XXth International Research Articles

Oh, Behave!: PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS, XXth International Conference on Infant Studies New Orleans, LA, US May 2016.

Behavior is essential for understanding infant learning and development. Although behavior is transient and ephemeral, we have the technology to make it tangible and enduring. Video uniquely captures and preserves the details of behavior and the surrounding context. By sharing videos for documentation and data reuse, we can exploit the tremendous opportuni-ties provided by infancy research and overcome the important challenges in studying behavior. The Datavyu video coding software and Databrary digital video library provide tools and infrastructure for mining and sharing the richness of video. This article is based on my Presidential Address to the International Congress on Infant Studies in New Orleans, May 22, 2016 (Video 1 at https://www.databrary.org/volume/955/slot/39352/-?asset=190106. Given that the article de-scribes the power of video for understanding behavior, I use video clips rather than static images to illustrate most of my points, and the videos are shared on the Databrary library.

The XXth International Conference on the History of Management Thought and Business “Management and roles of Managers: Yesterday,Today,Tomorrow”

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Deference to the Administration in Judicial Review

This report, prepared for the XXth International Congress on Comparative Law, to be held in Fukuoka, Japan, in July, 2018, concerns the U.S. law governing judicial deference to decisions by administrative officials. The report argues that there may be a number of reasons why courts may determine as a matter of fact that aspects concerning the making of an administrative decision—including the administrator’s expertise and experience in technical or scientific matters, the administration’s consistency in similar matters, or the care with which the administration justifies its action—warrant some degree of deference to the administrative decision. But the broadest and most important type of judicial deference in U.S. law is required as a matter of law in order to preserve the meaningfulness of the zone of discretion which the legislature is normally understood to have delegated to administrative agencies when they are given adjudicative or law-making power. These doctrines of de jure judicial deference, the most celebrated of which is Chevron deference, are part of the American system of rather broad diffusion of powers of governance, a pattern that includes but is not limited to the American versions of separation of powers and federalism. Substantial judicial deference to administrative agencies is thus of particular importance to U.S. law because it is part of the system of divided powers that we have in the United States, which is in turn part of the broader pattern of a strongly market-centered (that is, not state-centered) political economy.

The Interpretation and Effect of Permissive Forum Selection Clauses Under U.S. Law

A forum selection clause is a form of contractual waiver. By this device, a contract party waives its rights to raise jurisdictional or venue objections if a lawsuit is initiated against it in the chosen court. The use of such a clause in a particular case may therefore raise a set of questions under contract law. Is the waiver valid? Was it procured by fraud, duress, or other unconscionable means? What is its scope? And so on. Unlike most contractual waivers, though, a forum selection clause affects not only the private rights and obligations of the parties, but something of more public concern: the jurisdiction of a court to resolve a dispute. The enforcement of such a clause therefore raises an additional set of questions under procedural law. For instance, if the parties designate a court in a forum that is otherwise unconnected to the dispute, must (or should) that court hear a case initiated there? If one of the parties initiates litigation in a non-designated forum that is connected to the dispute, must (or should) that court decline to hear the case? This report, prepared for the International Academy of Comparative Law in connection with its XXth International Congress, analyzes the approach to these questions in the United States. The bottom line is straightforward: almost always, in consumer as well as commercial contracts, forum selection clauses will be enforced. Navigating the array of substantive, procedural, and conflicts rules whose interplay yields that result, though, is far less straightforward. That is the task of this report. Following a short background, it surveys current state law on their use, in consumer as well as commercial contracts. The report then discusses the interpretation and enforcement of forum selection clauses in both state and federal courts. It analyzes their effect on jurisdiction as well as on doctrines involving venue, such as removal and forum non conveniens. The report also covers choice of law problems, particularly as they arise in the course of litigation in federal courts.

Deference to the Administration in Judicial Review

This report, prepared for the XXth International Congress on Comparative Law, to be held in Fukuoka, Japan, in July, 2018, concerns the U.S. law governing judicial deference to decisions by administrative officials. The report argues that there may be a number of reasons why courts may determine as a matter of fact that aspects concerning the making of an administrative decision—including the administrator’s expertise and experience in technical or scientific matters, the administration’s consistency in similar matters, or the care with which the administration justifies its action—warrant some degree of deference to the administrative decision. But the broadest and most important type of judicial deference in U.S. law is required as a matter of law in order to preserve the meaningfulness of the zone of discretion which the legislature is normally understood to have delegated to administrative agencies when they are given adjudicative or law-making power. These doctrines of de jure judicial deference, the most celebrated of which is Chevron deference, are part of the American system of rather broad diffusion of powers of governance, a pattern that includes but is not limited to the American versions of separation of powers and federalism. Substantial judicial deference to administrative agencies is thus of particular importance to U.S. law because it is part of the system of divided powers that we have in the United States, which is in turn part of the broader pattern of a strongly market-centered (that is, not state-centered) political economy.

The Legal Regulation of U.S. Crowdfunding: An Organically Evolving Patchwork

The legal regulation of crowdfunding in the United States is neither well calibrated nor holistic. With the exception of specific securities regulation legislation, the regulation of crowdfunding under U.S. law exists as an extension of principles of pre-existing regulation to a specific new and continually changing Internet-based financing space. As a result, while some common consumer protection objectives can be identified, the legal regulatory approach to crowdfunding did not develop through deliberate, rational choice based on coherent public policy objectives. Instead, it arose and evolved by necessity in response to the spontaneous and natural origination and development of crowdfunding as a socioeconomic phenomenon. As a general matter, U.S. law regulates crowdfunding based on the deemed nature of the financial interest of the funder. Some funders expect nothing back in return for their contribution to a crowdfunding campaign; others expect a good, service, or possible financial return. Each of these funding interests is governed by distinct rules operating, most prominently, to protect the funder from certain elements of risk. Regulation of these various types of offering also may have the objective of fostering or encouraging that particular type of financial instrument or method of financing. Accordingly, it is important to identify various types of crowdfunding in the United States based on the nature of the applicable funding interest and the various manners in which crowdfunding is engaged to best understand how crowdfunding is regulated under U.S. law. This report, written in anticipation of the The XXth International Congress of the International Academy of Comparative Law (to be held in 2018 in Fukuoka, Japan), begins by identifying and defining types of crowdfunding that engage U.S. legal regulation. It continues by briefly describing the legal regulation applicable to each type. This represents the bulk of the report. Finally, before concluding, the report highlights a few additional legal regulatory risks and considerations in U.S. crowdfunding.

Groups of Companies - The Finnish Model

Companies organize into groups for various reasons. From a legal point of view a group of companies is an interesting subject of research, since it is a topic that affects various different areas of law. Also, groups of companies are often transnational so that the parent company and the subsidiaries operate in different jurisdictions. Legal provisions concerning groups are, however, quite national and therefore it is important to know, how groups of companies are regulated in different countries. In light of this background, the purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive overview of the law regarding Finnish groups of companies. The research has been conducted so that the initial focus is on company law and cooperative law-related issues, as well as accounting. After the main analysis, there is a brief overview of other group-specific rules. Here the focus is on tax law, insolvency law and labor law matters. Finally, the research findings are summarized in a brief conclusions section. The article is part of the International Academy of Comparative Law’s “Groups of Companies” research project and the research findings will be presented at the Academy’s XXth International Congress 2018, Fukuoka, Japan.

Sexual Plant Reproduction Congresses: 2008

Last year, there were two major and highly successful conferences that related to sexual plant reproduction and its eponymous journal Sexual Plant Reproduction: the ‘‘XXth International Congress on Sexual Plant Reproduction,’’ 4–8 August 2008, in Brasilia, Brazil, and ‘‘Frontiers in Sexual Plant Reproduction III,’’ 17–19 October 2008. Many participants in this area of research attended one of these meetings, and several attended both. With this issue, this journal launches a celebration of both of these meetings with a collection of special contributions that include new and novel research, as well as perspectives and reviews on topics emerging from these meetings. These contributions drew considerable interest and are therefore expected to span another one or two issues. Our hope is that Sexual Plant Reproduction will become increasingly attractive as a venue not only for original research, but also for papers of general interest to researchers in this area who contribute to understanding the challenges involved in the mechanisms and genetic consequences governing plant reproduction and the completion of the life cycle of plants in general.

Abstracts of the Conjoint Meeting of XXth International Pigment Cell Conference & Vth International Melanoma Research Congress

Pigment Cell & Melanoma ResearchVolume 21, Issue 2 p. 243-336 Abstracts of the Conjoint Meeting of XXth International Pigment Cell Conference & Vth International Melanoma Research Congress First published: 28 June 2008 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-148X.2008.00458_3.xCitations: 4Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume21, Issue2April 2008Pages 243-336 RelatedInformation

Categories of modules over an affine Kac–Moody algebra and finiteness of the Kazhdan–Lusztig tensor product

To each category C of modules of finite length over a complex simple Lie algebra g , closed under tensoring with finite dimensional modules, we associate and study a category AFF ( C ) κ of smooth modules (in the sense of Kazhdan and Lusztig [D. Kazhdan, G. Lusztig, Tensor structures arising from affine Lie algebras, I, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 6 (1993) 905–947]) of finite length over the corresponding affine Kac–Moody algebra in the case of central charge less than the critical level. Equivalent characterizations of these categories are obtained in the spirit of the works of Kazhdan and Lusztig [D. Kazhdan, G. Lusztig, Tensor structures arising from affine Lie algebras, I, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 6 (1993) 905–947] and Lian and Zuckerman [B.H. Lian, G.J. Zuckerman, BRST cohomology and noncompact coset models, in: Proceedings of the XXth International Conference on Differential Geometric methods in Theoretical Physics, New York, 1991, 1992, pp. 849–865; B.H. Lian, G.J. Zuckerman, An application of infinite dimensional Lie theory to semisimple Lie groups, in: Representation Theory of Groups and Algebras, in: Contemp. Math., vol. 145, 1993, pp. 249–257]. In the main part of this paper we establish a finiteness result for the Kazhdan–Lusztig tensor product which can be considered as an affine version of a theorem of Kostant [B. Kostant, On the tensor product of a finite and an infinite dimensional representation, J. Funct. Anal. 20 (1975) 257–285]. It contains as special cases the finiteness results of Kazhdan, Lusztig [D. Kazhdan, G. Lusztig, Tensor structures arising from affine Lie algebras, I, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 6 (1993) 905–947] and Finkelberg [M. Finkelberg, PhD thesis, Harvard University, 1993], and states that for any subalgebra f of g which is reductive in g the “affinization” of the category of finite length admissible ( g , f ) modules is stable under Kazhdan–Lusztig's tensoring with the “affinization” of the category of finite dimensional g modules (which is O κ in the notation of [D. Kazhdan, G. Lusztig, Tensor structures arising from affine Lie algebras, I, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 6 (1993) 905–947; D. Kazhdan, G. Lusztig, Tensor structures arising from affine Lie algebras, II, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 6 (1994) 949–1011; D. Kazhdan, G. Lusztig, Tensor structures arising from affine Lie algebras, IV, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 7 (1994) 383–453]).

Reading Joyce Again For the First Time: A Report on the XXth International James Joyce Symposium, Budapest and Szombathely, 11-17 June 2006

Reading Joyce Again For the First Time: A Report on the XXth International James Joyce Symposium, Budapest and Szombathely, 11-17 June 2006

제 20차 국제 초지학회와 최신 연구동향

제 20차 국제 초지학회와 최신 연구동향

Abstracts

Journal of Thrombosis and HaemostasisVolume 3, Issue s1 p. H01-SYM90 Free Access Abstracts First published: 12 September 2013 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.03000.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume3, Issues1Special Issue: Abstracts of the XXth International Congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Sydney Convention Centre, Australia 6 ‐12 August, 2005August 2005Pages H01-SYM90 RelatedInformation

Abstracts

Journal of Thrombosis and HaemostasisVolume 3, Issue s1 p. H01-H18 Free Access Abstracts First published: 12 September 2013 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.0300a.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume3, Issues1Special Issue: Abstracts of the XXth International Congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Sydney Convention Centre, Australia 6 -12 August, 2005August 2005Pages H01-H18 RelatedInformation

Abstracts

Journal of Thrombosis and HaemostasisVolume 3, Issue s1 p. P0001-P2386 Free Access Abstracts First published: 12 September 2013 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.0300c.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume3, Issues1Special Issue: Abstracts of the XXth International Congress of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Sydney Convention Centre, Australia 6 ‐12 August, 2005August 2005Pages P0001-P2386 RelatedInformation

Synthesis of Substituted 1‐\C\‐Phenyl‐D‐tetritols and 1‐C‐(1H‐Pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐D‐tetritols by Ring Transformation of 2‐Formylglycals.

AbstractFor Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.

XXth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing: part II

AbstractReports from the XXth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, held at the Istanbul Convention and Exhibition Centre (ICEC), Turkey, from 12th to 23rd July 2004, continue here with Technical Commission VII activities, including the formation for 2004–8 of two new Commissions concerned with remote sensing, TCs VII and VIII. Papers from the Congress are published in Volume XXXV of the International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences.

Synthesis of Substituted 1‐\\C\\‐Phenyl‐D‐Tetritols and 1‐C‐(1H‐Pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐D‐tetritols by Ring Transformation of 2‐Formylglycals# ‡

2‐Formylglycals 1a,b reacted with dialkyl 3‐oxoglutarates in the presence of base to furnish the 5‐[(1R,2R(S),3R)‐1,2,4‐tris(benzyloxy)‐3‐hydroxy‐butyl]‐2‐hydroxy‐isophthalic acid dialkyl esters 2a–d. Treatment of 1a,b with hydrazine derivatives afforded the substituted 1,2,4‐tri‐O‐benzyl‐1C‐(1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐D‐tetritols 5a–d. Deprotection of 5a,b was achieved with Pd/H2 to yield the 1C‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐4‐yl)‐D‐tetritols 6a,b. #Dedicated to Professor Dr. Dr. hc. Adolf Zschunke on the occasion of his 65th birthday. ‡Presented at the XXth International Carbohydrate Symposium, Hamburg, Germany, 2000.

Complements trip: XXth International Complement Workshop, 13–18 June 2004, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

Complements trip: XXth International Complement Workshop, 13–18 June 2004, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA

Xxth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

AbstractThe XXth International Congress of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing was held at the Istanbul Convention and Exhibition Centre (ICEC), Turkey, from 12th to 23rd July 2004. Reports are given on the Congress as a whole, including the General Assembly, some Technical Commission activities and the Congress Exhibition. Papers from the Congress are published in Volume XXXV of the International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences.