Words Of Participants Research Articles

First-year Preservice Teachers’ Understanding of Digital Technologies and Their Digital Literacy, Efficacy, Attitude, and Online Learning Engagement: Implication for Course Design

Ensuring quality education for all students requires teachers to possess knowledge and skills in utilising digital technologies effectively for teaching and learning. This study explored how pre-service teachers (PSTs) perceive their digital attitude, efficacy, literacy, engagement, and understanding of digital technologies in an online learning environment. The study employed a mixed-methods research approach. A survey comprising Likert Scale questions and demographic information was administered to 110 PSTs from a regional university. Descriptive statistics were employed to investigate the relationship between PSTs’ understanding of digital technologies and their attitude, literacy, self-efficacy, and learning engagement in online learning. To illustrate the frequently used words in participants’ definitions of digital technologies, a ‘word cloud’ representation was utilised, accompanied by quantitative weightings of key terms. The study revealed significant connections between PST self-efficacy and their attitudes toward digital technologies, digital literacies, and learner engagement. Notably, most of the PSTs exhibited narrower definitions of digital technologies than anticipated. The implications of these findings for course design are discussed, emphasising the need to address PSTs’ perceptions of digital technologies, foster their self-efficacy, and enhance their digital literacy and engagement in online learning environments. Understanding these factors can lead to more effective integration of digital technologies in teacher education program courses, ultimately preparing future teachers for digital-age classrooms.

Detection of Suicidal Ideation in Clinical Interviews for Depression Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning: Cross-Sectional Study.

Assessing patients' suicide risk is challenging, especially among those who deny suicidal ideation. Primary care providers have poor agreement in screening suicide risk. Patients' speech may provide more objective, language-based clues about their underlying suicidal ideation. Text analysis to detect suicide risk in depression is lacking in the literature. This study aimed to determine whether suicidal ideation can be detected via language features in clinical interviews for depression using natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning (ML). This cross-sectional study recruited 305 participants between October 2020 and May 2022 (mean age 53.0, SD 11.77 years; female: n=176, 57%), of which 197 had lifetime depression and 108 were healthy. This study was part of ongoing research on characterizing depression with a case-control design. In this study, 236 participants were nonsuicidal, while 56 and 13 had low and high suicide risks, respectively. The structured interview guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was adopted to assess suicide risk and depression severity. Suicide risk was clinician rated based on a suicide-related question (H11). The interviews were transcribed and the words in participants' verbal responses were translated into psychologically meaningful categories using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). Ordinal logistic regression revealed significant suicide-related language features in participants' responses to the HAMD questions. Increased use of anger words when talking about work and activities posed the highest suicide risk (odds ratio [OR] 2.91, 95% CI 1.22-8.55; P=.02). Random forest models demonstrated that text analysis of the direct responses to H11 was effective in identifying individuals with high suicide risk (AUC 0.76-0.89; P<.001) and detecting suicide risk in general, including both low and high suicide risk (AUC 0.83-0.92; P<.001). More importantly, suicide risk can be detected with satisfactory performance even without patients' disclosure of suicidal ideation. Based on the response to the question on hypochondriasis, ML models were trained to identify individuals with high suicide risk (AUC 0.76; P<.001). This study examined the perspective of using NLP and ML to analyze the texts from clinical interviews for suicidality detection, which has the potential to provide more accurate and specific markers for suicidal ideation detection. The findings may pave the way for developing high-performance assessment of suicide risk for automated detection, including online chatbot-based interviews for universal screening.

CROSS-LINGUISTIC INFLUENCE OF L2 ON COMPREHENSION OF L1 ACADEMIC VOCABULARY

This article reports on the findings of an empirical study of cross-linguistic lexical influence on the comprehension of cognates in Serbian and French, Italian or German language on one hand and non-cognates on the other hand. The lexical items chosen for the study are considered to belong to academic vocabulary. The participants are third and forth-year undergraduate students of French, Italian and German language respectively. They are all native speakers of Serbian language and speak English and at least one more foreign language. The participants took a multiple-choice test consisting of four types of words based on their formal similarities between Serbian and the three analysed L2 languages. Based on the results obtained in the study, we discuss cross-linguistic influence of foreign lexis on comprehension of words in participants’ L1, with special attention to both positive and negative effects of such an influence. We argue that multilingualism can be an important factor in the comprehension of academic vocabulary and can facilitate manipulation with this specific type of lexis.

The patient experience with localized upper tract urothelial cancer

ObjectiveTo understand the experiences of patients with low-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma via in-depth interviews covering the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. MethodsA qualitative study was performed using 60 minutes interviews with patients diagnosed with low-grade UTUC. The participants received either endoscopic treatment (ET), radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) or intracavity mitomycin gel for the pyelocaliceal system. Interviews were conducted by trained interviewers via telephone using a semi-structured questionnaire. The raw interviews were coded into discrete phrases that were grouped together based on similarity of meaning. Inductive data analysis methodology was used. Themes were identified and refined to overarching themes striving to encompass the original meaning and intent of participant's words. ResultsTwenty individuals were enrolled; 6 were treated with ET, 8 were treated with a RNU, and 6 were treated with intracavitary mitomycin gel. The median age was 74 years (52–88) and half of participants were women. Most endorsed good, very good, or excellent health. Four unique themes were identified: 1. Misunderstandings of the nature of disease; 2. Importance of physical symptoms during treatment as a proxy for recovery; 3. Competing desires for kidney preservation versus expeditious treatment; and 4. Trust in doctors and minimal perceived shared decision-making. ConclusionsLow grade UTUC is a disease with a diverse clinical presentation and an evolving landscape of available treatments. This study provides insight into patients’ perspective and can help guide counseling and treatment selection.

Can self-affirmation reduce narcissistic hypervigilance to self-threat?

Previous research has shown that narcissists demonstrate hypervigilance to self-threatening words. This research experimentally investigated whether a self-affirmation intervention, designed to reduce the psychological impact of self-threat, moderated this hypervigilance in grandiose or vulnerable narcissists. Participants (N = 188) were randomly assigned to an experimental or control group and asked to complete an implicit self-affirmation procedure, a computer-based lexical decision task, and measures of narcissism and of self-esteem. Results showed self-affirmation (1) caused a delay in the onset of hypervigilance to self-threatening words in participants with grandiose narcissism, and (2) revealed a novel finding: hypovigilance (i.e., reduced sensitivity/reactivity) to self-threatening words among participants with vulnerable narcissism. Self-affirmation (3) strengthened positive associations between self-esteem and grandiose narcissism and (4) reduced negative associations between self-esteem and vulnerable narcissism. The results show that self-affirmation moderates hypervigilance to self-threat in both grandiose and vulnerable narcissists, but in different ways.

Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Increase the Efficiency of Memory Functioning for Trauma-Related Information.

The present study explored the resources reallocation explanation for memory biases in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), whereby a preferential allocation of cognitive resources to the processing of threatening stimuli could result in both improvements in their memorization and deficits for other types of information. To this end, 25 participants presenting significant symptoms of PTSD (i.e., total PCL-5 score ≥33) and 32 participants presenting low levels of symptoms (i.e., total PCL-5 score <20) took part in a Remember/Know recognition procedure associated with a dual-task encoding of positive, neutral, negative, and trauma-related words. In order to manipulate the availability of cognitive resources, the encoding of each word was associated with a simultaneous encoding of series of letters and numbers. Results replicated the increased production of Remember recognitions for trauma-related words in participants with significant PTSD symptoms. However, the dual-task load only impaired remember recognitions for non-trauma-related words. Contrary to expectations, these findings suggest that the encoding of trauma-related information in PTSD is relatively independent from the availability of cognitive resources. Thus, rather than reflecting an increased allocation of cognitive resources to the processing of threatening information, memory biases in PTSD appeared to be supported by an enhanced efficiency of their processing.

Practitioners Assess Achievements and Challenges of Nonfatal Injury Surveillance.

Objective:Injury surveillance relies on data coded for administrative rather than epidemiological accuracy. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established the 5-year Surveillance Quality Improvement (SQI) initiative to advance consensus and methodology for injury epidemiology reporting and analysis. Evaluation of the positive predictive value of the CDC's injury surveillance definitions based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) coding in designated injury categories comprised much of the SQI initiative's work. The goal of the current study is to identify achievements and challenges in SQI as articulated by experienced injury epidemiology practitioners who participated in the CDC-funded SQI initiative.Design, Setting, and Participants:We conducted semistructured interviews with 12 representatives of state and federal public health agencies who had participated extensively in the SQI initiative. The interviews were transcribed and coded using NVivo qualitative analysis software. Initial coding of the data involved both in vivo coding (using the words of participants) and coding of a priori themes.Main Outcome Measures:Qualitative analysis identified 2 overarching themes, variability among states and observations on the science of injury surveillance.Results:Within the 2 broad themes, the respondents provided valuable insights regarding access to medical records, case definition validation, unique contributions of medical record abstracting, variations in the practice of medical coding, and the potential for use of data from medical record reviews in other injury-related areas.Conclusions:The contributions of the SQI initiative have provided valuable insights into ICD-10-CM case definitions for national injury surveillance. Challenges remain with regard to data access and quality with ongoing reliance on administrative datasets for injury surveillance.

‘My perspective has changed on an entire group of people’: undergraduate students’ experiences with the Paralympic Skill Lab

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to seek to understand and describe the experiences of university students taking part in the Paralympic Skill Lab (PSL) program in relation to shaping attitudes and perceptions of disability and disability sport. The researchers adopted an interpretivist ontology, where we attempted to make sense of our participants’ interpretations of their lived experiences in the PSL. Data from 35 students were collected via focus group interviews and reflective essays, and analyzed inductively using a three-step approach. Three interrelated themes were constructed based on the analysis that were related to the participants’ experience during the PSL event. In the first theme, ‘My mindset definitely changed’: The power of contact, participants described the manner in which PSL shifted their perspective on individuals with disabilities. The second theme, ‘This moved me so much to be the change’: A call to action, concerned participants desire to implement tangible, actionable intentions and plans as a result of participating in PSL. The third theme, ‘They can shine as much as normal athletes’: Expressions of ableism in the words of participants, depicts the ableist paradigm through which the participants ascribed meaning to their experience, showcasing an idealized notion of normal. These findings support assertions that participation in sport-based disability awareness programs can enhance participant knowledge, attitudes, and perspectives toward persons with disabilities and disability sport.

Cardiovascular system status of long-livers in Moscow: the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their risk factors

Over the past century, an increase in life expectancy has been observed in Russia and in the world. According to the United Nations, by 2100, the number of centenarians worldwide will reach 25 million. Despite the annual increase in the number of super-centenarians, this age group remains poorly understood.Aim. To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the main risk factors among super-centenarians in Moscow.Material and methods. According to the register of long-livers in Moscow, 82 people aged 95 to 105 were included. Participants were examined at home.The history of life and the presence of chronic diseases was collected by participant words. To assess the state of cardiovascular system, an ultrasound of the heart and main arteries was performed.Results. Conventional CVD risk factors were the exception rather than the rule among study participants (smoking — 8 patients (9,8%), alcohol abuse — 4 (4,9%), obesity — 6 (7,3%)). Dyslipidemia was relatively widespread (n=37; 45,1%), however, there were no pronounced abnormalities in the lipid profile: the maximum increase in low-density lipoproteins was 5,6 mmol/L. The most common CVDs among the participants were hypertension (n=64; 78%), coronary artery disease (n=42; 51,2%), and heart failure (n=26; 31,7%); other diseases were much less common. The most common echocardiographic changes were left atrial dilatation (n=38; 74,5%), increased left ventricular mass, thickening of left ventricular posterior wall (n=24; 48%) and interventricular septum (n=51; 100%). Diastolic and systolic heart failure were not widespread among long-livers: 16 (32%) and 2 (3,9%), respectively. Despite a rather large number of atherosclerotic plaques in the common carotid and femoral arteries, the number of hemodynamically significant plaques was low (n=3; 4,6%). An intima-media thickening up to 1,0-1,1 mm was found.Conclusion. Long-livers in Moscow are characterized by a low prevalence of traditional CVD risk factors (with the exception of hypertension) and a fairly high prevalence of atherosclerotic CVDs, which are characterized by a subclinical course.

Day of Fire: An Oral History Perspective on the Bush White House on 9/11

Presidential crises come in multiple forms. The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on New York and Washington DC exemplify a type of crisis marked by a combination of four qualities: (1) a sudden event that is (2) unanticipated and (3) requires (4) an urgent response by the president. This article offers an account of the day's unfolding events as White House and other officials experienced them. It does so in the words of participants, most of them drawn from lengthy and recently-released interviews conducted by the University of Virginia's Miller Center as part of its George W. Bush Oral History. Like all historical methods, oral history is imperfect. Among its advantages, however, is that it supplements documentary White House records that have become steadily less revealing. The article concludes with a brief discussion of certain post-9/11 measures designed to enhance security, some of which have been effective but none of which forestalled the January 6, 2021 assault on the Capitol.

A phenomenological study of new doctors\u2019 transition to practice, utilising participant-voiced poetry

Transition to practice can be a turbulent time for new doctors. It has been proposed transition is experienced non-linearly in physical, psychological, cultural and social domains. What is less well known, however, is whether transition within these domains can contribute to the experience of moral injury in new doctors. Further, the lived experience of doctors as they transition to practice is underexplored. Given this, we asked; how do newly qualified doctors experience transition from medical school to practice? One-to-one phenomenological interviews with 7 recently qualified UK doctors were undertaken. Findings were analysed using Ajjawi and Higgs’ framework of hermeneutic analysis. Following identification of secondary concepts, participant-voiced research poems were crafted by the research team, re-displaying participant words chronologically to convey meaning and deepen analysis. 4 themes were identified: (1) The nature of transition to practice; (2) The influence of community; (3) The influence of personal beliefs and values; and (4) The impact of unrealistic undergraduate experience. Transition to practice was viewed mostly negatively, with interpersonal support difficult to access given the 4-month nature of rotations. Participants describe relying on strong personal beliefs and values, often rooted in an ‘ethic of caring’ to cope. Yet, in the fraught landscape of the NHS, an ethic of caring can also prove troublesome and predispose to moral injury as trainees work within a fragmented system misaligned with personal values. The disjointed nature of postgraduate training requires review, with focus on individual resilience redirected to tackle systemic health-service issues.

How questionnaires shape experienced symptoms. A qualitative case comparison study of questionnaire administration in psychotherapy research

ABSTRACT Quantified symptom measurement by self-report questionnaires is part of the ‘gold standard’ of assessing psychotherapeutic efficacy. In this paper, we report a qualitative case comparison to explore how June and Amy, two patient-participants in a gold standard psychotherapy study, experienced the process of quantitative data collection. The study resembles cognitive interviewing studies conducted in the development of measures, yet advances them by investigating patients’ experiences of questionnaire administration in actual psychotherapy. Both cases reported known issues in interpretation of pre-structured item- and response formats, communicative administrator-respondent dynamics, and response shifts. Beyond known scoring problems, the act of questionnaire administration changed their interpretation of experienced symptoms, which facilitated clinical change beyond therapeutic effects. For Amy, this change was associated with improvement, but for June, questionnaire administration facilitated deterioration in experienced symptoms. These findings emphasize that it is both epistemically and ethically vital to consider measurement effects in clinical practice. This study demonstrates the importance of taking a qualitative stance in psychotherapy research, as qualitative research can elaborate the contextual and idiosyncratic nature of questionnaire scores, and highlights that both researchers and clinicians have to be attentive to the meaning of scores as words in participants’ clinical stories.

Beyond Clinical Outcomes: Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Favor Attentional and Memory Control Abilities for Trauma-Related Words.

Memory alterations and biases are core features of posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Although a large number of studies have investigated memory biases associated with PTSS, some inconsistencies remain regarding the nature of the mechanisms behind the threat-related biases observed in prior findings. The present study explored the extent to which inhibitory deficits, both for automatic and controlled processes, can account for these biases. Participants (N = 64) took part in a remember/know recognition procedure for positive, neutral, negative, and trauma-related words associated with negative priming and directed forgetting encoding. Half of the participants had high levels of PTSS (i.e., PCL-5 score > 40) and half had low levels (i.e., total PCL-5 score < 20). As both negative priming and directed forgetting effects are posited to depend on inhibitory abilities, we expected these effects to be absent for trauma-related words in participants with more severe PTSS. Replicating classic memory biases, participants with high levels of PTSS produced more "remember" recognition responses for trauma-related words, ηp 2 = .10. However, contrary to our expectations, directed forgetting, ηp 2 = .26; and negative priming effects were observed for trauma-related words but not for words of other valences, ηp 2 = .07 and .06, respectively. Hence, rather than the expected inhibitory deficits, our results suggest that PTSS preserve the ability to inhibit trauma-related information in both attentional and memory processes. As it appears to occur at the expense of other information, this preserved cognitive functioning for trauma-related stimuli is discussed with regard to resource reallocation theories.

Media multitasking as an avoidance coping strategy against emotionally negative stimuli

ABSTRACT Background and Objectives: Emotion regulation refers to the way individuals manage and regulate their own emotions in response to negative emotional experiences. This study investigated whether media multitasking serves as an avoidance coping strategy for managing emotionally stressful events. Design and Methods: Using a correlational design, 140 participants completed self-report measures of media multitasking and emotion regulation, and cognitive measures assessing attentional bias for emotionally negative stimuli. Results: Media multitasking was associated with difficulties in accepting emotional responses for participants who showed an attentional bias away from anxiety words, and for participants with poorer inhibitory control over such words. Further, there was a strong association between media multitasking and reduced interference from anxiety words for participants with stronger inhibitory control over such words in the emotional Stroop task. Conclusions: Results support the idea that media multitasking is linked to difficulty dealing with emotionally negative stimuli and serves as an avoidance coping strategy where one deliberately directs attention away from negative stimuli to prevent their further processing. The findings have real-life implications for managing anxiety and depression, as media multitasking may be used as a maladaptive coping strategy that further increases these negative moods.

Bird play: raising red-whiskered bulbuls and (re)inventing urban ‘nature’ in contemporary Vietnam

ABSTRACT A socially recognisable signifier for wealth and class in Southeast Asian consciousness, ornamental birdkeeping often focuses on exotic avian species to enhance the status symbolism of this practice. For the past five years, contemporary Vietnamese urbanites have renewed interest in and refocused birdkeeping on a non-exotic avian native to the region: the red-whiskered bulbuls, widely considered a ‘bird of the people’ (chim bình dân) in the words of participants. Popular media have recognised the return of ornamental birdkeeping as a healthy cultural practice that encourages mental stimulation, yet the favouring of a native, non-exotic species quite amenable to a variety of living and economic situations (dễ nuôi), I argue, is remarkable in its reimagination of the high society associations of this tradition. Further, this article will demonstrate that the increased popularity of raising red-whiskered bulbuls reflects a rapidly urbanising Vietnam wherein holistic ideals of nature, characteristic of and integral to Vietnamese consciousness, underline human-nonhuman interactions from city to country, and are caught amid a transition from industrial modernity, with its nature-culture binarism, to a postmodern period fraught with uncertainties.

Conceptualising examinable physical education in the Irish context: Leaving Certificate Physical Education

ABSTRACT A Physical Education Development Group (PEDG) was responsible for constructing a new school subject curriculum, Leaving Certificate Physical Education (LCPE), in Ireland. This paper provides an insight into this development group and explores the process of curriculum development, and the influence of roles and power-ratios within the group, in the construction of the LCPE curriculum. Figurational sociology concepts (Elias, 1978) were drawn on to make sense of the curriculum makers’ experiences. Interviews were conducted with 10 PEDG members. The findings suggest that the members’ roles had very little, if any, influence on the curriculum development process. Findings also revolved around the unbalanced power-ratios which existed in the PEDG and highlighted the socially powerful position of ‘strong, well-established’ (in the academic field of curriculum development – participant's words) members and the other members (predominantly representing practicing teachers). We express concern for the role of teachers in the curriculum process and argue that they play a crucial and significant role in the school subject curriculum development process. This paper supports Goodson’s (1983) and Penney’s (2006) conceptualisation of the contested and socially constructed nature of the curriculum development process.

Affective and temporal orientation of thoughts: Electrophysiological evidence

The factors that determine the content and valence of spontaneous thoughts have not yet been clarified. In this study, we focused on the effects of bodily states and depression and anxiety traits. Participants performed a past/future thinking task in which three-part sentences including temporal cues were presented in a sequential pattern, for example “in the near future/dreams/will come true”. We measured heartbeat-evoked potentials (HEPs) to assess affective processing, and event-related potentials (ERPs) to assess temporal processing of thoughts that emerged when the temporal cue words were presented. The HEPs predicted thought valence irrespective of personality traits. Larger N400 ERPs were observed in response to past-oriented than to future-oriented words in participants with higher levels of depression, whereas the opposite was the case in participants with higher social anxiety. Our data suggest that afferent signals modulate affective thought-orientations as triggers, and that individuals with depression and anxiety have sensitivity toward temporal information at the neural level.

Effect of case study versus video simulation on nursing students' satisfaction, self-confidence, and knowledge: A quasi-experimental study

BackgroundResearch on simulation in nursing education has demonstrated the positive impact active, experiential learning has on student satisfaction, self-confidence, and knowledge. As a result, simulation laboratories with high-fidelity human patient simulators have become a common adjunct to clinical teaching. It is important to also promote active learning in the classroom setting; however, there is limited evidence on using video simulations in large classrooms. ObjectivesThis study sought to determine if using a video simulated unfolding case study as part of the didactic classroom, as compared to a traditional written case study, improved students' satisfaction, self-confidence, and knowledge. DesignA two-group, quasi-experimental design was used. SettingsThe study occurred at a University in the southeastern United States. ParticipantsA total of 165 baccalaureate nursing students participated. MethodsThe control group received a written case study, while the intervention group received video simulation of the same case study and student satisfaction, self-confidence, and knowledge were measured upon completion. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and t-tests. Qualitative comments were also provided by students and analyzed for themes. ResultsThere were no statistically significant differences, with both groups reporting a high level of satisfaction and self-confidence. The percent of knowledge questions answered correctly was higher for the video simulation group for all seven questions. Four themes were identified from participant words: A better understanding, Able to apply learning to a patient scenario, Engaged in learning, and Visualizing it helps. ConclusionsResults suggest the use of video simulation in the classroom may deepen students' understanding of classroom content and provide an additional mode for learning to enhance classroom lecture. Use of video simulation to augment classroom teaching is suggested as a strategy for engaging learners.

Ethical Shades of Gray: International Frequency of Scientific Misconduct and Questionable Research Practices in Health Professions Education.

To maintain scientific integrity and engender public confidence, research must be conducted responsibly. Whereas deliberate scientific misconduct such as data fabrication is clearly unethical, other behaviors-often referred to as questionable research practices (QRPs)-exploit the ethical shades of gray that color acceptable practice. This study aimed to measure the frequency of self-reported misconduct and QRPs in a diverse, international sample of health professions education (HPE) researchers. In 2017, the authors conducted an anonymous, cross-sectional survey study. The web-based survey contained 43 items that asked respondents to rate how often they had engaged in a variety of irresponsible research behaviors. The items were adapted from previously published surveys. In total, 590 HPE researchers took the survey. The mean age was 46 years (SD = 11.6), and the majority of participants were from the United States (26.4%), Europe (23.2%), and Canada (15.3%). The three most frequently reported irresponsible research behaviors were adding authors who did not qualify for authorship (60.6%), citing articles that were not read (49.5%), and selectively citing papers to please editors or reviewers (49.4%). Additionally, respondents reported misrepresenting a participant's words (6.7%), plagiarizing (5.5%), inappropriately modifying results (5.3%), deleting data without disclosure (3.4%), and fabricating data (2.4%). Overall, 533 (90.3%) respondents reported at least one irresponsible behavior. Notwithstanding the methodological limitations of survey research, these findings indicate that a substantial proportion of HPE researchers report a range of misconduct and QRPs. Consequently, reforms may be needed to improve the conduct of HPE research.

Altered Gamma-Band Activity as a Potential Biomarker for the Recurrence of Major Depressive Disorder.

Background: The neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive reactivity, the primary vulnerability factor of major depressive disorder (MDD) recurrence, remain unclear in individuals with recovered MDD (rMDD). Because gamma-band responses (GBRs) can be used to measure cognitive processing, they may also be useful for elucidating the mechanisms underlying cognitive reactivity. Identifying these mechanisms may permit the development of an index for predicting and preempting MDD recurrence. Here, to identify the neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive reactivity, we examined the characteristics of the GBRs evoked/induced by emotional words in participants with and without rMDD after inducing a negative mood.Methods: Thirty-three healthy control participants and 18 participants with rMDD completed a lexical emotion identification task during electroencephalography along with assessments of cognitive reactivity after negative mood induction.Results: No between-group differences were identified for the task reaction times; however, the rMDD group had significantly higher cognitive reactivity scores than did the control group. Furthermore, the power of late GBRs to positive words was significantly greater in the rMDD group, with the greater power of late GBRs being related to higher cognitive reactivity.Limitations: Considering the population studied, our findings cannot be completely generalized to populations other than adolescents, people with rMDD, and those without a history of co-morbid disorders and early life stress.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the dysfunction of neural circuits related to higher-order processes like memory and attention might underlie cognitive reactivity. Altered late GBRs to positive information may be persistent biomarkers of the depression recurrence risk.