Word Democracy Research Articles

Autokracja w języku i kulturze litewskiej

In this article, the concept of autocracy in Lithuanian discourse is analyzed using the method developed by the Lublin School of Ethnolinguistics. The focus on the concept of autocracy stems from the observation that, when asked to name antonyms for the word democracy, students most commonly mention autocracy and authoritarianism. Lithuanian lexicographical sources and the General Lithuanian Encyclopaedia provide the most general meaning of autocracy without offering any evaluation or comparison with other forms of government. While young people and media writers often compare autocracy with other forms of government, such as dictatorship or tyranny, they tend to highlight both its positive and negative characteristics. Even indirect comparisons, both in surveys and media texts, reveal nuanced aspects of democracy (such as unity, protection of human liberties and rights, participation in the governance of the state, and control of elected power) and shades of meaning associated with autocracy (including fear, suppression civil rights, disregard for the public or the community, and division). While it can be argued that, in general, democracy is viewed positively by Lithuanians, both surveys and media texts indicate a lack of consensus. There is a noticeable tendency to view autocracy positively and democracy negatively, suggesting a longing for strong leadership and perhaps a sense of uncertainty about how to handle the freedoms offered by democracy. The S–Q–T (System – Questionnaires – Text) analysis reveals that autocracy is perceived as a form of government, the opposite of democracy, representing the dominance of one person in the affairs of a society or community rather than a value.

The d-word: surveying democracy in America

ABSTRACT Political science has a “d-word” problem. Democracy is a central construct in political science, yet researchers have not settled on a single, unified definition. Furthermore, scholars increasingly fear mass publics are dividing on their meanings of democracy. This study uses two nationally representative American public and expert surveys to determine how Americans construe the word democracy. Using Blackbox transpose analysis, it finds that Americans conceive of liberal democracy – a democracy with civil liberties and political rights – more so than of democratic institutions by themselves. Additionally, the publics’ ratings are highly consistent with ratings provided in parallel expert surveys. However, partisanship, education, and political interest colour how democratic citizens perceive different countries to be.

The Jeffersonian Republicans and the Democratic Movement

Abstract Against those who argue that the term democracy only became a broadly positive term in the 19th century, this article shows that it already had become a positive political term in the 1790s in the USA. With the Jeffersonian revolution, groups that used democracy positively triumphed over the anti-democratic Federalists. By transforming the connotation of the word democracy, however, Democratic Republicans also transformed the concept/theory associated with it – from radical direct democracy to a representative system.

Penerapan Demokrasi Kepemimpinan Dalam Organisasi Kecil Berlandaskan Pancasila

Democracy is a form of government in which all citizens have equal rights to make decisions that can change their lives. The word democracy comes from the term demokratia which means “rule of the people”, is a combination of two words, demos means people (people) and kratos. Means power or government. The purpose of this study, among others, is that researchers explore the events or objects under study, such as seeing how a leader leads. And in order to obtain information about the democratic leadership system of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, it is still being applied. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method as a translation method. This method will describe the data that the authors have collected through interviews, namely by holding direct questions and answers with the two leaders or one of the heads of campus organizations regarding the implementation of leadership democracy in organizations based on Pancasila.

Penerapan Demokrasi Kepemimpinan Dalam Organisasi Kecil Berlandaskan Pancasila

Democracy is a form of government in which all citizens have equal rights to make decisions that can change their lives. The word democracy comes from the term demokratia which means “rule of the people”, is a combination of two words, demos means people (people) and kratos. Means power or government. The purpose of this study, among others, is that researchers explore the events or objects under study, such as seeing how a leader leads. And in order to obtain information about the democratic leadership system of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution, it is still being applied. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method as a translation method. This method will describe the data that the authors have collected through interviews, namely by holding direct questions and answers with the two leaders or one of the heads of campus organizations regarding the implementation of leadership democracy in organizations based on Pancasila.

Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Demokrasi pada UKM Unit Kegiatan Kerohanian Islam Universitas Negeri Surabaya

This study aims to determine the implementation of democracy in the Student Activity Unit of the Islamic Spiritual Activity Unit, State University of Surabaya. In this organization not only examines the religion of Islam but also applies the values ​​of democracy applied in the Indonesian state. Democracy implies the meaning of power which is essentially the people who hold the highest mandate in democracy. The essence of democracy is of the people, by the people and for the people. Judging from the meaning of the word democracy, it is clear that the people play an important role. However, in practice it can be understood and implemented differently, even development is very uncontrolled. In the UKKI UNESA organization, it should be in line with the values ​​that exist in democracy and the creation of freedom and deliberation to reach consensus. The research method used is qualitative. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. Informants in this study were the general chairman, functionaries, and members. The conclusion of this study is that the implementation of democratic values ​​in the organization of the Islamic Spiritual Activity Unit is in line with the principles of Pancasila democratic values ​​which refers to Cipto's theory in journal (Aulawi, A., & Srinawati : 2019), although it is not perfect yet. The results of this study are expected to be useful and contribute to balancing thoughts on the application of democratic values ​​and can add to the treasures of thoughts for writers and readers in general regarding democratic values.
 Keyword: Democracy, Organization, Discussion

Pemasaran Politik Pasangan Bobby Nasution Dan Aulia Rachman Pada Pilkada Medan Tahun 2020

Democracy gives every citizen the right to be able to participate in the formulation, development, and law-making, either directly or through representatives. Democracy covers the social, economic, and cultural fields. This condition allows freedom and diversity in the practice of politics in a democratic system. The word democracy comes from the Greek “dēmokratía” which means “rule of the people,” which is formed from the words “dêmos” which means “the people” and “kratos” which means “power” or “power”. In a democratic system, there is an election mechanism known as elections (general elections), elections become a tradition or political culture in a democratic government system. A. Ubaidillah and Abdul Rozak in a book entitled Citizenship Education (Pancasila, Democracy, Human Rights, and Civil Society) explain that, Election is a system or implementation of Democracy to determine the change of position or government power, in which the people are involved in the process of electing leaders and deputy leaders in parliament, national leaders, and regional leaders. Elections are activities that involve citizens (the people) to choose leaders or representatives of the people in a democratic country. The principles in elections are direct, public, free, confidential, honest, fair and safe.

Experience Experimental Research Socially Significant Concepts in Modern Russian Language Consciousness (Concept DEMOCRACY)

An experimental research of the reception features of socially significant concepts in the linguistic consciousness of modern native speakers of the Russian language is described on the example of the concept DEMOCRACY. The results of a comparative analysis of the semantic content of this concept based on the materials of dictionaries and the results of a chain associative experiment are presented. It is shown that on the basis of lexicographic interpretations of the word democracy as a basic representative of the concept of the same name, eight significant cognitive features of the concept can be identified. The procedure for verifying the identified cognitive features through a chain experiment made it possible to detect significant conceptual and connotative-evaluative innovations in the semantic content of the DEMOCRACY concept in comparison with the results of the analysis of lexicographic sources. Reflexes of the negative-evaluative perception of this concept were found in the linguistic consciousness of the speakers of the modern Russian language, associated with ideas about the imaginary nature, the illusory nature of this concept for the Russian world, the manipulative nature of its discursive implementation, etc. It is concluded that the negative-evaluative reception of this concept in the modern Russian linguistic consciousness is associated with its inorganic nature, with psychological and cultural alienation in relation to the traditionally Russian models of linguistic conceptualization of the world.

Preserving the White Man's Republic: Jacksonian Democracy, Race, and the Transformation of American Conservatism

The word democracy appears in neither the Declaration of Independence nor the Constitution. Yet, by the time Andrew Jackson was elected president in 1828, the transition to political democracy in the United States was complete. Thereafter, as Alexis de Tocqueville made clear, democracy became the essential characteristic of America. At the same time, Tocqueville admitted that the significance and implications of a democratic polity were often harder to appreciate. In Preserving the White Man's Republic, Joshua Aaron Lynn identifies the rudiments of modern conservatism in the populist democracy of the Jacksonians and their immediate successors. According to Lynn's conception of the Jacksonians' democratic ideology, the full expression of individualism and the full exercise of citizenship rested on patriarchy and white supremacy. The subjugation of women and Black people assured equality among white men. Unlike, for example, the Progressives of the early twentieth century, the Jacksonians did not believe that democracy could be strengthened by its extension to political outcasts. Nature itself had denied them individual rights. Government in the name of the people thus came to mean government in the name of white men. “The people” may have been a political abstraction; white men, Lynn insists, were not. Amid the intensifying sectional crisis and mounting reform ferment of the 1840s and 1850s, “democrats no longer aspired to enlarge democracy,” but to reserve its privileges “exclusively for white men” (p. 3). It was, he concludes, an inherently conservative and, in the end, reactionary undertaking.

Direct democracy and its role in revision of constitution - comparative cases of Belgium, Switzerland and Germany - how history defines the declaration of the will of the people through direct democracy

Democracy is a relationship between rulers and the governed ones, the process of constitutional change itself is a relationship between rulers and the governed ones. Constitutional changes are or should be in the service of the constitutional order, in the service of democracy, in the service of the rule of law, in the service of the people. Under the word democracy, under the slogan for the people/with the people have been made constitutional changes that do not represent the people, that do not represent the values that a nation holds/grips, changes that are not legitimate, that represented hidden political interests.

ISLAM DAN DEMOKRASI

Democracy is a word that is very popular among the people, almost all levels of society know and understand the meaning of democracy well. Democracy is part of a political system and government which, according to Abraham Lincoln, is defined as government by the people, to the people and for the people. Democracy is one concept that comes from the West. Democracy was only included in the treasury of Islamic thought in the mid-19th century because it was considered to have good values ​​for life and not conflict with Islamic values. Therefore, they tried to find the equivalent of the word democracy in Islamic teachings, then the term shura was found. In the discourse and studies on the relationship between Islam and democracy, there are three opinions expressed by Islamic thinkers and figures about the relationship between Islam and democracy. First, there is no separation between Islam and democracy. Democracy is inherent or an integral part of Islam. Second, between Islam and democracy have conflicting relations. Third, in the relationship between Islam and democracy the third group does not accept it fully and does not reject it completely. This polemic of thought is then analyzed and studied further in accordance with the cultural context of Indonesian society.

Under Siege: The Rise of Right-Wing Populism or has the Demos Become Crazy?

Abstract The title of this paper is a play on words re-working the word democracy into demos-crazy. This re-working however is not a joke as the election of authoritarian illiberal candidates in the United States, the Philippines, Hungary, Turkey and Brazil (to name but a few) has called into question the future shape of politics. Electoral politics is under siege by new parties as well as spontaneous movements. There are fundamental questions which need to be addressed. What are the reasons for the rise of right-wing populism? Is populism undemocratic? What has been the role of social media and ICTs in helping to create a new political spectrum? Politically and socially what does it mean if we have entered a post-truth age? The demos has not become crazy but democracy is certainly in retreat. This paper argues that liberalism needs to construct an honest counter-narrative in contrast to the fear-mongering and false nostalgia of the right. The rhetoric of the right is opportunistic, but it would be a fatal mistaketo dismiss its appeals. After all, it has won elections. The demos is not crazy, but has been ignored and in many cases left behind. Positive populism is grounded in human dignity and fairness. This is the essence of democracy.

Comunicação visual, panfletagem política e marca de governo: índices para compreender o cisalhamento do povo brasileiro

No artigo, um argumento foi construído a partir dos significados da palavra povo, elencados por Agamben, e do significado da palavra democracia, segundo Jacques Rancière. Considera-se que o povo contém em si uma cisão inicial. Trabalha-se com a hipótese de que, nos acontecimentos compreendidos entre as manifestações pré-Copa das Confederações, entre 2013 e setembro de 2016, ocorreram processos graduais de convocação, agrupamento e cisão do povo brasileiro. A cisão inicial foi potencializada até culminar na divisão física da Esplanada dos Ministérios, durante a sessão de admissibilidade do impeachment de Dilma Rousseff, pela Câmera dos Deputados Federais. Faz-se a análise semiótica de peças gráficas, diagramas políticos veiculados na televisão, memes na internet, panfletagem dos postes no Eixo Rodoviário Sul em Brasília e, por fim, da marca do governo interino de Michel Temer. Ao final, acredita-se que foi possível demonstrar que as comunicações visuais indiciam um processo de cisão do povo.

Democracy as Othering Within Finnish Education

The word democracy is frequently uttered by academics, politicians, and, generally within society. Phrases such as ‘democratic education', ‘democracy education' and ‘(student) participation' are often referred to within national curricula, policy briefings, and, teacher education/training and resources. Little critical attention has been given to the word within the context of Finnish education. In recent years the educational system of Finland has been described as a ‘miracle' and commentators have noted its ‘successes.' This article offers a deeper gaze within Finnish education by looking at the ways democracy discourses are uttered by practitioners. For the purposes of this article the author analyses two in-depth conversation extracts, one was from a youth participation conference in Helsinki in 2015, the other is a conversation from a conference held in February 2016. This article focuses on the uses and functions of discourse to uncover cultural stereotyping and othering in terms of how democracy is discussed and expressed within the context of Finland.

DISCOURSES ON ISLAM AND DEMOCRACY IN INDONESIA: A Study on the Intellectual Debate between Liberal Islam Network (JIL) and Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI)

This article discusses the relationship between Islam and democracy according to Jaringan Islam Liberal (JIL; Liberal Islam Network) and Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). Using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), this article shows that according to JIL, Islam is compatible with modern democratic values. Democracy contains all modern governmental elements which are also found in Islam, such as consultation, consensus, justice, freedom, equality, and tolerance. Islam, in the view of JIL proponents, perfectly fits in line with modernity. Meanwhile, HTI argues that Islam is incompatible with democracy, because the word democracy comes from Western culture which means capitalist and secularist. Democracy is perceived by the HTI activists as a revolt against God’s sovereignty. These different views are influenced by their interpretation of Islamic values on the context of modern concept of democracy. In addition, this difference is also caused by the background of education, genealogy of knowledge, and condition of global politics.

JOURNALISM AND DEMOCRACY: THE ROLE OF JOURNALISM TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF DEMOCRACY IN INDONESIA

INTRODUCTION:What is Journalism?According to Robert Nile (cited from Robert Nile.com) journalism is defined as form of writing that tells people about things that really happened, but that they might not have known about already. He then describes that journalism is work of gathering, writing, editing, and publishing or disseminating news, as through newspapers and magazines or by radio and television. The key point of the definition is reporting event, making it known publically, using mass media.In line with the above definition (Adam, 1993), defines journalism as form of expression used to report and comment in the public media on events and ideas.The above definition implies printed in newspaper or broadcasted in television/radio program are journalists' understanding about events or social realities. This means journalists and or media have the opportunity of creating events or reality as they wish, leading to the creation of public's understanding about an issue or social reality. Event/issue itself has no value. Through framing strategy journalist is able to put value on it to encourage public interest. Journalism is the art of creating or constructing news.News is one kind of journalism product. According to Mirriam-Webster Dictionary: is information reported in newspaper, magazine, television program, etc. According to Kurt Loder news is anything that's interesting, that relates to what's happening in the world, what is happening in areas of the culture that would be of interest to your audience1}. So, the basic element of are interesting, factual, proximity, timely, and unsual.News is what reporters, editors and producers decide as (Calvert, 2008). News is therefore human product. Its advantage depends very much on who produce it.In this context, the choice is laying on journalists' or media's whish. They hold the authority to do for good or bad manner.The role and function of Journalism:According to (Pickard, 1989) there are four rhetorical tradition in journalism practices that are: information, sensationalism, feature story, and didactic approaches. The journalist's choice will affect the meaning received by the audience. Journalists amplify, arbitrate, and create their own rhetoric about an event. Journalists gain audience's attention and convey messages about political violence, for example, by providing platform and amplification system by which this can be accomplished. This is part of rhetorical amplifier that can be played by journalists.Journalism is priceless profession in democratic countries. Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States says a government without newspapers or newspapers without government, I should not hesitate moment to prefer the latter2). This is Thomas Jefferson appreciation to the role of journalism to build nation. Journalism is, as part of freedom of speech, an important key to the success of democratic nation.Mass media (journalism) play significant role as the most powerful agents of social reality construction. The pressure the media place on the way we perceive and conceive reality, on the way we think and act is tremendous (DeFleur, 1999, In (Enache, 2016). As change agent, media are able to shape portrayals of reality in ways that may in turn shape audience perception of media content (Enache, 2016); see also (Altheide, 1985); (Boorstin, 1971); (Ettema & Whitney(Eds), 1984); (Meyrowitz, 1985); (Nimmo & Combs, 1983); (Postman, 1985); (Rogers & Dearing, 1987)).Historically, the role of journalism develops according to the development of social and political awareness and involvement of public/community in the governmental policies, and government willingness to provide public sphere to the public.So far, I have used the word democracy for several times. What is then meant by democracy? Democracy is life form in which collective will is formed bottom up(need citation). …

A ruptura institucional de 1964 e o sentido da democracia

The meaning of the word democracy has always been in dispute in Brazil, as well as throughout the Western world. When the habit of saying that in 1945 Brazil was witnessing its 're-democratization' it was implicit that in precedence, perhaps before 1930, there had been a democratic Brazil. Here an attempt was made to confuse the liberal clothing of oligarchic domination with democracy, even to legitimize the persistence of oligarchic power, under the new conditions of the bourgeois revolution in progress, in the liberal-corporate institutionality that was implemented with the 1946 Constitution.

Análise tendencial do discurso de uma ONG

Starting from illuminist proposals about the relationship between citizenship and information, they analyze the communication and information practices of an NGO (Non Governmental Organization) in the Brazilian scenario from the 80's on, as a generator/transmitter of information, relating its arising within the reborn civilian society after the end of the dictatorship period. As an empirical field of study, selects IBASE (Brazilian Institute of Social and Economical Analysis) - mother of all Brazilian NGOs - that is analyzed through its main publication - the periodical "Políticas Governamentais" (from number 65 to 97) - from which they try to perceive a biased reading of the speech in quantitative~and qualitative terms, through the words used in the titles of the published topics, by means of bibliometric techniques and a quick summary of its authors, in terms of gender, academic background and institutional entailing. The conclusion, within the statistical parameters, showed the word democracy as the main set of ideas of IBASE. They also outline an attempt of analysis as far as the function of the periodical, as ii is said, targeting the formation of social movement leaderships and its roll as an alternative mean of communication to the official information and the media. The title of the periodical, starting from number 100 is DEMOCRACIA (Democracy), what validated the perception of statistical reading. Originally this research was developed as a Master's Information Science dissertation

De domesticatie van democratie in Nederland. Democratie als strijdbegrip van de negentiende eeuw tot 1945

The Domestication of Democracy in the Netherlands: The Concept of Democracy as a Political Weapon from the Nineteenth Century until 1945 Democracy as we know it is a contested combination of majority rule (as opposed to elite rule) and the rule of law (as opposed to dictatorship). This contribution charts the historical debate about the concept of democracy in the Netherlands. Until the 1880s the word democracy was scarcely used in the Dutch parliament and, if used, usually in the derogatory sense of mob rule. Parliamentarians could ignore it because no large democratic reform movement existed until the neo-Calvinist Abraham Kuyper and Socialists began to advocate democracy as the rule of the common people. They used arguments that today would count as populist. In 1917-1919 general suffrage was introduced. In the interwar period liberals and social democrats used ‘democracy’ to defend the values of parliamentary democracy against National Socialism. After the war a new consensus emerged – democracy was first and foremost the absence of dictatorship. Democracy was stripped of its populist side, it was ‘domesticated’. Today it has become clear that this domestication remains contested.

Possessive Individualism at 50:

<i>Possessive Individualism</i> at 50: