature of the relationship between achievement motivation and personality. Doi's motivation scales and Yatabe-Guilford personality inventory were administered to 217 male university students. Factor analyses and canonical correlation analysis were used to extract two dimensions of achievement motivation- (1) affiliative achievement motivation and (2) non-affiliative achievement motivation. Affiliative achievement motivation was positively correlated with achievement, affiliation and general activity and negatively correlated with lack of cooperativeness. Non-affiliative achievement motivation was positively correlated with achievement, depression, nervousness and lack of cooperativeness and negatively correlated with affiliation and thinking extraversion. These findings suggested that the relationship between achievement motivation and personality may depend on cultural factors.

A statistical approach to Yatabe-Guilford personality inventory and manifest anxiety scale of the elderly

In nursing, if we know an elderly person's mental condition, and that which does not make him/her too tired, this method can be very useful. Using this method we predicted the MAS score from scores of Y-G scales. We obtained the MAS score results by the following formula: MAS score not equal to 0.31 X Lack of objectivity +0.41 X Inferiority feelings -0.15 X Ascendance +0.34 X Y-G Nervousness +0.30 X Y-G Depression +9.54.

下がく前突症患者の性格と手術に対する心理的反応 Ｙ‐Ｇ検査による

Although surgical correction of prognathism improves appearance of the patients in most cases, it sometimes happens that they are not necessarily satisfied with the operation. We thought that the most important reason for this might be personality tendencies. Therefore, we administered a personality inventory (the Yatabe-Guilford personality inventory) and a questionnaire before the operation and one year after the operation to 60 patients who came to our clinic.Their personality tendencies were first classified into 5 types in terms of the so-called Y-G personality types. Second, we analyzed the relation between the personality type and the response to each item of the questionnaire. Moreover, we analyzed the changes in patients' personality types as well as the scale values of the Y-G personality inventory before and after the operation.The results obtained are summarized as follows:1. Relation between the Y-G type and the response to the questionnaire administered after the operation(1) According to the multivariate analysis of contingency table (MAC), the Y-G personality type was the D-type (the director type), the B-type (the black-list type), the C-type (the calm type), the A-type (the average type), and the E-type (the eccentric type), in order of degree of satisfaction with the operation.(2) Moreover, the five Y-G types were divided globally into two groups, one including the B and D types, and the other including the A and E types. The former consists of patients who were satisfied very much with the operation and the latter consists of those who were not necessarily satisfied with the operation.2. Change in the Y-G personality inventory before and after the operation(1) Decreases in depression and inferiority feelings and increases in thinking extroversion and ascendance were both statistically significant.(2) Personality types of 33. 3% of the patients changed to emotionally stabler or more extraversive ones, while only 6. 7% of the patients changed to more introversive ones.

女子骨格型下がく前突者に対する外科的矯正治療効果についての心理学的評価

This study evaluates the psychological effects in female patients who underwent orthognathic surgery of mandibular prognathism.Twenty-nine untreated and 28 post-operative female patients were selected as the Pre-Operative Group (Pre Op.) and the Post-Operative Group (Post Op.) respectively.In order to compare these two groups, the Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory and a questionnaire specially designed for this study were used. The questionnaire was composed of 20 items concerning facial esthetics and oral functions. Each answer being accompanied by a 7-point response scale was statistically analyzed by factor analysis.As the results of this questionnaire, 6 factors were extracted. In both the second factor (inferiority complex about facial profiles) and the third one (inferiority complex about tooth alignment), the factor scores of the Post Op. were significantly lower than those of the Pre Op.The results of the Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory showed that the Post Op. had relatively less Depression (D) and Nervousness (N), and conversely greater Cooperativeness (Co) than the Pre Op.Since the inferiority derived from unesthetic facial profiles and malocclusions was dramatically improved in the post operative stage, it could be concluded that the orthognathic surgery greatly contributed to acquirve the emotional stabilization and the social adaptation for female mandibular prognathic patients.

スポーツ教室参加児童のパーソナリティの検討

The purposes of this study are to clarify the effect of participation in the sport club upon personality development and to gain some basic data to be used for the guidance in the sport club, especially in the community sport clubs which are remarkably increasing recently. The subjects used in this study were a total of 254 children (149 boys and 105 girls) who participated in Kyoto City Mini-Basketball Club and were examined from 1975 to 1978, and 500 of non-member school children (245 boys and 255 girls) examined in 1978. All of them were between 10 and 12 years of age. Sociometric Test and Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory were conducted together with the examination of behavioral characteristics and sports skill and the following results were obtained: 1) After discussing inclusively their out-door playtime and the number of friends outside of the club, it is presumed that those who are the members of the mini-basketball club have more emotional stability and leadership. Furthermore, girls show more social adjustment and tend to be more active than non-member school children. 2) The children in the mini-basketball club tend to organize sub-groups according to the primary schools they belong to, and in the case of boys, they are apt to gather around a popular person who is an "old-timer" in the club. 3) Generally speaking, the children Who hold higher rank in Sociometric Status mark greater scores in emotional stability, activity and leadership in Y-G Personality Inventory (show type D), and also in sport skill test. Furthermore, they show brightness, cheerfulness, promptness, kindness and attractiveness in terms of their behavioral characteristics.

A Ten Year Investigation of Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory among Female Office Workers

A Ten Year Investigation of Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory among Female Office Workers

Differences in decision time between extraverts and introverts under the "task-oriented situation" and the "ego-oriented situation".

The individual differences in decision time for conflict situations were investigated chiefly in the contexts of extraversion and introversion measured by the Maudsley Personality Inventory and the Social Extraversion scores of Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory. Under “task-oriented instruction” introverts decided faster than extraverts but with “ego-oriented instruction” extraverts decided faster than introverts. These results were discussed in terms of personality traits of introverts and extraverts.

Reappraisal of health questionnaire checking with Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory

Recently, concept and methodology of multiphasic mass screening examinations have developed and the need for application in school health practice has increased a great deal. Such being the case, the author felt the necessity to analyze the correlation between complaints expressed by subjective insight and the personalities investigated by psychological methods.Okayama Medical Index (O.M.I.) has been adopted as a health questionnaire, and those having many complaints, or those having little or no complaints according to this questionnaire were investigated by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and Yatabe-Guilford Personality Inventory (Y-G).The results were as follows:1. The students of senior high school were verified to be mentally healthy and suitiable as subjects for study purposes. The students of junior high school were not as suitable as examinees for MMPI testing.2. Those having little or no complaints by O.M.I. include persons of high score in Pa and Sc. Those having many complaints include persons of high score in neurotic scales such as Hs, Hy and Pt. Though persons of many complaints can be judged as neurotic, there is much doubt as to whether or not healthy persons with little or no complaints can be accurately evaluated.3. Those having little or no complaints by O. M. I. include many persons possessing high levels of social adaptability as well as emotional stability. On the contrary, those having many complaints included persons with low levels of social adaptability and emtional instability. However, it cannot be concluded that persons having little or no complaints are always mentally healthy. Further observation and investigation is required.4. The investigations of the author reveal that complaints as expressed by subjective insight correlate with personality characteristics.