Visibility Of Women Research Articles

A Scholar, Poet and Critic

From the Archives: This interview was conducted during Shirley Geok-lin Lim’s visit to Flinders University in September 1994 and first published in the CRNLE (Centre for Research in the New Literatures in English) Reviews Journal in 1995. We are republishing it with Professor Lim’s permission, and with a postscript from Dr Nor Faridah Abdul Manaf to bring it up to date.
 1995 Introduction: I first started reading Professor Lim's work in her role as a well-known critic of Malaysia and Singapore Anglophone writings, although she was better known as a poet. My brief encounter with Professor Lim during her visit to the CRNLE in conjunction with CRNLE's International Conference in September 1994, was both delightful and inspirational. To me, Professor Lim represents the many invisible tough and strong women in Asia particularly in Malaysia. She has gone through many conflicts and contradictions in her search for identity as a woman.

La literatura de masas como artefacto cultural en la era postfeminista

El artículo analiza la visión de la mujer en novelas de gran éxito en el panorama nacional e internacional de los últimos años. Partiendo del método analítico del circuito de la cultura (Paul du Gay et al., 1997), exploramos los distintos agentes del proceso editorial, así como las tendencias literarias con más filón en la actualidad; deteniéndonos en el modelo de identidad femenina que reflejan las protagonistas de obras como Millennium (Stieg Larsson), Cincuenta sombras de Grey (E. L. James) o Crepúsculo (Stephenie Meyer). Nuestro principal objetivo es revisar las principales alternativas que se están aportando al respecto. Los resultados evidencian ciertos avances, sobre todo en la novela de fantasía; sin embargo, la creación de heroínas continúa estando supeditada al amor romántico.

Book Review: Invisible Women: Exposing data bias in a world designed for men

Book Review: Invisible Women: Exposing data bias in a world designed for men

Mujer en el cine peruano: entrevista a la directora Ana Caridad Sanchez

En febrero de 2019, iniciamos un ciclo de entrevistas con la directora Ana Caridad Sánchez sobre su trayectoria en el cine peruano, su primer largometraje Deliciosa fruta seca (2017) y también sobre la condición de la mujer en este campo profesional. La historia del cine peruano (cf. Bedoya, 2009; Carbone, 2007; Frías, 2013; Nuñez Gorriti, 1990; Barrow, 2015) muestra la escasa cantidad de mujeres que trabajaron en ese medio, sea como resultado de una presencia ostensiva de hombres en el quehacer cinematográfico o por la ausencia de nuevos registros bibliográficos sobre sus existencias, contribuciones y actuaciones (Rodrigues, 2018). Esta conversación con Ana Caridad Sanchez contribuye a la visibilización de las mujeres en el cine a partir de una visión decolonial (América Latina, Perú) y despatriarcal - por una historiografía del cine con mayor inclusión de mujeres.

Coeducación: Aproximación a una epistemología feminista en el aula

This text is a part of an investigation that I made in Ibague city (Colombia) about education based in gender perspective and feminism. In this education system a program with gender perspective available to schools doesn’t exist, therefore, speaking of coeducation implies taking into account that culture is permeated by sexist practices. This is based in religious, economic and other ideas, also by the epistemic and scientific bases of the education system. Therefore, the views expressed in this article have an appropiate context, in the sense that, in the social level, the implementation of programs with this perspective is necessary, and implies, on the other hand, proposing a new epistemology from feminism about topics in the curricula: fundamentally, the body, sexuality, cultural, ethnical and gender diversity, women visibility in science, economy, amongst others. In the educational system of Ibague, the word coeducation doesn’t exist, or any other that includes a gender perspective education. In this article perceptions from the theachers that are trying to build a gender perspective about education were collected, as well as analyze the main challenges to include this epistemic perspective in the educational system curricula. Likewise, is was possible to visualize the challenges that they have had to face, at a personal, family, work and social level to introduce this perspective.

Review of 'Discourses of Ageing in Fiction and Feminism: The Invisible Woman' by Jeanette King

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İSTİHDAMDA YER ALMAYAN KADININ KAMUSAL ALANDAKİ GÖRÜNMEZLİĞİ

İSTİHDAMDA YER ALMAYAN KADININ KAMUSAL ALANDAKİ GÖRÜNMEZLİĞİ

Critical Discourse Analysis of Gender Representations in EFL Textbooks

The present study investigates gender representation in EFL textbooks in Jordanian context using critical discourse analysis. The data were collected from the content of international ELT textbooks series, i.e. interchange 1A & 2B Student's Textbooks which were taught to undergraduate students at Al-Balqa Applied University. The study used Fairclough’s (1995) three-dimensional framework to analyze the data. Variables such as women’s and men’s social and domestic roles, visibility of women and men, women’s and men’s activities, women’s and men’s semantic roles, and pictorial representation were analyzed to unveil inequalities or power imbalance between males and females. The findings of the study revealed that the EFL text books were biased in favor of men in certain roles and activities. For example, men occupied the role of a ‘craftsman’, a ‘fitness trainer’ more than women. The study also found out that the text books showed some degree of equality between males and females in terms of pictorial representation, visibility and some activities and roles. The results also revealed that even though there existed some stereotypical roles and activities associated with men and women in these books, males and females were represented equally in terms of social status, power, and dominance. In other words, there was no sign of feminism and anti-feminism in the analyzed text books.

El mobbing entre congéneres en las instituciones educativas

El propósito de este documento es presentar mediante el análisis documental reflexiones sobre el acoso moral o mobbing en los entornos universitarios por mujeres hacia sus congéneres. El estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo surge de dos preguntas: ¿Qué las motiva a acosar moralmente a otra mujer? ¿El acoso de la mujer es similar al del varón? La respuesta es compleja debido a la escasez de fuentes e investigaciones centradas en la mujer acosadora moral, y a la falta de casos registrados en las instituciones educativas en donde los protocolos de denuncia están dirigidos exclusivamente al acoso sexual.
 El objetivo de la investigación se centra en exponer este fenómeno que se está incrementando debido a la invisibilidad de la mujer como acosadora producto del discurso actual, en donde generalmente es víctima de la violencia; sin embargo, cuando ejerce el rol contrario es aún más efectiva en paralizar y destruir de una forma sutil y silenciosa, disfrazándose en la amistad (Prieto, Carrillo y Castellanos, 2016).
 La investigación es documental de enfoque cualitativo. Utilizando la metodología de caso, se acompaña de un análisis hermenéutico, al igual que de la aplicación de la entrevista a informantes clave y de la observación directa como instrumentos de recopilación de datos. El método de interpretación fue la triangulación de datos, lo cual generó las reflexiones expuestas.
 Las conclusiones, por tanto, establecen nuevas líneas de investigación, ya que en los casos presentados el líder del acto está oculto y utiliza a la mujer como arma para el acoso y destrucción de sus congéneres, lo que sugiere el desarrollo de nuevos patrones de violencia con la finalidad de evadir la normatividad y los protocolos de detección. Asimismo, a partir del análisis de las fuentes se sugiere que, aunado a que es escasa, la poca investigación existente de agresiones alternativas se encuentra escondida en las publicaciones académicas, ya que la cultura machista ridiculiza la agresión de las mujeres como algo poco femenino, oculto y, a consideración de los investigadores, de poco valor.

Another Measure: Photography and Feminist Art in Italy

This article analyses from a historical perspective the relationships between art, photography, and feminism in the Italian cultural context of the 1970s, in order to shed light on a chapter of Italian historiography that has been explored only marginally. During this decade, photographic practice and feminist thought formed a close connection: many artists who were active in awareness-raising groups or embraced feminist theories chose photography as their expressive means both for its ability to grasp issues relating to subjectivity and the body, and as a tool to demystify the stereotypes linked to the gender difference widespread in Western visual culture. Photography became the privileged means adopted by these artists to criticize the symbolic order of the dominant language and its masculine inflection. In a historical moment in which women struggled to overturn the canons of patriarchal culture, photography, with its specific indexical nature and its relationship of adherence to external reality, also allowed these artists to construct a radical social criticism of the way images were used to portray femininity, to challenge the centuries-old invisibility of women’s experiences, and to deconstruct the mechanisms of fetishization and eroticization characterizing the representations of the female body.

Un episodio en la vida de la visionaria Juana de la Cruz: Sobre la autoridad espiritual femenina a comienzos del siglo XVI

Este artículo quiere dar a conocer un episodio que tuvo mucha importancia en la vida de la visionaria Juana de la Cruz, ya que aparece repetido en dos manuscritos: en su hagiografía y en el Libro de la casa de su comunidad. A partir de esta escena, donde Juana muestra su poder sobre la escultura de una Virgen al autorizarla como objeto de devoción, se abordarán las relaciones entre la mujer visionaria, su autorización espiritual, las imáge­nes, la doctrina de la Inmaculada y, finalmente, los grupos herejes. La primera versión del episodio es reproducida como apéndice del artículo.

(Re)visions of the Outre-mer: looking at the male gaze in Jacques Feyder’s Le Grand Jeu (1934)

ABSTRACT Cinéma colonial is regarded by certain scholars as a highly conventionalised and commercialised film practice that grants spectators a sense of control over the potentially threatening colonial Other, and Belgian director Jacques Feyder has been subject to particularly harsh criticism in this regard. This article argues that Feyder’s Le Grand Jeu (1934), which depicts a young legionnaire’s relationship with a cabaret singer who bears an uncanny resemblance to a previous lover who jilted him in Paris, challenges dominant tendencies in portrayals of gender and colonialism in French cinema of the 1930s. Drawing on the relationship between Laura Mulvey’s theorisation of the male gaze and E. Ann Kaplan’s understanding of the imperial gaze, this article considers two core aspects of Feyder’s film. First, it illustrates how narrative sequences structured around the male protagonist’s point of view simultaneously grant insight into his vision of women and critically distance the spectator from his manipulative relationship with Irma. Second, it demonstrates that the framing of the protagonist’s gaze is linked with broader questions regarding French white objectification of indigenous Algerian women in a fashion that reflexively exposes the ideological underpinnings of cinéma colonial and French colonial culture of the interwar period more broadly in ways that French cinema of the 1930s largely elided.

The gendering of defining moments: heroic narratives and pivotal points in footballing memories

ABSTRACTFootballing attachments are made through memories not least by being able to say ‘I was there’ or at least ‘I remember where Iwas when we won the World Cup or beat Leeds United 6–0 or when Pele/Cruyff/Kempes/ Maradonna/Bergkamp scored or when Messi set up the goal. You can fill in your own examples, some of which will be more personal and local, and others more global. These memories draw footballing communities together through virtual collective attachments in ‘imagined communities’. In football, heroes are mostly men: heroes with names we know. Where are women in these narratives and how are defining moments made and remade in light of the development of the women’s game? Can the increased visibility of women’s football, put new narratives into discourse and generate opportunities for redefining the pivotal points and great moments? Change is marginal and incremental, but it is happening.

Resilience and Equality in the Household of God: Peggy Mulambya Kabonde’s Search for Justice

The World Council of Churches (WCC) commemorated its 70th anniversary in 2018. Over the years, the WCC has engaged with issues that affect women in the Church and society. It has challenged patriarchy in Church structures; calling for justice, partnership in mission and the ordination of women. The WCC initiated a decade of Churches in solidarity with women (1988 to 1998) to promote the visibility of women in the Church. Using storytelling as a heuristic tool and in the spirit of the WCC’s decade of Churches in solidarity with women, the present paper documents the life and work of the Rev. Dr. Peggy Mulambya Kabonde of the United Church of Zambia (UCZ). Firstly, a brief narrative of her life and work is presented. Secondly, her work and experience in the Church is analyzed in order to engage with the issues affecting women in ordained ministry in Africa and other parts of the world. The paper concludes by proposing a model of ecclesiology that embraces inclusivity and the equality of men and women in the Church.

Book Review: Invisible women: Data bias in a world designed for men

Book Review: Invisible women: Data bias in a world designed for men

Book Review: Invisible Women: Exposing Data Bias in a World Designed for Men

Book Review: Invisible Women: Exposing Data Bias in a World Designed for Men

Gender and the national crisis of contested nationhood: news visibility of women in Nigeria’s unity debate

ABSTRACT Women representation in the media has attracted a lot of attention from scholars in different countries. Existing literature overwhelmingly focuses on media representation of women in the political sphere, with greater consideration for women who contested for or held political offices. At a time when the crisis of self-determination raging through many countries coincides with increasing women visibility in politics, this study examines the visibility of women in newspaper discourse of contested nationhood using the case of Nigeria. The current focus is important as women bear a great part of the brunt of crisis of contested nationhood. In content and critical discourse analyses of two-year straight news reportage of the debate over the negotiability of Nigeria’s unity in four newspapers, it was found that social actors from the establishment are more than twice as visible in the discourse as those from the civil society, with women from both sides excluded. It was concluded that the increased visibility, though marginal, that women are achieving in Nigerian politics does not result in them becoming visible in the country’s newspaper discourse of contested nationhood.

The Long Drive to Prison

The Long Drive to Prison

Why does Female Underrepresentation Persist in Nigerian Architecture?

This study aims at examining lingering issues concerning gender in the architectural profession, particularly on underrepresentation and visibility of women in various hierarchies of architectural practice. The findings from a pioneering field study of gender in Nigerian architecture were juxtaposed with literature analysis and summarised reviews of several leading published studies on gender in the profession to provide a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the stumbling blocks for women and the impact of diversity on the outlook of the profession at large. The study identified a trifecta relationship of age, the nature of work done and job satisfaction as impediments to the participation of women which require holistic, all-inclusive, workable solutions for the creation of professional environments made up of diverse perspectives and ideologies. The study recommends: 1) women speak up for what they need from the profession and find active ways to satisfy themselves; 2) equity, equality and diversity in decisions that affect professional growth; 3) willingness to balance families and free time in order to develop professional and personal relationships; and 4) formation of schemes and policies to foster inclusion based on the finding from this and other similar studies.

The Kitchen Sink Too

The Kitchen Sink Too: British Art 1945–1975 is a project led by Research Curator, Abi Shapiro at Museums Sheffield. The project undertakes research into Sheffield’s post-war visual art holdings to improve public access to the collection through a range of activities and events including the exhibition, “This Life is So Everyday”: The Home in British Art 1950–1980, on display at the Graves Gallery in Sheffield (30 March 2019–6 July 2019). In this Cover Collaboration, Abi Shapiro reflects on the invisibility of women’s perspectives of domesticity in early post-war art, and the process of working with community groups to develop research towards the exhibition’s theme of “home”.