Women Store Research Articles

여성 1인 사업장의 범죄예방시스템

이 연구는 여성 1인 사업장의 범죄예방시스템을 실증적으로 연구하기 위해 2022년 2월 3일부터 2022 년 5월 2일까지 3개월에 걸쳐 의정부 00지역에서 여성 1인이 운영하고 있는 사업장(식당, 꽃집, 헤어샵, 네일아트, 의류매장, 호프집, 카페, 노래방, 부동산 업종 각각 3개소) 중 27개를 대상으로 설문지와 인터 뷰 등을 통해 분석되었다. 여성 1인 사업장의 범죄예방은 자체적으로 노력을 하고 있으나 범죄로부터 자유롭지 못하여 원활한 사업장을 운영하기에는 제한사항이 있다. 범죄예방시스템은 범죄나 각종 위협 등으로부터 안전한 사업 장의 환경이 보장될 수 있도록 범죄예방시스템이 구축된 사업장을 선정하여야 하며, 범죄예방시스템이 아무리 잘 갖추어져 있더라도 체계적 관리와 운영이 미흡하다면 범죄를 최소화할 수 없다. 아울러 자구 적인 범죄예방도 강구되어야 하지만 형사사법기관의 획일화된 범죄예방정책은 안전한 사업장 환경을 보장이 확보되지 못하므로 실질적인 범죄예방서비스가 마련되어야 한다. 이 연구에서 도출된 문제점과 대책 등을 보완하고, 연구되어진다면 여성 1인 사업장의 범죄예방시스 템으로 범죄두려움은 최소화할 수 있으며, 차후 관련 연구에도 귀중한 데이터로도 활용될 것이다.

Sex-based differences in hepatic and skeletal muscle triglyceride storage and metabolism 1.

Women and men store lipid differently within the body with men storing more fat in the android region and women storing more fat in the gynoid region. Fat is predominately stored in adipose tissue as triacylglycerides (TG); however, TG are also stored in other tissues including the liver and skeletal muscle. Excess hepatic TG storage, defined as a TG concentration >5% of liver weight and known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is related to the metabolic syndrome. Similarly, elevated skeletal muscle TG, termed intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), are related to insulin resistance in obesity and type II diabetes. Men store more hepatic TG than women and, unsurprisingly, NAFLD is more prevalent in men than women. Women store more IMCL than men, yet type II diabetes risk is not greater, which is likely due to the manner in which women store TG within muscle. Sex-based differences in TG storage between men and women are underpinned by differences in messenger RNA expression, protein content, and enzyme activities of skeletal muscle and hepatic lipid metabolic pathways. Furthermore, women have a greater reliance on lipid during exercise because of upregulation of lipid oxidative pathways. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of sex in mediating lipid storage and metabolism within skeletal muscle and the liver at rest and during exercise and its relationship with metabolic disease.

Muscle and liver glycogen utilization during prolonged lift and carry exercise: male and female responses.

This study examined the use of carbohydrates by men and women during lift/carry exercise. Effects of menstrual cycle variation were examined in women. Twenty‐five subjects (15 M, 10 F) were studied; age 25 ± 2y M, 26 ± 3y F, weight 85 ± 3 kg* M, 63 ± 3 kg F, and height 181 ± 2 cm* M, 161 ± 2 cm F (* P < 0.0001). During exercise subjects squatted to floor level and lifted a 30 kg box, carried it 3 m, and placed it on a shelf 132 cm high 3X/min over a 3‐hour period (540 lifts) or until they could not continue. Males were studied in a single session, females were studied on separate occasions (during the luteal (L) and follicular (F) menstrual phases). The protocol was identical for both sexes and on both occasions in the female group. Glycogen utilization was tracked with natural abundance C‐13 NMR of quadriceps femoris and biceps brachialis muscles, and in the liver at rest and throughout the exercise period. Males completed more of the 180 min protocol than females [166 ± 9 min M, 112 ± 16 min* F (L), 88 ± 16 min** F (F) (*P = 0.0036, **P < 0.0001)]. Quadriceps glycogen depletion was similar between sexes and within females in L/F phases [4.7 ± 0.8 mmol/L‐h M, 4.5 ± 2.4 mmol/L‐h F (L), 10.3 ± 3.5 mmol/L‐h F (F)]. Biceps glycogen depletion was greater in females [2.7 ± 0.9 mmol/L‐h M, 10.3 ± 1.3 mmol/L‐h* F (L), 16.8 ± 4.8 mmol/L‐h** F (F) (* P = 0.0004, ** P = 0.0122)]. Resting glycogen levels were higher in females during the follicular phase (P = 0.0077). Liver glycogen depletion increased during exercise, but was not significant. We conclude that with non‐normalized lift/carry exercise: (1) Based on their smaller size, women are less capable of completing and work their upper body harder than men. (2) Women and men work their lower body at similar levels. (3) Women store more quadriceps carbohydrate during the follicular phase. (4) The liver is not significantly challenged by this protocol.

Unique outcomes of women and men who were abused.

To determine if individuals who have experienced extensive victimization throughout their lives tell stories about "unique outcomes." An examination of existing narrative data collected from 27 women and 17 men who had participated in one of several qualitative studies of sexual violence. Unique outcomes stories identified from the interview transcripts were categorized according to the type of experiences described, and the nature of men an women's stores were compared. Six types of unique outcomes stories were identified in the women's narratives (rebellion, breaking free, resurgence, refuge, determination, confidant) and three types in the men's narratives (reawakening, buddy and normal guy, champion). Unique outcomes stories are common in narratives otherwise focused on abuse. Common themes are apparent, and the nature of men's and women's stories differ markedly.