Work-related Components Research Articles

Analyzing the Factors Affecting Private Sector Employees' Work-Life Balance: An Empirical Study

The purpose of this study is to look at the connections between 352 employees of private companies in Bangladesh and their perceptions of work-related issues and work-life balance. In order to emphasize the features and importance of the different study factors, a descriptive research approach was adopted. 352 workers of private businesses in Bangladesh were asked to complete a well-structured questionnaire in order to get primary data. Regression models and factor analysis were employed in the data analysis. The method used by the researcher was a convenient random sample. The study underwent a reliability test. For the independent and dependent variables, the Cronbach's alpha values are 0.850 and 0.770, respectively. The study's regression analysis showed a connection between perceived work-related characteristics and work-life balance (like workplace flexibility, paid time off, and paternity leave) as well as demographic factors (like marital status, work time, income, and tenure) among employees in private organizations. The researcher established that these elements affected work-life balance. This research may provide managers with the necessary knowledge to determine the optimal way to develop work-related components, such as employee work-life balance.

Employment interventions to assist people who experience borderline personality disorder: A scoping review.

Employment is an important social determinant of health and is associated with positive health outcomes. However, individuals who have been diagnosed with borderline personality disorder (BPD) are significantly underrepresented in the workforce. Whilst there is an array of evidence based therapeutic interventions, there remains a gap in knowledge regarding the most effective ways to enhance employment outcomes for people with a diagnosis of BPD. To explore employment interventions for people with BPD, map the available evidence and identify key concepts and knowledge gaps. A scoping review was conducted to identify and map the relevant literature. Findings were summarised using a narrative approach. Consultation was provided by a reference group including peer support workers with lived experience of BPD and mental health clinicians. Seven articles met the inclusion criteria, including non-randomised and case study/series designs and a randomised controlled trial protocol, with participant numbers generally low. All programmes combined a psychotherapeutic component with work related goals; however, there were notable differences in relation to the conceptual/theoretical approach of the psychotherapeutic component and delivery of the work-related components. Barriers and enablers to programme participation and success are explored. This review provides important insights into the characteristics of vocational rehabilitation interventions for people diagnosed with BPD. The findings will inform the co-production of approaches to support people with BPD to engage in employment.

The relationship between pharmacist emotional intelligence, occupational stress, job performance, and psychological affective well-being

BackgroundEmotional intelligence (EI) is known to improve teamwork, communication, and organizational commitment. The role of EI has also influenced pharmacists’ ability to empathize, control emotions, and actively listen. Although EI’s impact on work-related components, including occupational stress, job performance, and psychological affective well-being, has been studied, there are no data specific to the practice of pharmacy. ObjectiveThe primary objective of this study was to determine whether a significant correlation exists between pharmacist EI and work-related components. MethodsA voluntary Qualtrics survey (Qualtrics, Provo, UT) was distributed electronically to all active pharmacists licensed by the Florida Board of Pharmacy, which included questions from valid and reliable assessment tools. Spearman correlations were used to examine the association between EI facets and dependent variables of occupational stress, job performance, and psychological affective well-being. A subanalysis was conducted to evaluate demographic data. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 for all tests. Incomplete survey responses were included in the analysis. ResultsA total of 942 responses were received and analyzed. Most of the respondents were aged 44 years or younger (42.5%), female (46.9%), identified as Caucasian (52.8%), and worked 31-40 hours weekly (20.6%). Most of the respondents reported a primary employment setting within community (29.3%) or hospital (18.6%) pharmacy. Higher EI correlated with lower levels of occupational stress, higher job performance, and higher psychological affective well-being. Secondary outcomes reported increased stress for both females and those practicing in the community setting; hospital-based pharmacists reported higher job performance and psychological affective well-being. Stress decreased with both age and years of experience. ConclusionHigher EI may support overall wellness for pharmacists on the basis of the results of this study. Additional evaluation of demographic data, including practice settings, and a more robust cohort of participants would provide more insight in this area.

Work-related medical rehabilitation in patients with mental disorders: the protocol of a randomized controlled trial (WMR-P, DRKS00023175)

BackgroundVarious rehabilitation services and return-to-work programs have been developed in order to reduce sickness absence and increase sustainable return-to-work. To ensure that people with a high risk of not returning to work can participate in working life, the model of work-related medical rehabilitation was developed in Germany. The efficacy of these programs in patients with mental disorders has been tested in only a few trials with very specific intervention approaches. To date, there is no clear evidence of the effectiveness of work-related medical rehabilitation implemented in real-care practice.Methods/designOur randomized controlled trial will be conducted in six rehabilitation centers across Germany. Within 15 months, 1800 patients with mental disorders (300 per rehabilitation center) will be recruited and assigned one-to-one either to a work-related medical rehabilitation program or to a conventional psychosomatic rehabilitation program. Participants will be aged 18–60 years. The control group will receive a conventional psychosomatic rehabilitation program without additional work-related components. The intervention group will receive a work-related medical rehabilitation program that contains at least 11 h of work-related treatment modules. Follow-up data will be assessed at the end of the rehabilitation and 3 and 12 months after completing the rehabilitation program. The primary outcome is a stable return to work. Secondary outcomes cover several dimensions of health, functioning and coping strategies. Focus groups and individual interviews supplement our study with qualitative data.DiscussionThis study will determine the relative effectiveness of a complex and newly implemented work-related rehabilitation strategy for patients with mental disorders.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00023175, September 29 2020).

Effects of nationwide implementation of work-related medical rehabilitation in Germany: propensity score matched analysis

ObjectivesSince 2014, the Federal German Pension Insurance has approved several departments to implement work-related medical rehabilitation programmes across Germany. Our cohort study was launched to assess the effects of work-related...

Implementing the German Model of Work-Related Medical Rehabilitation: Did the Delivered Dose of Work-Related Treatment Components Increase?

ObjectivesWork-related components are an essential part of rehabilitation programs to support return to work of patients with musculoskeletal disorders. In Germany, a guideline for work-related medical rehabilitation was developed to increase work-related treatment components. In addition, new departments were approved to implement work-related medical rehabilitation programs. The aim of our study was to explore the state of implementation of the guideline’s recommendations by describing the change in the delivered dose of work-related treatments. DesignNonrandomized controlled trial (cohort study). SettingFifty-nine German rehabilitation centers. ParticipantsPatients (N=9046) with musculoskeletal disorders were treated in work-related medical rehabilitation or common medical rehabilitation. Patients were matched one-to-one by propensity scores. InterventionsWork-related medical rehabilitation in 2014 and medical rehabilitation in 2011. Main Outcome MeasuresTreatment dose of work-related therapies. ResultsThe mean dose of work-related therapies increased from 2.2 hours (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6-2.8) to 8.9 hours (95% CI, 7.7-10.1). The mean dose of social counseling increased from 51 to 84 minutes, the mean dose of psychosocial work-related groups from 39 to 216 minutes, and the mean dose of functional capacity training from 39 to 234 minutes. The intraclass correlation of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.58-0.75) for the total dose of work-related therapies indicated that the variance explained by centers was high. ConclusionsThe delivered dose of work-related components was increased. However, there were discrepancies between the guideline’s recommendations and the actual dose delivered in at least half of the centers. It is very likely that this will affect the effectiveness of work-related medical rehabilitation in practice.

The impact of rheumatoid arthritis on work and predictors of overall work impairment from three therapeutic scenarios

Aim: To examine the effects of three treatment scenarios in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on work and to determine potential predictors of work impairment. Materials & methods: Moderate RA patients received etanercept 50 mg weekly plus methotrexate (E50/MTX) for 36 weeks. Those with Disease Activity Score 28 ≤3.2 at week 36 and ≤3.2 from weeks 12–36 were randomized to E50/MTX, etanercept 25 mg weekly/MTX or placebo/MTX for 52 weeks. Results: Work-related components of the Work Productivity Activity Impairment questionnaire significantly improved with E50/MTX, which were maintained at week 88. Age, overall work impairment, disease duration, Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index score >0.5, and pain visual analog scale were significantly predictive of overall work impairment. Conclusion: E50/MTX maintained significant improvements in Work Productivity Activity Impairment:RA. Prediction of potential work impairment may help improve RA work-related issues.

Work-related rehabilitation aftercare for patients with musculoskeletal disorders: results of a randomized-controlled multicenter trial.

There is evidence that rehabilitation with a multidisciplinary focus on work-related demands effectively improves work ability and quickens return to work in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. There could be benefits to the transfer of work-related components into rehabilitation aftercare. We examined the effectiveness of an intensified work-related rehabilitation aftercare program compared with standard intensified rehabilitation aftercare in Germany on work ability. We randomly assigned 307 patients with musculoskeletal disorders from 11 rehabilitation centers to an aftercare program with work-related functional capacity training, work-related psychosocial groups, social counseling, relaxation training and exercise therapy (intervention group), or the usual aftercare program consisting of only exercise therapy (control group). The 6-month follow-up questionnaire was completed by 78.5% of patients. There was no statistically relevant between-group difference in follow-up primary (work ability) and secondary outcomes (e.g. health-related quality of life, sick leave duration). Significant improvements were observed within both the intervention and the control groups. Severely disabled participants in the intervention group had better physical functioning and shorter sick leave duration after 6 months compared with severely disabled patients in the control group. A partial replacement of standard exercise therapy by a more work-related therapy does not seem to improve work ability superiorly. Improved aftercare treatment may require a focus on employer participation and involvement within the actual work environment.

Factors that influence the development of compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction in emergency department nurses.

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to determine the prevalence of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout in emergency department nurses throughout the United States and (b) to examine which demographic and work-related components affect the development of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout in this nursing specialty. This was a nonexperimental, descriptive, and predictive study using a self-administered survey. Survey packets including a demographic questionnaire and the Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5 (ProQOL 5) were mailed to 1,000 selected emergency nurses throughout the United States. The ProQOL 5 scale was used to measure the prevalence of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout among emergency department nurses. Multiple regression using stepwise solution was employed to determine which variables of demographics and work-related characteristics predicted the prevalence of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout. The α level was set at .05 for statistical significance. The results revealed overall low to average levels of compassion fatigue and burnout and generally average to high levels of compassion satisfaction among this group of emergency department nurses. The low level of manager support was a significant predictor of higher levels of burnout and compassion fatigue among emergency department nurses, while a high level of manager support contributed to a higher level of compassion satisfaction. The results may serve to help distinguish elements in emergency department nurses' work and life that are related to compassion satisfaction and may identify factors associated with higher levels of compassion fatigue and burnout. Improving recognition and awareness of compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout among emergency department nurses may prevent emotional exhaustion and help identify interventions that will help nurses remain empathetic and compassionate professionals.

The effectiveness of interventions for ageing workers on (early) retirement, work ability and productivity: a systematic review.

To systematically summarise the literature on the effects of interventions for ageing workers that address work-related measures of sustainable employability, i.e. (early) retirement, work ability and work productivity. A systematic review was performed by searching five electronic databases for relevant studies published between January 1992 and February 2014. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental intervention studies were included. The study population included workers aged ≥40 years, and the measured outcomes were positive indicators of labour force participation, i.e. (early) retirement, work ability and work productivity. The methodological quality of each included study was assessed, and best-evidence synthesis was applied to draw conclusions about the evidence for the effectiveness of each outcome. Four studies met the inclusion criteria. The interventions were diverse and ranged from individual (e.g. exercise) programmes to workplace programmes. Limited evidence for a favourable effect on early retirement was found. Insufficient evidence was found for the remaining outcomes, i.e. work ability and productivity, due to a lack of high-quality studies and consistent findings. Insufficient and limited evidence is available for a favourable effect of interventions to promote work-related components of sustainable employability in ageing workers. This is due to a scarcity of RCTs and inconsistent findings between the limited number of studies. Additional intervention studies are needed to support evidence-based decision making to prolong a healthy and productive working life for ageing workers.

Return to work and work ability after injury: results from the prospective outcome of injury study

BackgroundReturn to work and work ability are considered major markers of rehabilitation following injury. Prolonged work absence and work disability result in significant personal and social costs, therefore improvements in...

Escolarização e representação do trabalho: mitos sem nexo? um estudo de caso

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar dados relativos à representação de trabalho por estudantes trabalhadores que estudam em curso noturno. Dezesseis estudantes da última série do primeiro grau responderam a um questionário e duas questões relativas ao trabalho foram analisadas. Uma análise qualitativa dos resultados mostrou que há uma tendência nítida em representar o trabalho como condição de sobrevivência. Ademais há um componente de prazer ligado ao trabalho. Fez-se uma discussão dos resultados, considerando o papel da escola, além de ideologia e cultura.

Employment training for disadvantaged or dependent populations.

The vocational rehabilitation process is viewed as having two dominant work-related components: the actual work-training experience and employability skills. The paper argues that both components are critical and must be integrated. The major role of the vocational rehabilitation agency is viewed as that of provider of employability (or job-seeking) skills programs. These programs consist of: (1) employability skills courses, (2) work performance demand standard setting, and (3) on-the-job rotational task schemes. Actual work skills can only be provided in the "real world" of work. Centralized work-training programs are viewed as creating inappropriate socialization and only moderately transferable skills.