Locomotive Works Research Articles

Comparative study of simple and modified rice husk biochar for cadmium removal: Adsorption performance and possible mechanisms

Abstract In the present study, the simple and chemically modified forms of biochar (KMnO4 and HNO3; 0.01 M) obtained from rice husks were used to study the possible mechanism behind the process of cadmium (Cd) adsorption from the synthetic solution having Cd2+ ranged from 10 to 50 ppm. At 50 ppm, the maximum adsorption has been observed and it showed 93% removal by the KMnO4 modification and 86% by HNO3 modification, whereas simple biochar led to 82% removal only. The adsorption pattern follows the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order model. With characterization techniques, it has been confirmed that the KMnO4-modified forms of biochar showed more adsorption capacity than HNO3-modified and simple biochar. Furthermore, to check its practical applicability, the modified forms of biochar have been applied to the wastewater collected from Banaras locomotive works, Bhagwanpur, and Lohta sites of Varanasi city, UP, India. Again, the maximum adsorption of Cd2+ has been observed with KMnO4 modification (92–95%) at all the sites. This result also confirmed that KMnO4 was the best modifying agent over HNO3. Therefore, its application could be promoted in metal-contaminated water and soil to decrease the availability of toxic metals.

The flaneur in the Borsig locomotive works: Walter Benjamin, the Berlin Radio Youth Hour, and sound as pedagogy

AbstractWalter Benjamin's radio addresses for young people remain a comparatively neglected part of his work. New scholarship and translations have begun to address this, however. This article argues that the radio addresses, and particularly the address on the Borsig locomotive and machine works, deserve a prominent place within the critical and intellectual trajectory of Benjamin's career. A close reading of “Borsig” demonstrates how the addresses model the modes of experience mediated by and through Benjamin's master figure of the flaneur and generate the possibility for a historical pedagogy adequate to modernity. In the radio addresses, in general, and in “Borsig,” in particular, the mediation of experience entirely through sound and the narrating voice requires the simultaneity of past, present, and future that resolves into Benjamin's theory of history. “Borsig” thus points directly toward the stakes of the Passagen‐Werk and Benjamin's later theoretical essays.

Enhancement of Production through Strategic Decision Making: A Case Study of Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW)

This paper aims to summarize the strategic decisions taken to double the production level of DLW in four years of time. The paper enumerates the possibilities up to which strategic and radical decisions can be taken in a government-owned industrial setup in India. Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW) manufactures diesel electric locomotives primarily for Indian Railways. To increase the output, strategic decisions are taken to purchase/outsource large number of items which used to be manufactured in-house. Achievement of loco production targets is the result of concerted efforts by all departments. Each department improved their working to dovetail their efforts to the loco production targets. Staff and unions of DLW are very supportive in implementing strategic decisions. The strategic decisions have transformed DLW, from an integrated locomotive manufacturer, to more of an assembler of locomotives.

An emperical survey of workers’ perceptions on social security measures in Indian Railways- A case study

In human life, there are two stages of dependency childhood and old age. Apart from them in the intervening years of adult life a person is likely occur to spells during which he/she cannot earn a living. Such spells are sickness, maternity, disablement arising out of employment injury etc. Social security system aims to help individuals in such times of dependency. It is an indispensable part of the government social policy and an important tool to prevent contingencies and provide a decent standard of life. The study endeavours to examine the perceptions of workers towards the social security measures implemented in Indian Railways, basically a case study focussed on Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW) which is a second production unit of Indian Railways. The study is organised in four sections. Section I contains introduction while a brief knowledge about the selected organisations has been discussed in Section II. Objectives of study along-with research methodology have been described in Section III. Section IV contains major findings of the study and on that basis, conclusion is drawn that indicated in Section V.

Spatio-Temporal Changing Scenario of Growth and Structure of Manufacturing Industries in Asansol-Durgapur Region, West Bengal

Asansol-Durgapur Industrial Region serves as nerve-knot of the economy of West Bengal as well as the entire economic region of Eastern India because of its enormous reservoir of excellent quality of coal of Raniganj Coalfield, outstanding network of transport by rail and road, skillful and cheap labour in close proximity of states. With the establishment of a number of large industrial units like Iron & Steel Plant, Durgapur Steel Plant, Chittaranjan Locomotive works, Durgapur Alloy Steel Plant, Durgapur Thermal Power Station, and hundreds of medium and small-scale industries have made the region great industrial belt after Hooghly industrial belt in West Bengal. Though there was rapid industrialization after independence period but the growth of industries has not taken place uniformly throughout the study area. This is because, high manufacturing intensity found in Durgapur, Asansol, Raniganj and Kulti areas whereas the Salanpur, Jamuria, Fraidpur, Barabani areas witnesses low manufacturing intensity. The decadal growth of industries also noteworthy, in 1951 there were 46 industrial units and it increased to 430 in 2019. The number of basic metal and engineering units was 2 and 18 respectively in the year 1951 whereas in 2019 the basic metal and engineering unit increased to 122 and 66 respectively. This paper primarily focuses on the estimation of spatial and temporal distribution of manufacturing industrial units, growth and structural changes, manufacturing intensity and concentration of the manufacturing sector during the period of 1951 to 2019 in Asansol-Durgapur Industrial Region.

Social security measures in indian railways- an empirical study of workers' perceptions of diesel locomotive works

In human life, there are two stages of dependency childhood and old age. Apart from them in the intervening years of adult life a person is likely occur to spells during which he/she cannot earn a living. Such spells are sickness, maternity, disablement arising out of employment injury etc. Social security system aims to help individuals in such times of dependency. It is an indispensable part of the government social policy and an important tool to prevent contingencies and provide a decent standard of life. The study endeavours to examine the perceptions of workers towards the social security measures implemented in Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW) which is a second production unit of Indian Railways. The study is organised in four sections. Section I contains introduction while a brief knowledge about the selected organisations has been discussed in Section II. Objectives of study along-with research methodology have been described in Section III. Section IV contains major findings of the study and on that basis, conclusion is drawn that indicated in Section V.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭВТРОФИРОВАНИЯ МАЛЫХ РЕК РОСТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Purpose: to determine the impact of phosphorus content in water on the degree of eutrophication of small rivers Grushevka and Tuzlov in the area of Novocherkassk. Materials and methods. The data obtained as a result of the reconnaissance survey of small rivers in the area of Novocherkassk and laboratory studies were used as research materials. The assessment of the mass concentration of phosphates in water was carried out according to the RD 52.24.382-2006 method “Mass concentration of phosphates and polyphosphates in waters. Photometric Measurement Method”. Subsequently, the materials were processed by the method of system analysis and empirical generalization, an integrated approach to the study of measures to determine the degree of eutrophication of small rivers was applied, the works of Russian authors who had previously studied this problem were studied by method of comparison and generalization of data. Results. The concentration of phosphorus in water is often used as a criterion for the degree of eutrophication of rivers. Small rivers of Rostov region – the Tuzlov and the Grushevka are water bodies of the highest category of fishery significance. In the area of Novocherkassk they are subject to high eutrophication, which is caused by the discharge of insufficiently treated wastewater by the purification plants of LLC “PС “Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Works” and the Kadamovskaya treatment facilities. Under the conditions of a drying out climate and a decrease in the discharge of these rivers, the discharge of nutrients in such concentrations can lead to their complete degradation. Conclusions. The rivers Grushevka and Tuzlov in Novocherkassk area are subject to high eutrophication. The main reason is the discharge of wastewater from the LLC “PС “Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Works” and the Kadamovskaya treatment facilities, which are insufficiently purified from phosphorus compounds. Filtration fields of treatment facilities cannot cope with the retention of phosphorus compounds, and additional measures are required to clean the discharged water.

The Twelfth Engine: A Confluence of Business Perspectives

Despite an inadequate inventory of locomotives in 1844, the Philadelphia & Reading sold one locomotive — the Mohegan — to the State of Michigan. The seemingly simple sale was complex and curious. The engine was precious to the PR surprising because the bonds, which had been issued to finance Michigan’s ill-fated internal improvements program, had been repudiated in 1842 and were in default in 1844. And Michigan was then trying to sell the Central Railroads’ assets, which would include the Mohegan, to a group of Boston and New York investors. Those investors, particularly the Bostonians, held significant investments in each of the Philadelphia & Reading and Locks & Canals. Unheralded, but pivotally, the Baldwin Locomotive Works was aggressively seeking to build locomotives for each of Michigan and the Philadelphia & Reading. This paper explores the confluence that enabled, resulted in, and influenced the terms of the sale of the Mohegan, particularly from financial and business perspectives. The story is a vehicle for examining intricate financial maneuverings that shaped the emergence of a capital-intensive industry (railroading) as each transactional participant protected and enhanced its own financial and operational interests within its constraints. Each party, using its knowledge of the objectives and needs of and constraints affecting each other party, sought to maximize the probability of realizing its own objectives, which required facilitating each other party’s realization of its objectives in accordance with that other party’s constraints. A sort of multiple regression analysis over seemingly unrelated parties, objectives, imperatives, and constraints wove together a series of otherwise independent transactions.

Optimization Method of Locomotive Working Diagram Layout

Rational scheduling of locomotive paths (the locus of the locomotive point in the train working diagram) is an important step in drawing a locomotive working diagram by a computer. But there are some problems in this process, such as the computer usually drawing a locomotive path that overlaps with another locomotive path (in the circumstances, the actual users of the locomotive working diagrams often misread the locomotive planning). At present, there are many studies about assigning sets of locomotives to each train in a preplanned train schedule; in contrast, the studies of visualizing the locomotive planning are relatively rare. Through investigating the locomotive working diagram users, this paper points out that the layout of locomotive paths should put the distance between lines being as large as possible and should put the number of the intersection between lines being as few as possible as the optimization aim which is based to solve the problem of the lines overlap or the problem of the lines beyond the margins for drawing the locomotive paths. This paper also builds the optimization model of locomotive working diagram layout. Based on determining the position of locomotive paths which can be delineated, a genetic algorithm is used to solve the optimizing model of locomotive working diagram layout in this paper. An example of a train working diagram with 36 trains is given at the end of the paper, which indicates that the optimization model of locomotive working diagram layout can better solve the problem of locomotive planning visualization.

Stephenson’s Roundhouse in Context: Excavations at the Stratford Locomotive and Carriage Works, London Borough of Newham

ABSTRACTThis article explores the findings of a developer-funded archaeological investigation undertaken by Pre-Construct Archaeology at the Eastern Counties Railway’s Stratford Works, Angel Lane, London Borough of Newham. The investigations revealed truncated walls and in situ floor surfaces of terraced housing, as well as an early engine house and associated structures, constructed in accord with a design of Robert Stephenson’s. With a construction date of 1840, it represents an early example of a railway roundhouse, the first in London. In Britain, developer-funded archaeological projects have resulted in the preservation by record of several comparable sites prior to their adaptive reuse or demolition in recent years. As well as contextualising the results of the excavation more generally, this article therefore aims to improve the understanding of the evolution and life-history of the Stratford roundhouse and its environs, as well as British railway roundhouses more generally, via a comparative approach, the ultimate aim being to demonstrate that developments within the excavated sections of the Stratford site fit within a broader architectural, archaeological, and historical narrative.

EFFICIENCY OF MODERNIZATION OF WHEEL-MOTOR BLOCKS (WMB) USING ANTI-FRICTION TRACTION MOTOR SUPPORT BEARINGS (TMSB)

Purpose. The use of anti-friction traction motor support bearings (TMSB) instead of plain friction traction motor support bearings is a priority direction of locomotive development both for newly constructed locomotives and for those in operation. The solution of the set tasks for introduction of wheel-motor blocks (WMB) with anti-friction bearings demanded the search for alternative variants and new technical solutions. The purpose of the article is to determine the feasibility of re-equipping the diesel locomotive wheel-motor blocks with anti-friction bearings through the life cycle calculation (LCC). Methodology. The procedure and criteria for assessing the economic efficiency of project (investment) proposals and investment projects approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine envisage that the cost-effectiveness analysis of an investment project is carried out according to the following criteria: net present value, internal rate of return, discounted payback period and profitability index. The use of these criteria of economic efficiency fully corresponds to modern principles, theoretical-methodical approaches and world practice in evaluating the efficiency of investments. The evaluation of the technical and economic efficiency of the modernization of the diesel locomotive wheel-motor block is made on the basis of calculation and comparison of the following criteria: the net present value (NPV) of modernization, the internal rate of return (IRR), the profitability index (PI) and the discount payback period. Findings. The results of the calculations of the values of the main criteria show that the innovative project for the modernization of the locomotive provides a high level of economic efficiency. At the same time, the value of the discounted payback period of investments in modernization indicates that it is expedient to carry out this operation if the residual life of the upgraded locomotive of the M62 series is at least 15 months. Originality. Taking into account the specifics of the type of locomotive work in freight traffic, we developed a method to determine the individual components of the average annual economic effect of modernization of the diesel locomotive wheel-motor block, which includes saving of oil costs, repairing and servicing the diesel locomotive wheel-motor unit, as well as change of TMSB brass and saving fuel costs for traction. Practical value. The results of the work make it possible to determine the expediency of modernization of diesel locomotives taking into account the features and conditions of their operation and the specifics of modernization.

Andy Durr, 1917–2014: a Memoir

Andy Durr, who died at his home in Brighton in December 2014, will be remembered by those involved in the History Workshop movement and its conferences from the late 1970s until their end in the 1990s. Andy was in many ways typical of what was best about those meetings. A self-educated, deeply political man of the old trade-union left, he was also a bibliophile, a collector of commemorative china, Staffordshire figurines, banners and symbols, a working-class historian and a Freemason. In the last twenty years he had put a huge amount of his energy into founding and nurturing the Brighton Fishing Museum on the seafront of his adopted and much loved ‘home town’. Andy Durr was born in south London. He left school at fifteen and took up an apprenticeship in engineering. It was this which, after a brief period at sea, brought him to Sussex in the 1960s. Andy came to work on the Dungeness Power Station, then nearing completion, and lived in Hastings, however when that work came to an end he moved to Brighton. Brighton in the early late 1960s and 1970s suited Andy and Andy suited Brighton. The town had a lively mixture of seedy raffishness and bohemian leftism, which made it a great place to be young, but it also had a long-established and very solid labour and co-operative movement. This was based firstly on the railways (there was a locomotive works and railway workshop in Brighton until 1962 and a carriage works at nearby Lancing until 1965) and secondly on the large number of small-scale manufacturing units which had grown up around the town after the Second World War. Finally there were still the residual ‘trades’ of late Victorian and Edwardian Brighton. From 1964–70 it had a Labour MP, the late Dennis Hobden.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ЛОГИСТИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ НА МАШИНОСТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ

The use of logistic approach at machine-building enterprises has considerable results. The application of tools and methods "kaidzen" and lean production al-lows to achieve substantial efficiency increase of en-terprise activity, labor productivity, improvement of product quality and growth of competitiveness without considerable capital investments.
 These logistic systems are implemented success-fully at the Russian machine-building enterprises. JSC Lyudinovsky Locomotive Works successfully realizes the quality system "5 S kaidzen", and SA "UK "BMZ" in April, 2016 has received certificate of compliance for the Quality management system of Economical production. These systems have allowed to reduce losses considerably and to increase product quality.
 Thus, applying the logistic approach in the organi-zation of production processes at machine-building enterprises leads to improvement of product quality, increase in competitiveness both on internal and on international markets.

Модернізація системи мотивації як пріоритетний напрям підвищення ефективності менеджменту

Modernization of motivation system as the priority direction of increasing management efficiency is necessary for the sustainable growth of the national economy of Ukraine. The article substantiates the recommendations for the modernization of human resources policy and universal scale of motivation levels in organizations. The authors define the relation of motivational patterns of employees to the productivity of their labor as a factor of increasing the safety of the specific work of locomotive crews. Classification of emergency preconditions with considering identified causes of errors in the locomotive crew work has been developed and grounded. The article scientifically substantiates the mechanism of motivation and stimulation of workers of locomotive crews, which aims at improving personnel policies and ensuring a high level of safety of trains.

Integrated Planning for Multiple Types of Locomotive Work Facilities Under Location, Routing, and Inventory Considerations

In North America, thousands of locomotives operating in the railroad network require various types of mechanical work every day. This work may be unscheduled, periodic, or on demand and could be conducted at either a fixed facility or a movable facility. Each facility is characterized by the type of work it can provide. The long-term infrastructure planning of these facilities is vital to the efficiency of the railroad. In this paper, we develop a large-scale mixed-integer mathematical model for infrastructure planning. The model integrates and optimizes decisions about (1) Locations, capabilities, and capacities of fixed facilities, (2) Home locations and routing plans of movable facilities, and (3) Assignments of locomotive work demands to facilities. We propose a decomposition-based heuristic solution framework consisting of several underlying algorithms to solve this large-scale optimization model. Computational results on numerous scenario studies using field data from the railroad industry show that the proposed model and algorithms are capable of providing solutions that are significantly superior to the current practice. The successful application of our methodology to real-world railroad planning has clearly demonstrated the substantial cost-saving benefits of our models on infrastructure planning solutions.

Finite Element Analysis and Tooth Profile Modification Study on Traction Gear of High Speed and Heavy Load Locomotive

Base on the characteristics of high-speed and heavy-load locomotive traction gear, a pre-grinding hob was designed which increased the thickness of the dangerous tooth root section as much as possible. The deformation and stress of the traction gears were calculated through the parameterized model established by finite element method. The tooth profile modification was implemented considering three locomotive working conditions including starting, sustain, and rapid operation. Finally, the related tests verified that the optimized transmission gear was in accordance the design requirements, the effect was good.

Mechanical work and energy consumption in children with cerebral palsy after single-event multilevel surgery

Multilevel surgery is commonly performed to improve walking in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Classical gait analysis (kinetics, kinematics) demonstrated positive outcomes after this intervention, however it doesn’t give global indication about gait's features. The assessment of energy cost and mechanical work of locomotion can provide an overall description of walking functionality. Therefore, we propose to describe the effects of multilevel surgery in children with CP, considering energetics, mechanical work, kinetic and kinematic of walking. We measured external, internal, total work, energy cost, recovery, efficiency, kinetic and kinematic of walking in 10 children with CP (4 girls, 6 boys; 13 years±2) before and 1 year after multilevel surgery. Kinetic and kinematic results are partially comparable to previous findings, energy cost of walking is significantly reduced (p<0.05); external, internal, total work, recovery, efficiency are not significantly different (p=0.129; p=0.147; p=0.795; p=0.119; p=0.21). The improvement of the walking's energy consumption is not accompanied by a corresponding improvement of mechanical work. Therefore it is conceivable that the improvement of walking economy depend on a reduced effort of the muscle to maintain the posture, rather then to an improvement of the mechanism of energy recovery typical of human locomotion.

Moderation Effect of Job Involvement on the Relationship Between Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction

The present study investigates the impact that Job Satisfaction (JS) has on the Organizational Commitment (OC) level of industrial workers and also finds out whether Job Involvement (JI) moderates the relationship between JS and OC. The study has been conducted on 600 employees belonging to different departments of Diesel Locomotive Works (DLW), which is one of the public sector giants of India. Relationship between JS and OC has been established with the help of a 2 × 2 factorial design, and moderation effect of JI on the relationship between JS and OC has been checked with the help of hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results of the investigation have come out with the findings that OC is positively related to JS. Also, JI does moderate the relationship between JS and OC but in a negative way, and the impact has been found to be weak.

Realization for New Type System of Energy Recovery

In the performance testing for diesel engine, the load of power testing mostly used water resistance. The power generated by diesel engine all consumed by water resistance. The power and water wasted mostly by this way. Base on the existing mechanical energy recovery system means that the system adopt generator dragged by prime motor to generate recycle electricity, this paper introduces variable current energy recovery system. The power voltage inverts to 10kV voltage, and connects the power plants to the grid. Research shows that the system is low cost, energy saving. And it is achieved the ideal effect in power quality and economic benefit. At present, our company cooperates with a locomotive works for design and construction this system and ancillary plant.

Design of Automatic Control Operation Mode in Safety Monitor and Control System of Electric Locomotive Servicing Work

This article has developed automatic control operation mode of safety monitor and control system of electric locomotive operation (online mode), it i improves the security and efficiency of electric locomotive servicing work. Operation of the entire system has been simulated in laborator, This has laid a good foundation for the promotion in railway system.