World's Financial Institutions Research Articles

The Beneficial Role of Silicon Valley's Technological Innovations and Venture Capital in Strengthening Global Financial Markets

This research explores the substantial influence of Silicon Valley's technology environment on worldwide financial markets. It looks at how Silicon Valley's technology developments and venture capital improve market efficiency, boost economic growth, and help to stabilize world financial institutions. The results highlight the importance of Silicon Valley's venture capital firms in not just providing vital financing but also in strategically selecting and growing entrepreneurs to include into a larger economic network. The increase in productivity in different industries is thanks to the groundbreaking advancements in artificial intelligence and microprocessor technology in Silicon Valley. These progressions have not just improved operational effectiveness greatly but also encouraged the emergence of fresh markets. Indoor air quality challenges emphasize the need for innovation in building design. (Ashayeri, M., Piri, S., & Abbasabadi, N, 2024). Dimensionality reduction in multimodal deep learning enhances accuracy and reduces computational costs, critical for efficient AI applications. (M Bodaghi, M Hosseini, R Gottumukkala, 2024) Silicon Valley, a prime example of innovation, still showcases its significant impact on shaping present financial environments as it continues to prosper. Despite the fact that the total quantity of money invested in various countries throughout the globe is always growing, this is the case. The accomplishments of this area may serve as a model for other regions that are interested in promoting economic growth via the deployment of cutting-edge technology and creative investment methods. These places can learn from this region's successes.

Strategies for financing infrastructure projects in the sphere of public-private partnership

Purpose. Coverage and systematization of the main approaches to the development of strategies for financing infrastructure projects in the field of public-private partnership, in particular, in the construction sector of Ukraines economy. Methodology. The methodological basis of the article are scientific publications, regulations of Ukraine, analytical reports of world financial institutions, Internet resources. The research used a systematic approach, methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and logical generalization. Findings. The most acceptable models of financing infrastructure projects and creating conditions for attracting private capital on the basis of public-private partnership in Ukraine are identified. Originality. The work analyzes the classification of projects according to the type of source of cost financing, summarizes the experience in building contract models for their financing, explores the most common tools for financing infrastructure projects, identifies the provisions on which project financing is based, and finds out what underlies it. Practical value. The results of the study can be useful for public authorities, which should encourage private partners to participate in long-term projects. The research may be of interest to businesses that are potential investors in public-private partnership projects.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Hunger and Food Security

This article analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hunger and food security. The rapid spread of the coronavirus has disrupted an already fragile global food system. Prior to the pandemic, global hunger was on the rise due to socio-economic factors, natural disasters, military conflicts and climate change. Food security problems have taken on alarming proportions due to the introduced restrictive measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The article examines the vulnerabilities of modern food systems and the reasons for the rapid rise in the level of world hunger. The article considers modern indicators of hunger, which are not able to fully give an adequate assessment of the state of the level of world hunger. An overview of financial support and measures to stimulate the economy from the government and world financial institutions is given. In the context of COVID-19, there is a need to improve the technology of tillage, harvesting and supplying them to wholesale and retail markets. Within the framework of this article, the need to introduce green energy is considered, which is dictated by the current state of the planet and the improvement of hunger assessment systems. Key words: food security, COVID-19, pandemic, hunger, food systems, economy, hunger indicators.

The emergence and development of the cryptocurrency as a sign of global financial markets financialisation

The article presents one of the most important, in the author's opinion, manifestations of further intensification of the processes of financialisation of global financial markets, which was the emergence of decentralized digital currencies (so-called cryptocurrencies) based on blockchain technology. Their creation and existence on the global financial market have been widely considered as one of significant effect of the global financial crisis, which symbolic beginning is September 15, 2008, when one of the largest US investment banks Lehman Brothers collapsed. The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic has only highlighted the importance of this effect of financialization. The purpose of the article is to present the impact of cryptocurrencies, including bitcoin, on the deepening of the processes of financialisation of modern financial markets. Author analysis is based on statistical data, on the literature review and documents of world financial institutions.

Financial Intermediary and Insurance Companies: Assessing Financial Stability

In modern fast changing world financial institutions are exposed to a big variety of risks, which shall be properly addressed. In these circumstances it is vitally important to predict the risks and understand how each of them can affect the company’s financial stability. Among the approaches assessing financial stability of a financial intermediary, CAMELS rating system is considered by leading research agencies (such as CFI and Bloomberg) to be one of the most universal one. Although the approach is used mainly to analyse banks, components of CAMELS rating are applicable to insurance companies. The aim of this study was to analyse global and Russian insurance markets and confirm or refute the hypothesis that CAMELS rating system can be applied for evaluation of financial stability of specific Russian insurance companies. Application of CAMELS method showed that Russian insurance companies, especially those that are not part of globally integrated structures, are not in a strong financial position.

Trajectories of transformation of international financial architecture in the conditions of a new normality

In this article, we contemplate the consequences of the global crisis, the influence of new world challenges and threats for reforming the world financial architecture, and its subsequent development in a new phase called a new normality. In this work, we discuss the changes in the world financial architecture on all levels, both in respect of transformation of the role and forms of world financial institutions, and in respect of the regulative norms and obligations reflected in a picture drawn by the authors. We showed the growing role of the influence of some countries and groups of countries in the process of transforming the international financial architecture; we confirmed the hypothesis about the growing role of such informal structure as Group 20 (G20). We analyzed the transformational processes and predicted 2-aspect changes in reforming the international financial architecture in the near future.

Engineering Design of Bird Fauna of Water Spills in Kazalinsk

Preservation of biodiversity (interspecific, intraspecific) is one of the urgent tasks that requires a systematic, comprehensive, scientifically based approach. Engineering design of the bird life area, includes modeling, packaging the area and its effects on environment. For this purpose we design the procedure by finite element method for biological life of bird. A vivid example of restoration and preservation of biological diversity of fauna and flora should be considered the implementation of the environmental project "Regulation of the riverbed of the Syrdarya and the Northern Aral Sea”. The project was initiated by well-known Russian and Kazakh scientists with the support of the government of Kazakhstan and world financial institutions. The aim of the project is the construction of new and reconstruction of existing hydrological structures. The result of this project, among other things (improving the economic, social, environmental situation) is the restoration of biological diversity. The process of recovery is gradual, depends on many external factors and requires detailed study, scientific justification for individual periods and phases. Bird fauna is considered conservative enough in the choice of habitats and is an indicator of the restoration of biodiversity. This paper is devoted to keeping track of bird in the water spills of the Baskara canal (the main left-bank channel of the Syrdarya river) in the eastern part of the Kazalinsky district (Kazakhstan's Aral Sea area). During the surveys, 13 species of birds were recorded, which are representatives of 8 orders. The most part (77%) of registered birds belongs to the limnophilic group - the wetland birds. Impoverished species composition is due to the climatic conditions of the accounting year, the lack of sufficient shelter, the isolation of the water body. Systematic, all-season bird monitoring is required.

Foreign Direct Invesstment in Nigeria; Overcoming Legal and Regulatory Challenges to Foreign Direct Investments in Nigeria: Is the Nigerian Government Doing Enough?

Foreign Direct Invesstment in Nigeria; Overcoming Legal and Regulatory Challenges to Foreign Direct Investments in Nigeria: Is the Nigerian Government Doing Enough?

AL-IJARAH AL-MUNTAHIYAH BI AL-TAMLIK (IMBT) DALAM PERSPEKTIF ANATOMI KONTRAK BISNIS

AI-Ijarah al-Muntahiyyah bi al-Tamlik (IMBT) is conceptually almost the same as leasing which is conducted by world financial institutions, including those of in Indonesia. IMBT is a service product of syari'a financial institution which is transparant and is able to involve the third party whenever it is necessary. In the context of Indonesia, economic syari'a is culturally designed and run by the Coumil of Indonesian Ulama (MUI). In order to regulate the bussiness in the syari'a system, MUI forms the Council of National Syari'a (DSN) issuing the fatwas; in order to give monitoring, DSN places The Board ef Syari'a Controller (DPS) in every business unit which uses syari'a system; in order to solve the syari'a business disputation, MUI forms the Arbitration Board of National Syari'a (Basyarnas). Moreover, The State has structurally accomodated the system of syari'a business in law and regulation. Therefore, The openess characteristics (the principle of free based contract) which is also practiced in the contract of IMBT is restricted by the law and regulation and considered appropriate in syari'a point of view based on DSN-MUI fatwas.

Hosting Major Meetings and Accompanying Protestors: Singapore 2006

The paper is concerned with the phenomenon whereby certain high profile meetings and conferences attract large numbers of protestors and the problems that result for destination authorities preparing for and managing such events. Tourism is shown to be influenced by, as well as an influence upon, politics in such circumstances. Issues are discussed within the context of Singapore which held a major event involving world financial institutions in 2006. The analysis reveals the appeal of this distinctive form of business tourism, but also highlights potential limitations including the dilemma of how to deal with the question of demonstrations that are affected by prevailing political cultures.

Generalized Asset Value Credit Risk Models and Risk Minimality of the Classical Approach

We place the asset value credit portfolio model in the larger context of generalized correlation models where the normal distribution assumption of asset returns is replaced by an abstract elliptical distribution. Based on closed-form solutions for homogenous portfolios, we show in particular that the classical asset value model is not robust against misspecifications of the assumed asset return distribution, that it further systematically underestimates portfolio risk, if the asset return distribution is non-normal, and that it may also induce insufficient supply of economic capital to cover credit portfolio risk in the world's financial institutions.

George Soros on globalization

Whether it manifests itself as free trade, the Internet, or rescue missions for foundering economies, the fact remains that the world is linked together today in a fashion that was inconceivable during the Cold War, but not everyone is happy with globalization. Violent protests are now a regular feature of international summit meetings, and many young people have expressed their opposition to policies that they see as enriching the rich at the expense of workers, the environment, and traditional culture. At this juncture, as protests mount and the leading nations seem on the verge of a recession, George Soros has issued a report on globalization and its discontents. The title seeks to assess not merely how well the world's financial institutions have fulfilled their larger mission for prosperity, but also to point the way forward toward fixing the problems that have emerged in the globalization regime as a whole. Soros acknowledges the many ways in which protesters have a clearer view of the issues at stake than the bankers and bueaucrats do. We ignore the protesters' message, Soros warns, at our peril.

Pipeline Politics in Chad

Chad has come to the center of international attention as the World Bank, international oil companies, and NGOs struggle over the development of the country's oil reserves.… The results will affect not only Chad's future but also the future of other countries dealing with issues of accountability and development in the face of multinational corporations and world financial institutions.

The strategies pursued by Mexican firms in their efforts to become global players

Almost 60% of the biggest non-financial groups in Mexico carry on at least two types of activities in transnational markets. This article describes and analyses the various internationalization paths and strategies of Mexican firms. This drive for internationalization is taking place against the background of an open export-oriented economy and growing integration with the United States and Canada. There are various national and international factors, as well as others specific to the firms themselves, which influence the strategies chosen and their results. This article consists of an introduction (section I);, followed by six sections analysing the various paths followed by Mexican firms in order to become players. Section II identifies the firms which have set up subsidiaries in developed countries. Section III reviews the firms which have resorted to strategic alliances that could convert them into transnational corporations, and some outstanding examples of this are cited. Section IV describes the presence of Mexican firms on the international securities markets and the interaction that this involves with world financial institutions. Section V looks at the strategies followed by some Mexican firms in order to establish global marketing networks. Section VI examines the rapid expansion of the solutions and strategies applied by firms to gain a world-level position, and finally section VII offers some conclusions evaluating the paths and preferences of Mexican firms seeking to become transnationals, the obstacles they have had to overcome, and the consequences of their international activities.

India: The Misuse and Abuse of Legal Provisions in Money Laundering

Billions of dollars of black money moves through the world's financial institutions as part of a confluence of grey money, as bankers call it. Most of this is profits generated from criminal enterprises — organised crime, economic crime, drug trafficking and terrorism. This dubious laundered cash, amounts to an estimated $1trn or more each year. According to British Intelligence estimates, some $500bn may have been laundered world‐wide last year. Half of that may perhaps have come from the illegal trade in drugs, the rest from other forms of organised crime and terrorism.

Dispute Resolution in World Financial Institutions

Dispute Resolution in World Financial Institutions

‘Our and the world's advantage’: the constructive Commonwealth

The role which any grouping of states can play in world affairs is determined at least in part by the global setting in which it functions. Today, the global setting in which the Commonwealth functions is a particularly challenging one. Heightened suspicion and confrontation between the two superpowers; a decline in the spirit and practice of internationalism, including diminished support for the United Nations; a rise of militarism and increased disregard for established rules and principles of world order; an accelerating arms race acting as both a threat to human survival and a menace to development; a global economic recession from which recovery worldwide is halting: a virtual standstill in the North-South dialogue on international economic cooperation, and faltering responses to the desperate needs of the world's poorest people; failure of the world's financial institutions adequately to adapt to the changed conditions of the 1980s: the environment is unpropitious to multilateral cooperation. Conversely, however, the need for such cooperation was never greater. The apparent drying-up of political will for change in many international quarters means that fresh opportunities, and responsibilities, devolve upon those organizations equipped to make a creative contribution. The modern Commonwealth is, I believe, such an organization. Its unique evolution has given it a character significantly different from other international organizations different in ways which enable it to contribute distinctively to contemporary affairs. The form of this contribution will be shaped, both as to constraints and as to advantages, by the Commonwealth's essential nature, deriving from its history. A beneficiary of the British political tradition of pragmatism, the Commonwealth is most of all a pragmatic, practical association. In many respects it is indeed a 'concert of convenience', in the evocative phrase of Professor Bruce Milter, the Commonwealth's Australian historian. It exists because it has been found by its members to be useful. How it is useful, what it is in the Commonwealth's character which makes it so, and whence that character historically derives, are my subjects in this article. I write with the experience of last November's Commonwealth heads of government meeting in New Delhi still fresh in mind. It was both the spirit and the form of India's decision in 1949 to remain in the association, and the desire of the older Dominions that it should do so, which made the modern Commonwealth possible. India was the first Asian, first non-white member, and later the first republic to be a member. Republican status, in particular, had profound implications for the Commonwealth relationship-a link no longer fashioned from allegiance to the British Crown but from acceptance of Britain's monarch as symbolic head of a Commonwealth pluralistic in forms of political organization as well as in races and religions. In going to New Delhi in 1983, the modern Commonwealth was going