Work-related Mental Disorders Research Articles

The influence of Soft Skills on improving productivity and promoting quality of life in generations "Z" and "Millennials"

In the dynamic landscape of the 21st century, Generation "Z" and Millennials face unique challenges requiring skills beyond technical knowledge, known as Soft Skills. These skills emerge as catalysts to overcome previous paradigms and mitigate work-related mental disorders like burnout. Innovative approaches, including the development of socio-emotional skills from university, not only boost productivity but also enhance the quality of life and mental health of young individuals. The review followed five methodological steps to ensure rigor and reproducibility. This included the defining research question (PICO method) and keywords, a Boolean scheme for search, eligibility criteria for articles, a selection from portals like PubMed, Science Direct, Lilacs, and Google Scholar, and result analysis using spreadsheets for article discussion. The inquiry into the benefits of Soft Skills for Generation "Z" and Millennials guided the article search. Using the Boolean scheme "generation" AND "soft skills" AND "work" AND "quality of life," 16 articles were found, with four meeting the selection criteria. Additionally, five articles were included for theoretical supplementation. The discussion emphasizes the necessary adaptations of youth to the 4.0 economy era, marked by volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA). These changes affect entry into the workforce, causing insecurities, uncertainties, and impacts on quality of life and mental health. The need for interpersonal skills and soft Skills is highlighted, with studies identifying ten essential competencies for success in the Fourth Industrial Revolution and Society 5.0. Universities should integrate the teaching of these skills to prepare students, improving their adaptability and mental health. Academic and work programs should emphasize personality development and values to facilitate the transition of recent graduates. It is concluded that, given the complexity of the 4.0 economy, youth face challenges in the job market, affecting quality of life and mental health. Soft Skills are crucial for this adaptation. Universities should integrate them into the curriculum, and academic programs should emphasize personal development to ensure an effective transition.

Long-term follow-up study of work status among patients with work-related mental disorders referred to departments of occupational medicine in Denmark

ObjectivesTo describe the 5 year work status in patients referred for suspected work-related common mental disorders. To develop a prognostic model.DesignRegister-based nationwide longitudinal follow-up study.SettingAll departments of occupational medicine in...

Help! I Need Somebody: Help-Seeking Among Workers with Self-Reported Work-Related Mental Disorders.

Worker mental health has emerged as one of the most significant challenges in contemporary workplaces. Knowing what intervention is effective is important to help workers adapt to mental health disorders but connecting workers to helpful resources is just as important and perhaps more of a challenge. With the multiple stakeholders involved, mental health disorders arising in the workplace pose specific challenges to help-seeking. The present study sought to explore the lived experience of workers and the personal and contextual influences on help-seeking among workers with work-related mental health disorders. A qualitative methodology was employed utilizing purposive sampling to conduct semi-structured interviews with individuals (n = 12) from various occupational backgrounds who had experienced a work-related (self-declared) mental health disorder. A Critical Theory approach was used to inform study design and analysis. Interpretative phenomenological analysis and thematic content analysis were combined to analyze the data. Three main themes emerged including: (1) self-preservation through injury concealment and distancing themselves from workplace stressors to minimize/avoid internal and external stigma; (2) fatigue relating to complex help-seeking pathways, accumulation of stressors, eroding the worker's ability to make independent decisions regarding supports; and (3) (mis)trust contributed to resources accessed by participants. Along with internalized stigma, findings point to the important role of social identity and trust and how these are influenced by relationships and organizational contexts. Findings indicate the need to educate workplace parties such as supervisors on mental health and pathways to help, simplifying pathways to service and removing barriers to help seeking including stigmatizing behaviours. Future quantitative research and intervention development directed at workplace mental health should integrate models and frameworks emphasizing relational and organizational dimensions in help-seeking.

Employees with mental disorders seeking support from the workers compensation system - experiences from Denmark.

In Europe it is commonly accepted that psychosocial hazards may influence the mental health of employees. However, mental disorders such as depression are generally not acknowledged as an occupational disease covered by the workers compensation system. Studies indicate that workers compensation claim processes may affect employee's health negatively due to a demanding case process. If filing a workers' compensation claim can harm the employees' health, it is highly relevant to pay attention to employees with mental health claims, as they are most likely vulnerable and face a very low chance of compensation. This study investigates how employees with work-related mental disorders experience the process of seeking workers compensation from the Danish Workers' Compensation System. Interview (N = 13) and questionnaire (N = 436) data from claimants were analysed. Analysis showed that even though many employees wished for the claim to influence the conditions at the workplace, there seemed to be a lack of preventive health and safety initiatives in the workplaces. Central stakeholders such as health and safety representatives were often not involved. Management involvement was often experienced negatively, and the Danish Working Environment Authority rarely conducted workplace inspections. Employees experienced inadequate information about the workers' compensation process and experienced a lack of coordination between stakeholders. A more supportive and coordinated approach in the Workers' Compensation System is recommendable. The processes in the system could be evaluated using the Social Insurance Literacy concept, to ensure sufficient support of the claimants and reduce potential harmful aspects of the process.

Validation of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) among healthcare workers during the outbreak of delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 in Ghana

Background: Today COVID-19 is having a dire effect on the mental and physical health of the general population. Although the long-term psychological effects of COVID-19 remain unknown, studies have shown increasing depression, anxiety and stress among healthcare workers. The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties and validation of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and evaluate the level of depression, anxiety, and stress among healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital during the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant outbreak. Methods: Using an online questionnaire, we conducted a cross-sectional study on 1201 healthcare workers in a tertiary hospital. The validation of DASS-21 was performed by examining the factorial structure (construct validity) using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency (reliability), convergent validity, discriminate validity and measurement invariance. Results: Cronbach's Alpha was acceptable for depression (0.88), anxiety (0.81), and stress (0.86). CFA provides support for the three-factor oblique model with the following fit indexes: (Chi-Square χ2/ (degrees of freedom) = 1628.5/(186), p < 0.001), comparative fit index (CFI = 0.923), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI = 0.901), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR = 0.0452) and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA = 0.07). DASS-21 achieved both configural and metric invariance. Conclusions: Our results indicate that DASS-21 is a reliable and valid self-reporting screening tool for depression, anxiety and stress among healthcare workers. This tool is also invariant across sex, doctors, nurses, and non-clinical healthcare workers. Thus DASS-21 is an essential screening tool to identify healthcare workers at a higher risk of developing work-related mental health disorders.

Evaluation of a Group Therapy for Work-Related Mental Disorders.

Objectives: Work-related mental distress is one of the most dominant reasons for sick leave and early retirement. Specialized therapy programs for work-related mental health problems are rare, especially in a group setting. This study evaluates the severity of depression, anxiety, somatization and burnout symptoms before and after a work-related group therapy program. Methods: Patients of a psychosomatic outpatient clinic with work-related mental disorders completed 12 sessions of a manual-based group training with reference to the workplace. Data were collected using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), General Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) before (T1) and directly after the intervention (T2). Results: Overall, 48 participants completed the intervention. The participants' symptoms of depression (T1: M = 11.06, SD = 6.19, T2: M = 8.92, SD = 8.17; p < 0.001, d = 0.53) and anxiety (T1: M = 9.94, SD = 5.18, T2: M = 7.13, SD = 5.69; p = 0.001, d = 0.49) as well as their emotional exhaustion (T1: M = 4.63, SD = 0.95, T2: M = 4.05, SD = 1.35; p < 0.001, d = 0.55) decreased significantly, and the difference was clinically relevant at T2. For cynicism (T1: M = 3.93, SD = 0.99, T2: M = 3.70, SD = 1.32; p = 0.14, d = 0.22) and personal fulfillment at work (T1: M = 4.30, SD = 0.83, T2: M = 4.41, SD = 0.94; p = 0.24, d = 0.17), the difference between T1 and T2 was not significant. Women benefited more than men (PHQ-9: p < 0.001, d = 0.96; GAD-7: p < 0.001, d = 0.91; PHQ-15: p < 0.001, d = 0.76) from the training. Conclusions: Participants' mental health symptoms were substantially reduced during the course of the work-related group therapy. As mental health problems account for the largest group of work disability days, the potential of group therapy should be better exploited in health care services.

Prevalência de transtornos mentais relacionados ao trabalho no Brasil: uma comparação pré e pós-pandêmica

Introduction: Work-related mental disorders are frequent and affect not only the work activity, but also the individual’s quality of life. During the COVID-19 pandemic – which began in 2019, there were changes in terms of society’s behavior in relation to its work activity – such as social isolation and teleworking – which brought uncertainties in the work dynamics of most professionals and functioned as one of the factors that influenced the emergence of mental disorders in the Brazilian population.(1) In this context, the importance of assessing the prevalence of these disorders in a pre- and post-pandemic comparison is evident. Material and method: Descriptive, cross-sectional study through data collection using the DATASUS platform, using available data for the years 2018 to 2021. Objective: To describe the annual prevalence of work-related mental disorders in Brazil, from the comparison data for the years 2018 to 2021. In addition, expose whether there was an increase in prevalence in the year of the beginning of the pandemic (2019), in relation to the pre-pandemic period (2018), and if the upward trend persisted with regard to the pandemic period (2019 and 2020) and post-pandemic period (2021). Results: Between 2018 and 2021, there were a total of 7337 cases. Of these, 1812 (24.7%) were registered in 2018, 2378 (32.4%) in 2019, 1343 (18.3%) in 2020 and 1804 (24.6%) in 2021. Thus, comparing by periods: from 2018 to 2019, cases increased from 1812 to 2378, which represents a percentage increase of 31.2%. From 2019 to 2020, the registered numbers fell by 43.5%, and from 2020 to 2021, a new increase corresponding to 34.3% was observed. Discussion: This analysis showed that the highest percentage increase occurred from 2020 to 2021, a transition period between telecommuting and working in a physical environment. In addition, in the year of the greatest spread of COVID-19 (2019), there was also a considerable increase in the number of cases.Conclusion: of the 7,337 total cases, the year with the highest number of cases of work-related mental disorders in Brazil was 2019, when the pandemic began in the country, a factor that promoted changes in Brazilian labor dynamics. However, it was possible to conclude that the post-pandemic period (2021), in relation to the number of cases, had a similar prevalence to the pre-pandemic period (2018), with an increase of 34.3% compared to the year 2020. This conclusion was possible since there was also a decline of 43.5% of cases, when comparing the years 2019 and 2020. Keywords: mental disorders, teleworking, COVID-19.

Impact of job strain and being overweight on middle and senior managers from the manufacturing sector in the Mexican industry.

This research work establishes the relationship between job strain and being overweight among Mexican managers. Recently in Mexico, there has been a sharp increase in work-related diseases and mental health disorders. Furthermore, evidence shows that Mexicans rank top among employees who suffer from stress, yet research on the impact of job strain on the phenomena of obesity and being overweight among such vulnerable job positions in the industrial field is scarce. The sample included 170 overweight middle and senior managers from six companies in the Mexican Manufacturing Industry. Cedillo's Spanish version of the Job Content Questionnaire by Karasek was used, and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was used to characterize an overweight condition. Structural Equations Modelling studied the relationships among variables. Even though, the model shows a power of explanation of 6%(R2 = 0.06), the variable showing the greatest direct effect on the overweight variable is social support, with 21%(p < 0.01, β= -0.21). Regarding the total effects, only two of the four variables studied contributed directly to the overweight variation: the social support variable and the job demand variable. The results of the model hold a relatively low explanatory power; however, they do show a relationship between the studied variables. Also, the importance of the supervisor and co-workers' support should be considered when developing organizational strategies for the prevention of work stress and an overweight condition.

Work-related musculoskeletal and mental health disorders: Are workplace policies and practices based on contemporary evidence?

Stress related mental health disorders (MHDs) and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are significant workplace problems associated with exposure to a range of physical and psychosocial workplace hazards. Little is known about real-world risk management practices used by organisations to mitigate MHD and MSD risk. The current study examines risk management policies and practices for MHDs and MSDs in three high risk industry sectors. MethodData was collected via interviews with 25 Work, Health & Safety (WHS) Managers from the healthcare, retail, and transport/logistics sectors on risk management practices implemented for stress related MHDs and MSDs in their organisations. The organisational policies and procedures for MHDs and MSDs were assessed for coverage of five key dimensions (reference to, exposure factors, outcomes, assessment, prevention) using an adapted policy score card. ResultsAnalysis of interview data identified key themes which impact risk management approaches including: a failure to adopt a comprehensive approach to risk management, and the influences of senior management. Across all three sectors, coverage of physical hazards was more comprehensive in comparison to psychosocial hazards. ConclusionsDespite recognition that MHDs and MSDs are significant workplace problems, approaches to manage these complex health issues are not based on contemporary evidence. Transactional approaches are used which fail to take account of the multiple interacting hazards associated with the development of work related MHDs and MSDs. Improved guidance material and support from the regulators is required along with education of WHS Managers about how to identify and manage psychosocial hazards to reduce the significant burden of MHD and MSDs.

Management of work-related common mental disorders in general practice: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundGeneral practitioners (GPs) often manage individuals with work-related common mental disorders (CMD: depressive disorders, anxiety and alcohol abuse). However, little is known about the ways in which they proceed. The aim of this study is to analyze GPs’ management and patterns of referral to other health professionals of patients with work-related CMD and associated factors.MethodWe used data from a cross-sectional study of 2027 working patients of 121 GPs in the Nord – Pas-de-Calais region in France (April – August 2014). Statistical analyses focused on patients with work-related CMD detected by the GP and examined the ways in which GPs managed these patients’ symptoms. Associations between patient, work, GP and contextual characteristics and GPs’ management were explored using modified Poisson regression models with robust variance.ResultsAmong the 533 patients with work-related CMD in the study, GPs provided psychosocial support to 88.0%, prescribed psychotropic treatment to 82.4% and put 50.7% on sick leave. Referral rates to mental health specialists and occupational physicians were respectively 39.8 and 26.1%. Several factors including patients’ characteristics (occupational and sociodemographic), GPs’ characteristics and environmental data were associated with the type of management used by the GP.ConclusionOur study emphasizes the major and often lonesome role of the GP in the management of patients with work-related CMDs. Better knowledge of the way GPs manage those patients could help GPs in their practice, improve patients care and be a starting point to implement a more collaborative care approach.

An individualized mental health education programme for Japanese managers.

Mental health education for managers has typically been conducted using a group format. Few studies have examined the provision of individualized education. This study discussed the evaluations and characteristic needs of participants in an individualized mental health education programme while examining avenues for providing such education. Eighty-nine individualized education sessions were conducted for managers (87 males, 2 females) with a mean age of 42.6 years (SD = 5.1) at an assembly factory in Japan. Data from anonymous self-administered questionnaires completed before and after the education programme were analysed. Overall, 95% of the managers (81/85) approved the individualized education format. The characteristic needs of participants with high motivation (45%, 38/85) were mental health consultations for managers (37%, 14/38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62-14.7, P < 0.01) and subordinate-related concerns (18%, 7/38, 95% CI 1.11-22.8, P < 0.05). Individualized education may be a suitable method for conducting mental health consultations. It is recommended that the introduction of individualized education formats be implemented through voluntary consultations following group education. Individualized education may contribute to early intervention for work-related mental disorders.

Work-related stress risk and preventive measures of mental disorders in the medical environment: an umbrella review.

Work-related stress (WRS) is widespread among medical doctors. WRS not only affects the physician's mental and physical well-being, but also patient care quality and the overall efficiency of the healthcare system. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the current preventive measures against mental disorders, work-related stress, and burnout among physicians. The presentation of this systematic review is in accordance with the PRISMA statement. The methodological quality of the selected studies was assessed with specific rating tools: INSA, Newcastle Ottawa Scale, JADAD scale, and AMSTAR. English publications only were selected. No restrictions applied for publication type. Reviewers excluded articles not concerning the following topics: WRS prevention, WRS risk factors and mental disorders among physicians. Reviewers also excluded findings of less academic significance, editorial articles, individual contributions, purely descriptive studies published in scientific conferences. Online search returned 4748 references on the following databases: PubMed (1638), Scopus (3108) and Cochrane Library (2). 36 studies were included in this review (thereof, 13 reviews and 23 original articles). Narrative reviews were rated on the INSA scale. The mean, median, and modal rating was 6. This indicates an intermediate-high quality of these studies. Systematic reviews were rated on the AMSTAR scale. The mean and median rating was 9, and the modal rating was 8. This indicates a high quality of these studies. The scores assigned to the original articles have a mean, median, and modal rating of 7. This also indicates an intermediate-high quality of these studies. Work-related stress and mental disorders seem to be widespread among medical practitioners. It is already a priority to adopt preventive measures against these phenomena. However, there is still no consensus on what the most effective measures are. Additional research is needed to formulate evidence-based recommendations.

EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY ON THE EMPLOYEES WORKING IN THE COMPANIES: THE EFFICIENCY OF CBT ON WORK-RELATED MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS

This paper’s main goal is to provide comprehensive knowledge about mental health among employees within the workplaces and to discuss how the adverse effects of mental disorder can be addressed through Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT). Systematic literature review is adapted as a methodology and after evaluating numerous findings, CBT found to be the most effective form of psychotherapy when addressing the work-related mental disorders. In overall, it is suggested that experiencing psychological distress has an adverse effect on employee’s physical health and work performance. Work-related distresses can be reduced through CBT as it leads to an affirmative impact on the mental well-being. http://dx.doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.2019456404

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well-being of employees.

Many workers suffer from work-related stress and are at increased risk of work-related cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, or mental disorders. In the European Union the prevalence of work-related stress was estimated at about 22%. There is consensus that stress, absenteeism, and well-being of employees can be influenced by leadership behaviour. Existing reviews predominantly included cross-sectional and non-experimental studies, which have limited informative value in deducing causal relationships between leadership interventions and health outcomes. To assess the effect of four types of human resource management (HRM) training for supervisors on employees' psychomental stress, absenteeism, and well-being. We included training aimed at improving supervisor-employee interaction, either off-the-job or on-the-job training, and training aimed at improving supervisors' capability of designing the work environment, either off-the-job or on-the-job training. In May 2019 we searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, four other databases, and most relevant trials registers (ICTRP, TroPHI, ClinicalTrials.gov). We did not impose any language restrictions on the searches. We included randomised controlled trials (RCT), cluster-randomised controlled trials (cRCT), and controlled before-after studies (CBA) with at least two intervention and control sites, which examined the effects of supervisor training on psychomental stress, absenteeism, and well-being of employees within natural settings of organisations by means of validated measures. At least two authors independently screened abstracts and full texts, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. We analysed study data from intervention and control groups with respect to different comparisons, outcomes, follow-up time, study designs, and intervention types. We pooled study results by use of standardised mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals when possible. We assessed the quality of evidence for each outcome using the GRADE approach. We included 25 studies of which 4 are awaiting assessment. The 21 studies that could be analysed were 1 RCT, 14 cRCTs and 6 CBAs with a total of at least 3479 employees in intervention and control groups. We judged 12 studies to have an unclear risk of bias and the remaining nine studies to have a high risk of bias. Sixteen studies focused on improving supervisor-employee interaction, whereas five studies aimed at improving the design of working environments by means of supervisor training.Training versus no interventionWe found very low-quality evidence that supervisor training does not reduce employees' stress levels (6 studies) or absenteeism (1 study) when compared to no intervention, regardless of intervention type or follow-up. We found inconsistent, very low-quality evidence that supervisor training aimed at employee interaction may (2 studies) or may not (7 studies) improve employees' well-being when compared to no intervention. Effects from two studies were not estimable due to missing data.Training versus placeboWe found moderate-quality evidence (2 studies) that supervisor training off the job aimed at employee interaction does not reduce employees' stress levels more than a placebo training at mid-term follow-up. We found low-quality evidence in one study that supervisor training on the job aimed at employee interaction does not reduce employees' absenteeism more than placebo training at long-term follow-up. Effects from one study were not estimable due to insufficient data.Training versus other trainingOne study compared the effects of supervisor training off the job aimed at employee interaction on employees' stress levels to training off the job aimed at working conditions at long-term follow-up but due to insufficient data, effects were not estimable. Based on a small and heterogeneous sample of controlled intervention studies and in contrast to prevailing consensus that supervisor behaviour influences employees' health and well-being, we found inconsistent evidence that supervisor training may or may not improve employees' well-being when compared to no intervention. For all other types of interventions and outcomes, there was no evidence of a considerable effect. However, due to the very low- to moderate-quality of the evidence base, clear conclusions are currently unwarranted. Well-designed studies are needed to clarify effects of supervisor training on employees' stress, absenteeism, and well-being.

Conceptualizing work-related mental distress in the British coalfields (c.1900\u20131950)

The history of occupational health is now an established and growing field of study, yet to date comparatively little research has been undertaken on the history of work-related mental health issues, which currently account for 40% of all work-related illnesses in the UK. Work-related stress is usually seen as a post-war and post-industrial phenomenon, largely confined to white collar and service sectors, which developed as a consequence of changing working cultures. However, through a close reading of diverse source sets generated by, or pertaining to, the coal industry, this article unearths another history of work-related mental health issues; a history focussing on a heavy industry in the early years of the twentieth century. Through this analysis, we argue that the heavy industries more typically associated with physical illnesses and disabilities also generated mental distress amongst their workers, which reflected the distinctive pressures of these working environments. The article explores how understandings of the mental distress experienced by miners were shaped by medical, political, economic, occupational and industrial factors, and generated debates between different organizations as to the cause of these disorders and appropriate responses. Further analysis of work-related mental disorders in different occupational sectors may allow researchers to tease out the nuanced role played by workplace environments and working practices on mental health, and to examine the relationship between physical and mental health at work.

Barriers to more effective prevention of work-related musculoskeletal and mental health disorders

Work-related psychosocial hazards have substantial effects on risks of both musculoskeletal and mental health disorders (MSDs, MHDs). Recent Australian research on workplace risk management practices in 19 work organisations found that risks from work-related psychosocial hazards were poorly managed. This study identified factors impeding better management of MSD and MHD risks within those organisations. MethodInterviews were conducted with staff from residential aged care and logistics/transport organisations in Australia. Transcripts were analysed using a worker-centred systems framework. Results and conclusionsMany barriers to more effective risk management were identified. Most fundamentally, few people knew of the need to manage MSD risk arising from work-related psychosocial hazards, and OHS-related skills of key managers were often reported as inadequate, particularly concerning management of risk from psychosocial hazards. Also, funding and staffing levels were often reported as problematic, and OHS issues were seen as lower priority than accreditation and commercial requirements.

Gender differences in the relationships between perceived individual-level occupational stress and hazardous alcohol consumption among Japanese teachers: A cross-sectional study.

Most teachers have a high risk of work-related stress and mental disorders. Drunken driving and hazardous alcohol consumption (HAC) among teachers are social problems. Gender differences among teachers in burnout, occupational stress, self-efficacy and job satisfaction were reported. This study aimed to clarify gender differences in the relationships between perceived individual-level occupational stress and HAC among Japanese teachers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013 and a total of 723 male and 476 female teachers remained after excluding non-drinkers. Perceived individual-level occupational stress was assessed using the Generic Job Stress Questionnaire. HAC was defined as ethanol consumption greater than or equal to 280 g in 1 week for male teachers, and greater than or equal to 210 g for female teachers. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted. HAC was identified in 16.6% of male and 12.4% of female teachers. The average ages (± standard deviation: SD) of male and female teachers were 46.9 ± 10.9 years and 39.9 ± 12.3 years, respectively. Schoolteacher was the most common position classification among male (48.7%) and female teachers (86.3%). For those with a moderate level of stress, “social support from supervisors” was associated with HAC among males (odds ratio [OR] = 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.23–0.8), whereas for female teachers with a high level of stress, “variance in workload” was associated with HAC (OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.04–4.24), using an adjusted model. This study showed that moderate social support from supervisors was negatively related to HAC among male teachers, and high variance in workload was positively related to HAC among female teachers. Gender differences need to be considered when developing HAC prevention strategies for teachers.

FATORES DE RISCO PARA O TRANSTORNO MENTAL RELACIONADO AO TRABALHO EM PROFISSIONAIS DE ENFERMAGEM

Introdução: O trabalho satisfaz as mais diversas necessidades humanas; por outro lado pode ser fontede adoecimento quando o trabalhador fica exposto aos riscos inerentes às suas atividades. O estresseno ambiente laboral pode desencadear transtornos mentais relacionados ao tempo de permanênciae a intensidade do serviço. A síndrome de Burnout é o distúrbio mais referido entre profissionais deenfermagem. Objetivo: Realizar revisão sistemática da literatura sobre os fatores de risco do transtornomental relacionado ao trabalho em profissionais da enfermagem. Materiais e métodos: Revisão daliteratura publicada no período de 2009 a 2017. Utilizaram-se as bases de dados LILACS, BDENF eSciELO, e o cruzamento dos descritores “enfermagem” e “esgotamento profissional”. Resultados: Foramevidenciados diversos fatores que alteram o nível de estresse do enfermeiro e da sua equipe relacionadosa pressão da carga de trabalho, esforço físico, acúmulo de funções, sobrecarga emocional, conflitos nasrelações interpessoais, entre outros agravantes que interferem negativamente na qualidade de vida dostrabalhadores, assim como foi citada na maior parte dos artigos de revisão a ocorrência da síndromede Burnout entre as consequências impostas no trabalho da classe trabalhadora estudada. Conclusão:Ressalta-se a importância de pesquisas sobre o tema a fim de contribuir para a construção de políticaspúblicas de saúde e o fortalecimento das ações em segurança e saúde do trabalhador da enfermagem.

Trends in work-related mental disorders by sector in France.

Notifications of work-related mental disorders (WRMDs) are increasing while little data are available on trends by industrial sector. To assess WRMD notifications and trends from 2001 to 2011 by industrial sector using data collected by the French National Network for Occupational Disease Vigilance and Prevention (RNV3P) network. We calculated standardized notification ratios (SNRs) per sector. To analyse trends over time, we used odds ratios, analysed by logistic regression, including time as a discrete variable or as a continuous variable. We found higher than expected WRMD notifications in manufacturing; paper and book (SNR = 2.16; 95% CI [1.88-2.48]), chemical and pharmaceutical (SNR = 1.79; 95% CI [1.58-2.03]), textile and clothing (SNR = 1.27; 95% CI [1.04-1.54]). In the trade sectors, retail (SNR = 1.60; 95% CI [1.52-1.68]), motor vehicle and cycle trade and repair (SNR = 1.19; 95% CI [1.05-1.34]). In the services sector personal (SNR = 2.09; 95% CI [1.83-2.38]), information technology (SNR = 1.54; 95% CI [1.36-1.74]), financial and insurance (SNR = 1.42; 95% CI [1.31-1.53]), post and telecommunication (SNR = 1.44; 95% CI [1.30-1.60]), human health and social work (SNR = 1.29; 95% CI [1.24-1.34]). We found an increase in notifications in agriculture, post-telecommunication services and the human health/social work sectors and a decrease in chemical/pharmaceutical, metal, and paper and book manufacturing sectors (P < 0.05). These results reveal trends in notifications for WRMDs by industrial sector. This highlights the importance of monitoring trends in WRMDs in specific worker subsets, using specialized networks such as the RNV3P.

Occupational moral injury and mental health: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Many people confront potentially morally injurious experiences (PMIEs) in the course of their work which can violate deeply held moral values or beliefs, putting them at risk for psychological difficulties (e.g. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, etc.).AimsWe aimed to assess the effect of moral injury on mental health outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the association between work-related PMIEs and mental health disorders. Studies were independently assessed for methodological quality and potential moderator variables, including participant age, gender and PMIE factors, were also examined. Thirteen studies were included, representing 6373 participants. PMIEs accounted for 9.4% of the variance in PTSD, 5.2% of the variance in depression and 2.0% of the variance in suicidality. PMIEs were associated with more symptoms of anxiety and behavioural problems (e.g. hostility), although this relationship was not consistently significant. Moderator analyses indicated that methodological factors (e.g. PMIE measurement tool), demographic characteristics and PMIE variables (e.g. military v. non-military context) did not affect the association between a PMIE and mental health outcomes. Most studies examined occupational PMIEs in military samples and additional studies investigating the effect of PMIEs on civilians are needed. Given the limited number of high-quality studies available, only tentative conclusions about the association between exposure to PMIEs and mental health disorders can be made.Declaration of interestNone.