X-ray Collimator Research Articles

Evaluation of X-ray Beam Collimation in Adult Chest Radiography.

Restricting the irradiated volume can reduce X-ray scattering incidents on the image receptor. Proper X-ray collimation during medical imaging reduces a patient's dose while improving image quality. Even though the patient radiation dose due to chest X-ray imaging is low, the 'as low as reasonably achievable' (ALARA) principle should be satisfied, especially for young patients. To evaluate the accuracy of collimation in digital chest radiography. Ninety-eight chest radiographs were studied retrospectively from February 2021 to December 2021. Chest images were collected from three main centers in the Madinah region of Saudi Arabia. The ratio of the field of interest area to the field of view (FOV) was measured and calculated to determine the accuracy of X-ray beam collimation. Out of 98 chest radiographs enrolled in the study, 87.8% (n=80) were adequately collimated, while 12.2% (n=18) were rejected due to inadequate collimation. The ratio of the field of interest collimated area of chest radiographs was 0.547, which indicated an acceptable value. Among the three centers, Center 2 showed higher, significant, adequate collimation than Center 1 (P<0.001) and Center 3 (P=0.007). There was a significant gender difference in collimation levelsas the level of collimation of female chest radiographs is inferior to that of males (P>0.001). The collimation of chest radiographs among the three centers was adequate. Based on the study findings, the X-ray beam collimation was sufficient, indicating good optimization and no unnecessary radiation exposure to patients and staff. The collimation of chest radiographs in females was significantly inferior to that of males.

A Projection Integration Method for X-ray Collimator Design.

One of the recent trends in radiation therapy is to increaseconformal and accurate dose deliverysuch as in stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Treating small lesions and brain disorders requires the accurate placement of small radiation fields deep inside the human cranium.To design a collimator meeting these requirements, a new numerical concept was developed, which is presented here. The algorithm proposed here can generate beam profiles of plural collimation apertures and arbitrary initial beam spot distributions in a time-efficient method. It is an ideal tool to optimize collimator design for penumbra, dose rate, and field size. The intensity of the source beam spot is divided into slices, and each slice is projected onto the treatment plane at the isocenter through the collimator apertures.The illuminated field range and intensity are determined by geometry and the intensity of that slice of beam source, respectively.By integrating the projected intensity across all the slicesof the source profile, the profile on the treatment plane is obtained. The algorithm is used to generate beam profiles of a conical pencil beam collimator system and compare them to the Monte Carlo simulation as well as measurements. It canalso be used to demonstrate the impact of collimator shape on the beam penumbra, dose rate, and field size. The projection integration method provides a quick and informative tool for collimator design. The results were validated with the Monte Carlo simulation and measurements. This method was demonstrated to be effective for optimizing beam characteristics.

Partial-Volume Irradiation of Murine Tumors.

Radiotherapy is a widely used approach for cancer treatment. However, delivering a single high dose of radiation to bulky tumors can be challenging due to the toxicities induced in the surrounding healthy tissue. To overcome this issue, a nonuniform high dose can be delivered using partial-volume tumor irradiation or spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT). Moreover, SFRT has the potential to induce a stronger antitumor immune response compared to traditional radiotherapy due to the preservation of immune cells in the unirradiated tumor regions. There are several SFRT approaches, including GRID therapy, three-dimensional GRID therapy (LATTICE), microbeam radiation therapy (MRT), and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for PArtial Tumor irradiation targeting exclusively the HYpoxic segment (SBRT-PATHY). The following protocol describes partial-volume tumor irradiation, a technique that enables dose delivery to only a part of the tumor in mice using an X-ray generator and collimators of different dimensions that limit the size of the irradiation field.

Development of X-Ray Collimators to Identify Sources of Radiation in Devices Insulated by Large Vacuum Gaps

Development of X-Ray Collimators to Identify Sources of Radiation in Devices Insulated by Large Vacuum Gaps

A Pulsar Vector Observation-Based Link Acquisition Method for X-Ray Communications

X-ray communication (XCOM) is an emerging laser communication technique for deep space applications. Traditional link acquisition of laser communications depends significantly on Earth support and shows little autonomy. For XCOM, a pulsar vector observation-based link acquisition method is proposed, which utilizes noncooperative pulsars in deep space as beacons to acquire absolute attitude information and accomplish link acquisition. Firstly, a pulsar vector observation model was established based on the coordinate definition of the X-ray detector and X-ray collimator model. Secondly, a modified “success-failure” pulsar vector search algorithm with two degrees of freedom was proposed to acquire the pulsar vector. With the pulsar vector and the relative attitude obtained from inertial sensors, the link acquisition pointing vector could be determined. Finally, the performance of the proposed method was evaluated using numerical experiments, and factors that influence the performance are discussed and analyzed.

Analysis of the Effect of Pulse Width on Nonlinear Thomson Scattering from an Applied Magnetic Field

The effects of magnetic fields on electron dynamics, spatially radiated power, and radiation spectra in tightly focused circularly polarized laser pulses are studied in detail. The laser wavelength λ0=1 μm. As the pulse width increases from λ0 to 6λ0, the electron dynamics, spatially radiated power, and spectral properties stabilize, and the benefit that can be enhanced by increasing the pulse width decreases continuously, i.e., saturation is reached. However, although the benefits are better at pulse widths equal to 6λ0, to obtain high-energy, highly collimated X-rays, tightly focused circularly polarized laser pulses with larger pulse widths is better.

Collimation by a polycapillary half lens at 277 eV.

We report on the efficient collimation of soft X-rays with an energy of 277 eV by a halved polycapillary lens (PCL), made of borosilicate glass. Using electron-excited, micro fluorescence emission in the focus of the PCL, experiments reveal an angular divergence of (6.9 ± 0.2) mrad in the far field of the emitted beam. For a source of ≈5μm in size, that result is confirmed by simulations, obtained with a newly developed ray tracing code. An analytical fit model is proposed and applied to characterize the evolution of the measured as well as calculated, three-dimensional (3-D) intensity distribution. The photon flux density in a free-space propagation distance of (0.4 - 0.9) m from the PCL is enhanced by a factor of ≈(30 - 90) in comparison to the direct, not collimated radiation, as it is detected through a mm-sized transmission slit. Our findings could help to establish the halved PCL as a versatile tool in the table-top metrology of optical elements, such as mirrors and gratings for soft X-rays.

UJI KESESUAIAN PESAWAT PANORAMIC CHEPALOMETRIC DI LABORATORIUM JURUSAN TEKNIK RADIODIAGNOSTIK DAN RADIOTERAPI, POLTEKKES KEMENKES SEMARANG (UJI MENGGUNAKAN FILM GAFCHROMIC)

Background: X-ray equipment used for radiographic examination according to Bapeten regulations must undergo a compliance test, both for new installation and for relocating. The Panoramic Chepalometry in the Department of Radiodiagnostics and Radiotherapy Techniques Semarang is a new device and has undergone a relocation from the initial installation. In addition, the unique condition of the Panoramic Chepalometry is direct image processing or direct radiography, so a special method is needed for testing x-ray collimation beams, namely using gafchromic films&#x0D; Methods: The research is experimental with a one shot case study at the Laboratory of the Department of Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Techniques, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang. The research object is a Panoramic cephalometry device. The measuring instrument used was Raysave, and the test parameters measured were: X-ray beam, voltage accuracy, time accuracy, linearity, reproducibility, HVL, and tube container leakage. The analysis of the test results is adjusted to Bapeten regulation no. 2 of 2018&#x0D; Results: Parameter test results obtained: X-ray beam is still within normal limits, voltage accuracy measurement results obtained a maximum error of 2.73% (max. limit 6%), time accuracy obtained a maximum error of 7.8% (max. limit 10 %), linearity was not measured because the mA value was fixed, reproducibility was obtained CV at a voltage of 0.0012 and radiation output of 0.0006 (CV≤ 0.05), x-ray beam quality (HVL) was obtained at 3.72 mm Al at 80 kVp (HVL limit ≥ 2.3 mm Al), and no leakage in the tube housing&#x0D; Conclusions: The results of the panoramic cephalometric compliance test at the Laboratory of the Department of Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Techniques, Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, on 7 test parameters as a whole are still within normal limits according to Perka Bapeten no.2 of 2018

Bayesian optimization to design a novel x-ray shaping device.

In radiation therapy, x-ray dose must be precisely sculpted to the tumor, while simultaneously avoiding surrounding organs at risk. This requires modulation of x-ray intensity in space and/or time. Typically, this is achieved using a multi leaf collimator (MLC)-a complex mechatronic device comprising over one hundred individually powered tungsten 'leaves' that move in or out of the radiation field as required. Here, an all-electronic x-ray collimation concept with no moving parts is presented, termed "SPHINX": Scanning Pencil-beam High-speed Intensity-modulated X-ray source. SPHINX utilizes a spatially distributed bremsstrahlung target and collimator array in conjunction with magnetic scanning of a high energy electron beam to generate a plurality of small x-ray "beamlets." A simulation framework was developed in Topas Monte Carlo incorporating a phase space electron source, transport through user defined magnetic fields, bremsstrahlung x-ray production, transport through a SPHINX collimator, and dose in water. This framework was completely parametric, meaning a simulation could be built and run for any supplied geometric parameters. This functionality was coupled with Bayesian optimization to find the best parameter set based on an objective function which included terms to maximize dose rate for a user defined beamlet width while constraining inter-channel cross talk and electron contamination. Designs for beamlet widths of 5, 7, and 10 mm2 were generated. Each optimization was run for 300 iterations and took approximately 40h on a 24-core computer. For the optimized 7-mm model, a simulation of all beamlets in water was carried out including a linear scanning magnet calibration simulation. Finally, a back-of-envelope dose rate formalism was developed and used to estimate dose rate under various conditions. The optimized 5-, 7-, and 10-mm models had beamlet widths of 5.1, 7.2, and 10.1 mm2 and dose rates of 3574, 6351, and 10015Gy/C, respectively. The reduction in dose rate for smaller beamlet widths is a result of both increased collimation and source occlusion. For the simulation of all beamlets in water, the scanning magnet calibration reduced the offset between the collimator channels and beam centroids from 2.9 ±1.9mm to 0.01 ±0.03mm. A slight reduction in dose rate of approximately 2% per degree of scanning angle was observed. Based on a back-of-envelope dose rate formalism, SPHINX in conjunction with next-generation linear accelerators has the potential to achieve substantially higher dose rates than conventional MLC-based delivery, with delivery of an intensity modulated 100 × 100 mm2 field achievable in 0.9 to 10.6 s depending on the beamlet widths used. Bayesian optimization was coupled with Monte Carlo modeling to generate SPHINX geometries for various beamlet widths. A complete Monte Carlo simulation for one of these designs was developed, including electron beam transport of all beamlets through scanning magnets, x-ray production and collimation, and dose in water. These results demonstrate that SPHINX is a promising candidate for sculpting radiation dose with no moving parts, and has the potential to vastly improve both the speed and robustness of radiotherapy delivery. A multi-beam SPHINX system may be a candidate for delivering magavoltage FLASH RT in humans.

Grating X-ray collimator supported by Si&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; membrane with large aspect ratio written directly by electron beam

Grating X-ray collimator supported by Si&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; membrane with large aspect ratio written directly by electron beam

Dosimetry of a novel converging X-ray source for kilovoltage radiotherapy.

The objective of this work was to evaluate phantom dosimetry of a novel kilovoltage (kV) X-ray source, which employs a stationary tungsten anode and a linearly swept scanning electron beam. The source utilizes converging X-ray collimation along with orthogonal mechanical rotation to distribute surface flux over large area. In this study, this was investigated as a potential solution to fast-falloff limitations expected with kV radiotherapy. This was done with the aim of future clinical development of a lower cost radiotherapy alternative to megavoltage (MV) linac systems. Radiochromic film was employed for dosimetry on the kV X-ray source of the linear-converging radiotherapy system (LCRS). The source utilizes charge particle optics to magnetically deflect and focus an electron beam along a stationary, reflection tungsten target in an ultra-high-vacuum stainless-steel chamber. Resulting X-rays were collimated into converging beamlets that span a large planar angle and converge at the system isocenter. In this study, radiochromic film dosimetry was done at 140 and 145 kVp for a designated planning treatment volume (PTV) of 4 cm diameter. An acrylic phantom was employed for dose distribution measurements of stationary and rotational delivery. Film dosimetry was evaluated in planes parallel to the source X-ray window at various depths, as well as in the plane of gantry rotation. At 140 and 145 kVp and using a collimated 4 cm square field at depth, lesion-to-skin dose ratio was shown to improve with additional beams from different relative source positions, where the different beams are focused at the same isocenter and do not overlap at the phantom surface. It was only possible to achieve a 1:1 Dmax -to-surface ratio with four delivery beams, but the ratio improved to 4:1 with 12 beams, focused at the same isocenter depth of 7.8cm in an acrylic phantom. For the tests conducted, the following Dmax -to-surface ratios were obtained: 0.4:1 lesion-to-skin ratio for stationary delivery from one entry beam, 0.71:1 lesion-to-skin ratio was obtained for two beams, 1.07:1 ratio for four beams, and 4:1 for 12 beams. Dose-depth profiles were evaluated for stationary and rotational dosimetry. Additionally, rotational dosimetry was measured for a case more analogous to a clinical scenario, where the isocenter was located at an off-center simulated lesion. The results demonstrate potential dose-depth improvements with kV arc therapy by distributing the surface flux with a wide converging beam along with perpendicular mechanical source rotation of the LCRS. The system delivered tolerable dose to a large surface area when a threshold of multiple, separated beams was reached. The radiochromic film data support the feasibility of the construct of the LCRS kV radiotherapy system design.

Design and verification of the HXI collimator on the ASO-S mission

A space-borne hard X-ray collimator, comprising 91 pairs of grids, has been developed for the Hard X-ray Imager (HXI). The HXI is one of the three scientific instruments onboard the first Chinese solar mission: the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S). The HXI collimator (HXI-C) is a spatial modulation X-ray telescope designed to observe hard X-rays emitted by energetic electrons in solar flares. This paper presents the detailed design of the HXI-C for the qualification model that will be inherited by the flight model. Series tests on the HXI-C qualification model are reported to verify the ability of the HXI-C to survive the launch and to operate normally in on-orbit environments. Furthermore, results of the X-ray beam test for the HXI-C are presented to indirectly identify the working performance of the HXI-C.

Study on Fabrication of X-ray Collimators by X-ray Lithography Using Synchrotron Radiation

Study on Fabrication of X-ray Collimators by X-ray Lithography Using Synchrotron Radiation

Full-field X-ray fluorescence imaging with a straight polycapillary X-ray collimator

Due to the availability of X-ray imaging detectors, full-field X-ray fluorescence (FF-XRF) imaging technique has become achievable, which provides an alternative to scanning X-ray fluorescence imaging with a micro-focus X-ray beamline. In this paper, we present a setup based on straight capillary optics and an energy-dispersive hybrid pixel detector, which can perform simultaneous mapping of several chemical elements. The photon transmission efficiency and spatial resolution are compared between two X-ray collimation setups: one using pinhole optics and one using straight polycapillary optics. There is a tradeoff between the spatial resolution and transmission efficiency when considering X-ray optics. When optimizing the spatial resolution, using straight capillary optics achieved a higher intensity gain when comparing with the pinhole setup. Characterization of the polycapillary imaging setup is performed through analyzing various samples in order to investigate the spatial frequency response and the energy sensitivity. This developed setup is capable of FF-XRF imaging in characteristic energies below 20 keV, while for higher energies the spatial resolution is affected by photon transmission through the collimator. This work shows the potential of the FF-XRF instrument in the monitoring of toxic metal distributions in environmental mapping measurements.

Improving the Efficacy of Checkpoint Blockade Inhibitors in Breast Cancer by Combining with Radiation Therapy

Large cohorts of recent clinical studies have established that increased levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients with the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype predicted better clinical outcomes compared to other subtypes. These observations led to the hypothesis that women with TNBC may respond to checkpoint blockade therapy. However, early results from these trials using checkpoint inhibitors alone or with chemotherapy has shown very little promise in breast cancer patients, despite the remarkable long-lasting responses in other hard to treat malignancies such as non-small cell lung and melanoma. Although the outcome falls short of the expectation, we hypothesized that radiation therapy can be utilized to increase the efficacy of check point blockade inhibitors of the stress-induced heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in order to reverse immunosuppression and induce neo-antigens to improve the outcomes of TNBC. To test the effectiveness of a combination of checkpoint blockade inhibitors and radiation therapy, this study utilized 6-week old female BALB/c 4T1 tumor-bearing mice as a model for TNBC. Combination treatment of HSP70 inhibitors and targeted irradiation was performed prior to tumor resection and data collection. Specifically, Radiation Therapy doses were planned and delivered using a Small Animal Radiation Platform (SARRP) equipped with on-board cone-beam CT. A single fraction of 17 Gy (Two fractions of 11.5 Gy) doses were delivered based on EQD2 calculation (alpha Beta ratio = 4). To achieve highly localized dose delivery, an x-ray collimator was used to focus the broad beam from a 225 kVp x-ray tube. Our preliminary data provide evidence that targeting HSP70 in combination with radiation therapy has dual activity on the tumor and the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Furthermore, reversal of HSP70 blockade significantly reduces the immunosuppressive MDSC infiltration in lungs by more than 50% compared to lungs from control mice. This also led to increased tumor infiltration of effector T cells from 1-2% in controls to 12% in lungs from mice treated with HSP70 inhibitor in combination with radiation. Interestingly, T cell infiltration is further increased to 20% when check point blockade inhibitor is combined with HSP70 inhibitor and radiation. Therefore, we showed that HSP70 regulates three fundamental processes; i) protecting tumor cells from cytotoxic cell death, ii) serving as a powerful tumor antigen attracting TILs, and iii) modulating immunosuppressive MDSCs. In summary, our studies elucidate the molecular mechanism by which HSP70 cytoprotects tumor cells from cytotoxic agents while regulating the immunosuppressive MDSCs which limits the anti-tumor activity of TILs. They also provide evidence that blocking HSP70 potentiates the efficacy of the checkpoint blockade particularly when combined with radiation in syngeneic mouse models representing TNBC subtype.

Montel mirror based collimating analyzer system for high-pressure resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiments.

Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) is increasingly playing a significant role in studying highly correlated systems, especially since it was proven capable of measuring low-energy magnetic excitations. However, despite high expectations for experimental evidence of novel magnetic phases at high pressure, unequivocal low-energy spectral signatures remain obscured by extrinsic scattering from material surrounding the sample in a diamond anvil cell (DAC): pressure media, Be gasket and the diamond anvils themselves. A scattered X-ray collimation based medium-energy resolution (∼100 meV) analyzer system for a RIXS spectrometer at the Ir L3-absorption edge has been designed and built to remediate these difficulties. Due to the confocal nature of the analyzer system, the majority of extrinsic scattering is rejected, yielding a clean low-energy excitation spectrum of an iridate Sr2IrO4 sample in a DAC cell. Furthermore, the energy resolution of different configurations of the collimating and analyzing optics are discussed.

Design of a Monte Carlo model based on dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) scanners for dose and image quality assessment using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP5) code

Abstract The purpose of this work was to develop and validate a Monte Carlo model for a Dual Source Computed Tomography (DSCT) scanner based on the Monte Carlo N-particle radiation transport computer code (MCNP5). The geometry of the Siemens Somatom Definition CT scanner was modeled, taking into consideration the x-ray spectrum, bowtie filter, collimator, and detector system. The accuracy of the simulation from the dosimetry point of view was tested by calculating the Computed Tomography Dose Index (CTDI) values. Furthermore, typical quality assurance phantoms were modeled in order to assess the imaging aspects of the simulation. Simulated projection data were processed, using the MATLAB software, in order to reconstruct slices, using a Filtered Back Projection algorithm. CTDI, image noise, CT-number linearity, spatial and low contrast resolution were calculated using the simulated test phantoms. The results were compared using several published values including IMPACT, NIST and actual measurements. Bowtie filter shapes are in agreement with those theoretically expected. Results show that low contrast and spatial resolution are comparable with expected ones, taking into consideration the relatively limited number of events used for the simulation. The differences between simulated and nominal CT-number values were small. The present attempt to simulate a DSCT scanner could provide a powerful tool for dose assessment and support the training of clinical scientists in the imaging performance characteristics of Computed Tomography scanners.

Impact of beryllium microstructure on the imaging and optical properties of X-ray refractive lenses.

Beryllium is one of the most transparent materials to hard X-ray radiation and, as a direct consequence, it is the main material for the fabrication of X-ray refractive optics and instrumentation for synchrotron radiation sources and free-electron laser facilities. However, it is known that almost all beryllium currently in use is polycrystalline material. In this paper, the influence of the microstructure of different beryllium grades on the optical properties of X-ray refractive lenses is studied. The experiments were performed at the ESRF ID06 beamline in X-ray coherent transmission microscopy mode in the near- and far-fields. Two sets of refractive lenses made of beryllium O-30-H and IS-50M grades with different internal microstructure were used. It was found that both beryllium grades have a strongly inhomogeneous structure, which inevitably produces speckle patterns under coherent illumination in imaging experiments. It was shown that fine-grained beryllium O-30-H is better suited for imaging applications, whereas beryllium IS-50M with a relatively large grain microstructure is more appropriate for focusing and collimation of X-rays. A discussion on the requirements for X-ray optical materials used at the third- and fourth-generation synchrotrons is also presented.

Non-Destructive Examination Development for the JHR Material Testing Reactor

The Jules Horowitz Reactor (JHR) is a European material testing reactor (MTR) under construction at the CEA Cadarache centre. It will be dedicated to material and fuel irradiation tests, as well as to the production of medical isotopes. Gamma and X-Ray benches will be implemented in the reactor pool (RER), the irradiated component storage pool (EPI) and in a shielded hot cell for measuring either the whole underwater test device still containing the experimental sample or just the experimental sample before its extraction in the hot cell. The CEA/Cadarache Nuclear Measurement Laboratory (LMN) has been working in collaboration with VTT (Technical Research Centre in Finland Ltd.) since 2008 under a Finnish in-kind contribution agreement. This agreement focuses on the development of NDE systems implementing gamma-ray spectroscopy and high-energy X-ray imaging of the sample and irradiation device with the highest definition possible (resolution of 100 μm). The CEA-VTT technical specifications led to a European call for tenders launched by VTT. The contract was awarded to the Spanish company IDOM for the design, manufacturing, assembly and commissioning of: - Underwater gamma and X-ray (UGXR) mechanical benches and their associated gamma and X-ray collimation systems for the RER and EPI pools - Hot cell gamma and X-ray (HGXR) bench in the JHR NDE hot cell. The Final Design Reviews (FDR) of the UGXR and HGXR systems were completed in 2016. The design phase has been an iterative process in order to manage interfacing specifications and constraints: - Challenging experimental requirements, mainly to cover the wide diversity of sample shapes, sample activity levels and measurement processes, but also to achieve a level of mechanical accuracy to reach the ambitious geometrical resolution target in X-ray imaging, - Environmental constraints (immersion, radiation, compactness, limited accessibility for maintenance), - Nuclear safety constraints (seism, radiation protection). The whole design process has produced a number of elaborate and innovative mechatronic systems, which is rather unusual in nuclear applications since the resulting solutions have benefited from IDOM’s technological expertise in designing and commissioning large telescopes for the astronomy sector. Once the manufacturing phase and assembly finalised, the site acceptance tests for the UGXR and HGXR mechanical systems will be performed in 2019-2020 in the TOTEM facility at the CEA Cadarache center. The underwater benches will be tested in the CESARINE pool to check their requirements.

Development of a 3D printed quality control tool for evaluation of x-ray beam alignment and collimation

The aim of this work was to develop a low-cost, 3D printed tool to evaluate X-ray beam alignment and collimation. The study was divided into two phases: 1) the development of 3D printed prototypes; and 2) a comparison with a commercial test object. A 3D printer was used to develop two objects that utilized 40% infill and were each printed with a different filament: PLA (polylactic acid) and ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene). Two pieces of X-ray equipment were used for the beam collimation and beam alignment tests. For validation, a standard commercial tool was used, and the evaluation results of the prototypes were compared with those of the commercial tool. The tests performed with both the prototypes and the standard tool showed a deviation of ±1 cm between the light field and the radiation field. The central ray’s perpendicularity was evaluated through the coincidence between the rod and the metallic circle. The test of central ray alignment conducted with a standard tool revealed an axis perpendicularity of 1.5°, while both prototypes presented axis perpendicularities of less than 3°. The prototypes proved to be effective tools and were easy to handle. The variety of printing materials that can be used and the ease with which the filaments can be acquired contribute to a low cost of production.