Work Reintegration Research Articles

Rehabilitation and work reintegration within the disability claims management process: A South African nsurer perspective

Rehabilitation and work reintegration within the disability claims management process: A South African nsurer perspective

2960: Breast cancer in working women: what impact on work and professional reintegration?

2960: Breast cancer in working women: what impact on work and professional reintegration?

Fear of the unknown: Experience of frontline healthcare workers with coping strategies used to face the COVID 19 pandemic.

The COVID 19 pandemic presented various challenges among health care workers, one of them being the impact it has on mental health. The psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, insomnia and stress, all consequences of the pandemic cause psychopathological outcomes reverberating negatively on the emotional well-being of health care workers. This study aimed to explore the experience of frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic in a middle-income country in Latin America and to identify the coping mechanisms they used to face stressful situations during this time. A qualitative study based on an interpretative paradigm was conducted allowing to examine complex, ambiguous and emotionally loaded topics to explore in detail the experience of frontline HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through convenience sampling eleven frontline HCWs were recruited to participate in semi-structured interviews. An inductive analysis was done with four pre-established categories: the experience of HCWs during the attention of COVID-19 patients, the experience during their own infection, the experience during the work reintegration and the coping mechanisms used. Our results show that fear and uncertainty predominated throughout the attention of COVID-19 patients. Participants used both coping strategies based on problem-solving efforts, such as routine changes, and emotional management efforts, like social support or psychological counselling. The choice of coping strategies was influenced by their personal beliefs, past emotional experiences, and prior medical formation. These findings provide public and private institutions insight for creating effective policies, based on the HCWs' preferences, to promote their psychological well-being.

The public health insurance funds as drivers for integrated care

The public health insurance funds are a unique player in the healthcare landscape. Belgium has seven public health insurance funds that operate the reimbursement system of health care services covered by the compulsory health insurance for their members and the payment of a replacement income in case of long-term illness. Public health insurance funds are present throughout the lifespan of their members, from birth to death, they are companion and point of contact for crucial moments in life at all ages.They play a key role in the rollout and implementation of key aspects of integrated care. 
 Not only are they responsible for the health care reimbursement, they are the guardians of the health insurance finance as well as the administrator. They are in control of the recognition and follow up of patients in incapacity for work and guide those patient in return to work and rehabilitation and reintegration. They have lots of experience in finance mechanisms and regulation within health care. 
 Next to their responsibilities in reimbursement, there’s also an important social service. The social workers are there to familiarize people with care, the organization of home care and to facilitate all preconditions to make this possible, but also to determine the severity of care and to open up as many social benefits as possible for those who are entitled to it. The public health insurance funds also generate data which they can use to evaluate the health system, provide for scientific research but also use to enhance population management and to weigh on decision- or policy makers. 
 After a short, interactive part, we will explore these different roles and demonstrate how they contribute to integrated care. Not only from the perspective of the public health care insurance institutions, but also from the perspective of collaboration amongst formal care givers surrounding one patient and from the perspective of several informal care givers. By using various testimonials, we let informal care givers share their experience and needs about integrated care.
 Despite the long history, many actors in Belgium are insufficiently aware of what exactly these different roles are. It is the task of the public health insurance funds to continue to fully focus on this and to participate in initiatives that can realize integrated care. Therefore, at least one good practice will be discussed from one of the 12 integrated care pilot projects in which the funds, together with the other care actors and the government, are looking for innovative actions to make integrated care possible.

Career Adaptability and Resilience of Mental Health Service Users: The Role of Career Counseling.

The employment rate of people who face severe mental health issues is extremely low, while the vast majority expresses their willingness to work. There are various obstacles that impede their work re-integration process. Apart from the illnesses' symptoms and the employers' stigma, these barriers are strongly associated with the effects of long-term unemployment and the lack of positive psychosocial resources, such as career adaptability and resilience. The present study aims to investigate career adaptability and the resilience of mental health service users who receive career counseling services. The career counseling approach that was used combines elements from the IPS model and the career construction approach that has been developed to address the contemporary world of work challenges. We investigated how mental health service users view themselves in terms of career adaptability and resilience, and which factors contributed to their development or impeded them. We used a qualitative approach, which allows for an in-depth exploration of the participants' views. Fifteen mental health users who receive career counseling services were interviewed. The results showed that mental health service users believe that they can overcome any difficulties and setbacks when they have adequate support from their social network and when they receive career counseling services. They highlighted the importance of counseling services to maintain their work and cope with stressful events. Further implications of the results regarding vocational rehabilitation of mental health users as means for social inclusion are discussed.

Factors associated with return-to-work outcomes in inpatient rehabilitation – a systematic scoping review

ABSTRACT Inpatient rehabilitation is common in Germany to improve return-to-work outcomes. The objective of this systematic scoping review was to identify factors associated with return-to-work outcomes in musculoskeletal, psychological and oncological health conditions to improve tailoring of rehabilitation therapies. A search was completed in Embase, Medline, PsycInfo and AMED until May 2023 for articles investigating inpatient rehabilitation including working-age patients with oncological, musculoskeletal, or psychological diseases using a quantitative design and reporting factors associated with return-to-work outcomes. Screening of all titles and abstracts was completed by one reviewer, full texts were read by two reviewers. Quality appraisal and data extraction was completed by two reviewers. Data was analysed using a narrative synthesis. Eighteen studies of moderate quality were included. The review identified a wide range of return-to-work parameters including employment status, work ability, sickness absence, retirement status and duration of employment since rehabilitation. In addition, 48 psychological, health- and work-related factors associated with return-to-work parameters were identified. Only one RCT investigated the relationship between a depression prevention intervention and a return-to-work outcome (work ability), which showed a significant effect. In addition to the depression prevention intervention, only the factor ‘health literacy’ could be considered modifiable and be addressed as part of an inpatient rehabilitation programme. Furthermore, gradual work reintegration programs and/or workplace interventions in addition to inpatient rehabilitation should be further explored to improve return-to-work outcomes.

Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of Long COVID-19 Patients, and Its Correlation with Medical Leave: A Comprehensive Descriptive and Multicenter Study.

The persistent condition of COVID-19 is characterized by a wide range of symptoms that have had a significant impact on both the health status and occupational life of the population. In this observational and multicenter study, the relationship between the sociodemographic and clinical profile of Spanish patients diagnosed with long COVID, and the work-related disability resulting from this pathology was analyzed. The analysis included 689 responses. A descriptive analysis of the variables recorded was performed, together with a bivariate analysis to determine associations between work-related disability and variables such as gender, age, health status, disabling symptoms or comorbidities. The results obtained highlight fatigue and lack of concentration (brain fog) as the most incapacitating symptoms among patients diagnosed with long COVID. Multivariate analysis revealed that time since diagnosis (OR: 0.57, CI95%: 0.36-0.89, p: 0.013), concomitant renal insufficiency (OR: 4.04, CI95%: 1.42-11.4, p: 0.008), and symptoms like fatigue (OR: 0.56, CI95%: 0.33-0.99) and tremors (OR: 2.0, CI95%: 1.06-3.69, p: 0.029), were associated with work-related disability. These findings highlight the need to improve the health and work-related management of this condition in the healthcare system. Besides risk factor control, it is suggested to pay special attention to determining the appropriate timing of medical leave work reintegration, along with coordination between primary care and occupational health services to ensure the gradual and tailored return of patients with long COVID to the workforce.

Daily uplifts, daily hassles, and coping in military veterans' post-deployment reintegration.

Our first aim was to explore the relationship between daily uplifts, daily hassles, and coping styles the first year after returning from international military missions and post-deployment work, family, and private reintegration in military veterans. Our second aim was to identify individual patterns regarding daily uplifts, daily hassles, and coping styles and to explore how they relate to the above-mentioned aspects of post-deployment reintegration. Questionnaire responses were received from 446 Swedish military veterans. Regression analyses showed that daily hassles and an escape-avoidance coping style made significant contributions in the predicted, negative direction to the amount of explained variance on reintegration indicator scales. A high level of perceived threat during the last mission also contributed to more negative integration. Using a person-centered approach, three unique profiles of response patterns were identified using a cluster analysis based on the uplift, hassles, and coping style scores. One profile was labeled "resilient and well-functioning"; its members showed favorable reintegration scores. A second profile was called "ambitious and struggling." These individuals scored medium-high on the reintegration scales. The third profile consistently indicated the least favorable reintegration scores and was labeled "worried and avoidant." The results confirm and deepen our existing knowledge.

Unemployment and early retirement among patients with epilepsy – A study on predictors, resilience factors and occupational reintegration measures

The primary aim of this study was to identify predictors and resilience factors for unemployment and early retirement in patients with epilepsy of working age based on data from a multicenter German cohort study performed in 2020 (n = 456) by using multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. A second aim was to assess the assumed working ability of patients as well as the use of occupational reintegration measures. The unemployment rate was 8.3%, and 18% of patients had retired early due to epilepsy. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis identified the presence of a relevant disability and frequent seizures as significant predictors of unemployment and early retirement, while seizures in remission were the only resilience factor associated with job retention. Regarding occupational incapacity, at the time of the survey, most of the patients in early retirement or unemployment were fit for work in their original or extended occupational setting. The proportion of patients with recent epilepsy-related occupational retraining (0.4%) or job changes (0.9%) was low, and only 2.4% reported an epilepsy-related reduction in work time. These findings underline the persistent disadvantage of patients with epilepsy in the professional field and the urgent need for effective, comprehensive work reintegration measures that must be made accessible for all patients.

Employment and accommodation needs and the effect of COVID-19 on men and women with traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) impacts an individual's workforce involvement post-injury. Support services and workplace accommodations that can help with work re-integration post-TBI may differ based on a person's sex and gender. The added impact of COVID-19 remains under-explored. We aimed to investigate the support services and workplace accommodation needs and the impact of COVID-19 on work and mental health for persons with TBI, considering sex and gender. A cross-sectional online survey was distributed. Descriptive and regression analyses were applied to uncover sex and gender differences, along with content analysis for open-ended responses. Thirty-two persons with TBI (62% women, 38% men) participated. Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and counselling services were indicated as the most needed services by women and men. Modified hours/days and modified/different duties were the most needed workplace accommodations. Mental challenges impacting well-being was a highlighted concern for both men and women. Women scored poorer on the daily activity domain of the Quality of Life after Brain Injury - Overall Scale (p = 0.02). Assistance with daily activities was highlighted by women for a successful transition to work, including housekeeping and caregiving. Men were more likely than women to experience change in employment status because of COVID-19 (p = 0.02). Further, a higher percentage of men expressed concern about the inability to pay for living accommodations, losing their job, and not having future job prospects. Findings reveal important differences between men and women when transitioning to work post-TBI and emphasize the need for sex and gender considerations.

The Future of Breast Cancer Research in the Survivorship Field.

Prevalence of survivors of breast cancer has been steadily increasing in the last 20years. Currently, more than 90% of women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer are expected to be alive at 5years from diagnosis thanks to early detection and breakthrough innovations in multimodal treatment strategies. Alongside this advancement in clinical outcomes, survivors of breast cancer might experience several specific challenges and present with unique needs. Survivorship trajectories after diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer can be significantly impacted by long-lasting and severe treatment-related side effects, including physical problems, psychological distress, fertility issuesin young women, and impaired social and work reintegration, which add up to patients' individual risk of cancer recurrence and second primary malignancies. Alongside cancer-specific sequelae, survivors still present with general health needs, including management of chronic preexisting or ensuing conditions. Survivorship care should implement high-quality, evidence-based strategies to promptly screen, identify, and address survivors' needs in a comprehensive way and minimize the impact of severe treatment sequelae, preexisting comorbidities, unhealthy lifestyles, and risk of recurrence on quality of life. This narrative review focuses on core areas of survivorship care and discuss the state of the art and future research perspectives in key domains including selected long-term side effects, surveillance for recurrences and second cancers, well-being promotion, and specific survivors' needs.

Stakeholder experiences of a public safety personnel work reintegration program

Public safety personnel (PSP) are at risk of experiencing operational stress injuries (OSIs). The functional impairments caused by OSIs can contribute to challenges with returning to pre-injury operational requirements. A Canadian municipal policing agency developed a peer-led workplace reintegration program (RP) to assist PSP in their workplace reintegration after an illness or injury. Although this RP has been used internationally, there is a paucity of research on this program and its implementation by PSP organizations. The perspectives of key stakeholders are important for capturing the current state of RPs and future directions for the advocacy, implementation, sustainability, and spread of the RP, and to set the stage for future research. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences and perspectives of key stakeholders engaged in the creation, implementation, facilitation, and execution of RPs in Alberta, Canada. This will help identify strengths, barriers, facilitators, needs, processes, and attitudes associated with the RPs and direction for future research. A qualitative thematic analysis of focus groups (N=8) involving key stakeholders (N=30) from five PSP organizations with RPs was conducted using a community-engaged research approach as part of a larger mixed-methods study. Four key themes emerged from the participants: (1) Integral elements of success, (2) Integral needs, (3) Key areas of growth, and (4) Evolution of the Program. While RPs are highly regarded by the key stakeholders, it is essential that evidence-based research guide the evaluation, modification, implementation, spread, and scale of RPs globally.

Frontline discretion from a Bourdieu-inspired field perspective: an ethnographic case study of a Norwegian activation measure for sick-listed employees

ABSTRACT Frontline work is increasingly undertaken in multi-stakeholder settings, indicating a need to revisit issues of frontline discretion. This ethnographic case study, based on an activation measure for sick-listed employees in Norway, applies a Bourdieu-inspired field analysis of frontline discretion. We approach frontline discretion in the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV) as comprised by ‘position-takings’ in an available space of possibilities in the field of work reintegration. A key feature of this field is that stakeholders employ opposing forms of capital: the NAV caseworker employs activation capital; sick-listed employees use individual or client capital; client employers draw on economic capital; and the clients’ general practitioners employ medical expertise capital. We find that NAV caseworkers undertake three specific position-takings in manoeuvring the other forms of stakeholder capital: nudging and negotiating with and between stakeholders; legitimising NAV’s interests and demands; and making other stakeholders accountable. Notably, frontline discretion is constituted in the configuration of the forms of stakeholder capital, including that of their own organisation, which requires administration and compromises between them. Our theoretical contribution is that an administrative form of capital becomes symbolic, potentially incorporating frontline workers’ future professional habitus.

Factors influencing sustainable employment of persons with acquired brain injury (ABI) or spinal cord injury (SCI): A qualitative study evaluating the perspective of health and work professionals.

The number of persons with acquired brain injury (ABI) or spinal cord injury (SCI) who leave the labor market early despite successfully return to work post-injury, demonstrates the challenge for them to remain employed. Evidence on how enabling and hindering factors influence daily work across the lifespan and how they affect employment-related services is scarce. Professionals directly involved in work integration can add to this evidence through their experiential knowledge. To identify and explore the factors that enable or hinder sustainable employment for persons with ABI or SCI from the perspective of health and work professionals. We conducted 23 semi-structured interviews with professionals in Switzerland, directly involved in work reintegration and retention of persons with ABI or SCI. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed. Participants identified three main themes related to the concept of "sustainable employment". First, the value and impact of initial work integration; an early, multidisciplinary, person-centered work integration, with the early involvement of employers is ideal. A good match between the worker and the workplace is sought. Second, critical factors for long-term sustainable work: the main risks for persons with ABI are changing supervisors, workplace restructuring and the introduction of new technologies, while deteriorating health and the occurrence of secondary health problems are the greatest risk for persons with SCI. Third, the relevance of knowledge, experience and attitudes of professionals; Knowledge of the consequences of an ABI or SCI, the legal basis and the social security process, and the attitude of professionals towards the injured worker were considered important. From the professional's perspective, enabling and hindering factors for sustainable employment in the long-term are fundamentally very similar for persons with ABI and SCI. But different physical, mental and neuropsychological effects call for individually adapted measures. While persons with SCI primarily require ongoing medical care, conscious management of changes in the workplace is critical for persons with ABI. For both groups, an easily accessible counseling and support service should be established for work-threatening problems in the long-term. Furthermore, diagnosis-specific training programs for professionals of employment-related services and disability management should be developed.

The utility of a safety climate scale among workers with a work-related permanent impairment who have returned to work.

Safety climate (SC) is a robust leading indicator of occupational safety outcomes. There is, however, limited research on SC among workers who have returned to work with a work-related permanent impairment. This study examined three propositions: (1) a two-level model of SC (group-level and organization-level SC) will provide the best fit to the data; (2) antecedent factors such as safety training, job demands, supervisor support, coworker support, and decision latitude will predict SC; and (3) previously reported associations between SC and outcomes such as reinjury, work-family conflict, job performance, and job security will be observed. A representative cross-sectional survey gathered information about experiences during the first year of work reintegration. About one year after claim closure, 599 interviews with workers were conducted (53.8% response rate). Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the factor structure of the SC construct. Further, researchers used correlation analyses to examine the criterion-related validity. Consistent with general worker populations, our findings suggest the following: (1) the two-factor structure of SC outperformed the single-factor structure in our population of workers with a permanent impairment; (2) correlations demonstrate that workplace safety training, decision latitude, supervisor support, coworker support, and job demands could predict SC; and (3) SC may positively impact reinjury risk, work-family conflict, and may increase job performance and job security. Our study validated a two-factor SC scale among workers with a history of disabling workplace injury or permanent impairment who have returned to work. Practical applications of this scale will equip organizations with the necessary data to improve working conditions for this population.

Evaluation of an e-learning on involving significant others in occupational health care

Abstract Background Significant others (SOs) like partners, family members or friends can play an important role in how workers cope with chronic disease, thereby influencing work and health outcomes. Despite the potential benefits of involving SOs in the return-to-work (RTW) process of workers with chronic diseases, guidance and training on how to manage this is scarce. Educating work and health professionals on this topic could lead to better RTW support for workers and prevention of long-term sickness absence. Objectives This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an e-learning for improving occupational health physicians’ (OHPs) knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy regarding involving SOs in the RTW process. In addition, we explored OHPs’ responses to and satisfaction with the e-learning. We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 87 OHPs, involving an intervention group and a waitlisted control group. Between-group differences in knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy outcomes, and retention of effects were assessed using ANOVA and paired t-tests. Reactions to the e-learning were analyzed with descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results We found moderate to large effects on OHPs’ knowledge (p <.001, ηp2 = .202), attitudes (ηp2 = .098), and self-efficacy (p < .001, ηp2 = .237), with retention of all changes at 10-week follow-up. OHPs graded the e-learning with a mean score of 7.9 out of 10 (SD = 1.11) and indicated that the e-learning increased their awareness of the role of SOs in RTW and encouraged them to address this more often. Conclusions The developed e-learning is the first evidence-based training to improve the knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy of OHPs with regard to involving SOs in the RTW process of workers with chronic diseases. The e-learning and accompanying materials can encourage work and health professionals to more often address the role of significant others in the work re-integration process. Key messages • The developed e-learning is effective in increasing occupational health physicians’ knowledge, attitudes and self-efficacy with regard to involving significant others in the return-to-work process. • The e-learning and accompanying materials can encourage professionals to more often address the role of significant others in the work re-integration process to prevent long-term sickness absence.

Le abilità di comprensione del testo in soggetti afasici adulti

Experiences of daily interactions with Italian aphasic subjects with unimpaired comprehension abilities according to standardized aphasia tests raise doubts about their actual and complete understanding of what has been said. The available standardized aphasia tests assess only the comprehension of phonemes and of isolated words and sentences, while no tools specifically developed for aphasics exist for the assessment of multiple sentence utterances and for interactions comparable to everyday real interactions. A more precise assessment of comprehension abilities would be necessary, in order to allow clinicians involved in the treatment of aphasia to develop treatment strategies aimed at improving actual comprehension in everyday interactions, as well as to make predictions and give indications for social and work reintegration after treatment. This paper presents the results of a research developed from the cooperation of clinicians (neurologist, physiatrists, speech therapist) and linguists aimed at collecting data on text and discourse comprehension abilities in 28 Italian aphasic adults with left-hemisphere brain damage presenting good performances in standardized comprehension subtests and 28 comparable non-aphasic adults.

Stakeholders' Expectations of Return-to-Work After Spinal Cord Injury: A 1-Year Follow-Up.

Understanding the process of return-to-work is key to supporting people's social participation and health after a disability. This phenomenographic study aimed to explore the expectations and ways of understanding return-to-work from the perspectives of three stakeholder types: three workers with spinal cord injuries, their employers, and an occupational therapist coordinator. Participants were interviewed twice, at 6 and 12 months, after having participated in a research-based return-to-work intervention in Sweden. A phenomenographic approach was used to analyze the data. The findings highlight how stakeholders' different expectations prevented them from openly discussing more flexible arrangements to make return-to-work viable and sustainable. The study contributes to occupational therapy practice by raising awareness of the challenges of work reintegration. It also adds to the body of knowledge in occupational science by illuminating how normative social expectations and policy concerning work/productivity influence the return-to-work process.

Workplace Reintegration Facilitator Training Program for Mental Health Literacy and Workplace Attitudes of Public Safety Personnel: Pre-Post Pilot Cohort Study.

BackgroundPublic safety personnel (PSP) impacted by operational stress injuries can find themselves needing both time off work and support reintegrating back into the workforce. Work reintegration programs have been introduced in PSP organizations to support those who aim to return to work. One such peer-led workplace reintegration program (RP) was created in 2009 by members of the Edmonton Police Service (EPS). The primary goal of the EPSRP is to assist PSP in returning to work as soon as possible following a critical incident, illness, or injury while diminishing the potential for long-term psychological injury. The EPSRP is delivered by peers through 3 interrelated components: (1) the Reintegration Program Facilitator Training (RPFT) Program; (2) a short-term Critical Incident RP; and (3) a long-term RP. There is a dire need for research that incorporates strong study designs to the determine long-term effectiveness of the program on increasing workplace reintegration, improving mental health knowledge, and creating culture change within PSP organizations. Simultaneously, the efficacy, effectiveness, and fidelity of the RPFT in providing the tools, mental health knowledge, and skills the RP peer facilitators will need for the RP must be evaluated.ObjectiveThe purpose of this quasi-experimental pre-post pilot cohort study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the EPSRPFT course on influencing mental health knowledge and attitudes of RPFT attendees who will be future RP peer facilitators.MethodsThis pre-post cohort study collected data via 2 questionnaires from RPFT participants (N=60) which included the Mental Health Knowledge Survey (MAKS) and the Open Minds Survey of Workplace Attitudes (OMSWA). Descriptive, parametric (sample t tests), and nonparametric (Wilcoxon signed rank tests) statistics were used to compare the pre- and post-RPFT results and to analyze results by gender and profession.ResultsStatistically significant changes were observed in pre-post questionnaire scores in the domains of mental health attitudes and knowledge.ConclusionsAlthough results are explorative, the RPFT may facilitate positive changes in workplace mental health attitudes and knowledge among PSP. It is hoped these findings will contribute to a broader evidence base that can inform changes to the program, practices, and policies, and inform decision-making regarding the EPSRP.

Adaptation of the Core Set for Vocational Rehabilitation for Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Consensus-Based Study.

PurposeThe Core Set for Vocational Rehabilitation (CS-VR) of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) describes the work functioning of individuals in need of VR. We aimed to adapt the CS-VR from the perspective of cancer survivors (CSs) and stakeholders, developing a CS-VR-Onco.MethodsWe held five focus groups with 17 CSs who were employed at the time of diagnosis, to discuss their work reintegration experiences. After analyzing the focus group conversations, the CS-VR-Onco was developed. During a group interview, eleven stakeholders explored barriers/facilitations in assessing the work functioning of CSs by using the CS-VR-Onco. We applied the framework method and thematic analysis.ResultsFor the focus groups, the CS-VR-Onco of 85 categories emerged, and the ICF chapters of Mental functions, Exercise and tolerance functions, Interpersonal interactions and relationships, Major life areas, General tasks and demands, Mobility, Support and relationships, and Attitudes were prioritized. For the group interview, stakeholders’ perspectives can be synthetized into two themes: close to the lived experience and usability criteria. Stakeholders confirmed the categories of the CS-VR-Onco, a checklist that should be used through an integrated approach across multiple disciplines.ConclusionsThe adapted CS-VR-Onco reflects the CSs’ lived experiences of work reintegration and the factors that have influenced this process. The CS-VR-Onco was described as complete and usable through an integrated approach.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10926-022-10033-y.