Involvement Of Women In Politics Research Articles

Women's Political Participation in South Waziristan: A Community-Based Survey

This study investigates the impact of political reforms on women's political participation in South Waziristan, Pakistan. The sample consisted of 100 females aged 18 to 45 from the region. The survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, and the Statistical Package (SPSS) was used for the data analysis. The results show a comprehensive knowledge of the current state of political awareness and participation among women in the region, particularly in the context of the 18th Amendment. The study outcome showed significant knowledge about the Amendment's results, which shows a limited impact on women. The majority of respondents (64%) suggested that education initiatives should be implemented to facilitate greater involvement of women in politics. The study focuses on the fact that despite political reforms such as the 18th Amendment, women's political participation in South Waziristan remains limited. This study targeted educational initiatives and community-based efforts to improve political awareness and involvement among women in the region.

FROM MARGINS TO MAINSTREAM: EVALUATING WOMEN'S ROLE IN GOVERNANCE

This study explores the impact of women's empowerment on their participation in governance, examining the multifaceted barriers that hinder political engagement. Through qualitative methods, including case studies and focus group discussions, the research captures the experiences of women who have navigated these challenges. The findings reveal that cultural norms, economic limitations, and institutional inadequacies significantly affect women's political involvement. Empowerment initiatives, such as educational programs and supportive networks, were found to enhance women's confidence and motivation to participate in governance. The study emphasizes the need for targeted public policies, including gender quotas and mentorship programs, to create an inclusive political environment. Ultimately, the research highlights that fostering women's empowerment is crucial for ensuring diverse representation and improving the effectiveness of governance, contributing to more equitable decision-making processes in society.

From global trends to local realities: understanding women's political involvement for Indonesia's democratic progress

The urgency of this research lies in the need to understand the trends, contributions, and dynamics of women's political participation globally. This article aims to map studies that focus on women's political participation. Research methods include bibliometric analysis with data sources from the Scopus database. The study's findings reflect significant growth in women's political participation research, especially in recent years, with distribution varying by country and research theme. The research findings also show that although there are themes that have received attention, there are still areas that need to be explored further, such as intersectionality, gender equality, gender, and the impact of social media that provide insight into the complexity of women's political participation issues. This study recommends the need for increased research and local understanding of the factors influencing women's political participation in Indonesia to strengthen women's role in politics by learning from other countries that have successfully implemented inclusive policies. In addition, by involving various parties, including the government, research institutions, and civil society, Indonesia can create an environment that supports, empowers, and encourages women's political participation optimally. The implications of these findings not only help shape academic discourse, but also lay the foundation for concrete efforts to achieve gender equality and women's empowerment in the wider political sphere.

Women in politics: examining their impact on policy development — A comprehensive review

The representation of women in political offices has expanded in every country over the last few decades. Commencing with a historical overview, this review underscores the persistent obstacles and cultural constraints that have hindered women's political engagement. The primary focus is on identifying and dissecting impediments such as ingrained gender prejudices, unequal access to education, and sociocultural constraints. This comprehensive examination explores the crucial role of women in politics and their profound impact on policy formulation. Global attention has increased on gender equity and women's political representation, emphasizing the importance of understanding how women's participation in political decision-making processes influences policy outcomes. The involvement of women in politics, particularly in poorer countries where health and education are priority sectors, has led to improvements in the delivery of public services. The review delves into the political empowerment of women, highlighting the positive social change and role modeling that women in politics can provide in their local areas. Recent studies suggest that the makeup of public expenditure may not necessarily reflect the impact of female representation on legislative debates and specific policy decisions. Female participation has enhanced institutional quality by reducing corruption and yielding benefits for those in positions of responsibility. The review advocates for greater gender diversity in political decision-making by examining obstacles, proposing solutions, and emphasizing the ongoing need for research and advocacy to support and promote the invaluable contributions of women to global policy development.

Examining Political Representation of Women in Pakistan through Liberal Feminist Perspective: A Case Study of 2024 General Elections

Despite comprising half of Pakistan's population, women face significant hurdles in political engagement due to entrenched gender inequality and patriarchal structures. Despite measures like quotas, genuine participation remains limited. Liberal feminist theory advocates for addressing the root causes of gender disparity, advocating for gender-inclusive politics by removing institutional barriers. This paper examines structural impediments to women's political involvement in Pakistan, using a liberal feminist lens. It illuminates systemic challenges hindering gender parity in politics, evident in the 2024 general election despite reserved seats in parliament. Cultural norms, social constraints, and violence perpetuate gender inequalities, impeding women's active participation in political processes. This analysis underscores the persistent gender gap in political representation, urging comprehensive reforms to dismantle barriers obstructing women's full engagement in politics.

Balochistan Women in Politics: An Examination of Political Participation and its Effects on Women Empowerment in Balochistan, Pakistan

This research paper investigates women's political participation and its impact on women's political empowerment in Balochistan, Pakistan. With women constituting half of the population, their role in various domains, including political development, is crucial. The study focuses on women political workers from eight political parties, namely ANP, BNP-Mengal, NP, HDP, PkMAP, PML-N, PPPP, and PTI, operating in Balochistan. A sample of 400 respondents was selected from these parties to gather insights into women's political participation and empowerment in the region. The findings reveal a positive trend of increasing women's political participation and empowerment in Balochistan. Moreover, the study emphasizes encouraging women to contribute and play significant roles in society actively. This research sheds light on women's political involvement in Balochistan and highlights the potential for further progress in empowering women through political engagement.

Understanding Women's Political Motivations in KP: Unveiling the Driving Forces

This study examines the reasons why women get involved in politics, concentrating on the National Assembly and provincial assembly members of Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa region. The relevance of family connections, which facilitate women's entry into politics, is revealed via thematic analysis of interview data. Important motivators include persistence, character traits, inspirational leaders, alluring party platforms, and a need for accountability. Women can participate in politics if they are financially independent and have free time. The study expands on earlier research by illuminating the intricate interplay of institutional, cultural, and individual factors influencing women's political involvement. It places a focus on the necessity of addressing gender-related barriers and encouraging educational reforms to provide women with more leadership abilities. For societal change and democratic governance, political decision-making needs to be more gender diverse. The results provide useful information for political parties and authorities looking to create a welcoming environment for women in politics.

Reflection & Projection Women's "Special Treatment" in the 2024 Election Regulations: Study of PKPU 10/2023

Purpose - During the 2024 election, the KPU issued PKPU 10/2023, which regulates candidacy. PKPU 10/2023 contains changes to a new method for calculating decimals for calculating women's quotas in electoral districts. The question arises: Does PKPU 10/2023 contain the spirit of special treatment in the interests of women? For this purpose, this study was carried out by departing from three aspects: (i) The historicity of the dynamics of "special treatment" in the 1945 Constitution.Methodology – Also considered in this section are the circumstances and conditions that served as the background for including special treatment provisions in the constitution, along with the dynamics surrounding them. (ii) Precedents in Constitutional Court Decisions which provide rules for the meaning of special treatment. (iii) The role of the KPU as a regulator in formulating its regulations, namely the attribution of authority possessed by the KPU to translate the spirit of the constitution towards special treatment. Finally, (iv) the substance of the PKPU 10/2023 norm itself is reviewed for conformity with the norms.Findings - In succession, the following were found: First, from a historical perspective, the special treatment of women's political quotas shows a tendency for constitutional interpretations to open space for women's political involvement. Second, the KPU as the regulator has a strategic role in interpreting the constitutional spirit, including special treatment for women. Third, regarding substance, the content of norms contained in PKPU 10/2023 is different from Law 7/2017 and the 1945 Constitution.Implication - From these three aspects, this study concludes that PKPU 10/2023 shows a discrepancy in the spirit of special treatment in capturing the interests of women's political representation. There should be changes to PKPU 10/2023 norms while maintaining the special treatment provisions for women as contained in PKPU 20/2018.

Involvement of Women in Politics and Their Empowerment: A Sociological Study in Madaripur District, Bangladesh

Like all over the world in Bangladesh especially in Madaripur Sadar, women have been involving in politics with the passage of democratic revolution. They have participated in politics for their empowerment in political and other sectors. The purpose of the study was to investigate the actual empowerment of the women who were involved in politics either elected on non-elected, by identifying their decision making and controlling power over political party and family. 120 respondents up to 18 years old were selected as sample from the study area following cluster and purposive sampling procedure. This study has been conducted by both qualitative and quantitative data. Although there were some limitations of the researcher like limited time and resources, limited access to resources, limited information and so on, it has been found valuable result. Such as many women have been involving in politics in recent years but they have not been empowered actually. Because, they depend on male persons of the party and are controlled by senior male leaders. Most of the women are elected in their areas in different elections with the help of the popularity of their father or husband. They have participated in the election for the reserved seats. Sometimes, they are known to the general people by the name of their father or husband. Even though they are political leaders, they have no control over the family members. But almost all of them said that political participation has empowered them although a large portion of the respondents said the difficulties of doing politics besides male.

The Influence of Patriarchal Culture, Motivation and Image on Women's Political Participation in the Regional Representatives Council of North Sulawesi Province

The General Election Commissions Regulation No. 7 of 2013 states that in submitting a list of candidates for political parties, women must include at least 30% of each electoral district. This is intended to minimize the dominance of men in political power, especially in the Legislature. This is due to the fact that the condition of women in politics is still considered marginalized when compared to the position of men. This is because the system of culture, education, economic level and others are still in favor of men. So that the position of women is disadvantaged in the political arena. Therefore, the involvement of women in politics will become an Affirmative Action which requires that women need to be involved in political activities, both at the political party level and at the government level. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence between Motivation, Patriarchal Culture and Image on the Level of Women's Political Participation, especially in the Legislature of North Sulawesi Province. This study uses a quantitative research method based on positivistic (concrete data). The research data is in the form of numbers that will be measured using statistics as a calculation test tool. Data analysis used SPSS 26. The results of the study proved that patriarchal culture had a significant effect on women's political participation, motivation had a significant effect on women's political participation, imagery had a significant effect on women's political participation, patriarchal motivation and Imaging together has significantly influenced women's political participation.

The North Kalimantan Aisyiyah’s Contribution to Empowering Women for the Fulfilment of Political Rights

The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of the Regional Leader of North Kalimantan Aisyiyah in contributing to the fulfillment of political rights through women's empowerment. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method with a narrative approach. This study focuses on the contribution of North Kalimantan Aisyiyah Regional Leaders in Empowering women to fulfill their political rights. Data analysis involved data collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study indicatedthat the contribution of the Regional Leader of North Kalimantan Aisyiyah led to effective and responsive steps towards women's empowerment. Aisyiyah, a large organization, offers various programs of social activities including the involvement of women in politics, among them are political education activities. Although 'Aisyiyah is not a political party, it strongly supports its members who want to enter politics. The supporting factor is that government policies are not gender-biased. The women's empowerment programs to fulfill their political rights were good, but the public response to political awareness was low. It was a challenge to deal with.

Can Women in Malaysian be a Changemakers? Political Involvement and Decision-making

The National Women Policy aims to prepare a conducive environment for women that are more women-friendly to elevate their status in all aspects including politics. However, despite the statement, women are still lacking behind in the political sector in Malaysia. Indeed, the Malaysian women have been shown to outperform men in the academic and even professional job market. Despite the supposed superiority of Malaysian women's intellectual abilities, the number of women who are allowed to participate in nation building is abysmally low. Malaysian women are absent from many leadership positions, the economic market, politics, and/or decision-making. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to examine the challenges women face in terms of political participation and decision-making. The data were randomly distributed to the public to obtain an unbiased result from the community in Malaysia. Approximately 200 respondents were contacted through WhatsApp, email, and other platforms, yielding a response rate of 58% (116 respondents). The data were analyzed using SPSS to achieve the objectives. Thus, descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the variables of the study. The results suggest that demographic characteristics such as education level and monthly income are important components that significantly influence women’s political involvement and decision-making. In detail, there is a significant correlation at the 0.05 levels between political engagement and respondents' level of education (0.214*) as well as decision-making and respondents' education level (0.188*). This results proof how respondents’ background influences their political engagement and decision-making. Moreover, decision-making is significantly related to political involvement, women who are able to make a decision have more power to participate in politics than women who are unable to do so. This study can provide insight into the landscape of women's participation in politics and decision-making and ways to support them; educating them can improve their political involvement and decision-making. Therefore, this study has value to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all including women, that in return will improve gender equality, women political involvement, and decision-making.

Minangkabau Women’s Politics Participation in the Tradition of Khatm Quran

This study concerns on the women of Minangkabau in politics system that is egalitarian and has a central position within the society with the focus on the involvement of women in politics in the process and activities of Khatm Quran tradition which is a part of the local society’s responsibility. Generally, there is a representation of women in politics and local position within the local society. There is a causal relationship between women’s egalitarian characteristics and their positions in politics in daily life. In fact, egalitarian characteristics have a significant effect on the decision making process and in the process and activities of Khatm Quran tradition.

Persepsi KPU Terhadap Caleg Perempuan

This thesis is entitled the perception of the general election commission on the representation of women in the list of legislative candidates for the 2014-2019 period in the Mandailing Natal district (study of law number 7 of 2017 article 1 regarding elections. The general election commission has issued pkpu number 20 of 2018 regarding nominations for members of the DPR, the provincial dprd and district or city dprd and have been ratified by the ministry of law and human rights. But the birth of this pkpu did not go smoothly, especially regarding ex-corruptors not being allowed to nominate as members of the legislature. The involvement of women in politics from time to time continues to increase, one of the indicators is an increasing trend of women in the legislature, especially since the 1999 election until the 2009 election. However, in the 2014 election, women's representation has decreased and in law number 7 of 2017 concerning elections, it is necessary to have at least 30% of women's representation in the list of candidates to be legally registered. As a legislative candidate. This research is a type of qualitative research that emphasizes the analysis more on the inductive deductive inference process and on the analysis of the dynamics of the relationship between observed phenomena, using scientific logic. Qualitative research emphasizes efforts to answer research questions through a formal, argumentative way of thinking. This type of research is in the form of a field study. In this study the researcher found the results that the perception of the general election commission that the 30% quota of women's representation in legislative members in Mandailing Natal had not been fully implemented because of the individual factors of each woman and the lack of public trust in women due to negative views about gender

Patriarchy Canonization: Comparing Women's Political Participation in Matrilineal and Patrilineal Orders in Sumatra, Indonesia.

The purpose of this study is to describe a recent comparison of women's political participation based on empirical evidence on the matrilineal and patrilineal orders in West and North Sumatra, respectively. This study was motivated by the low involvement of women in politics in the 2014 and 2019 general elections. The study offers specific insights into kinship order as political allegiance. This is a qualitative research carried out using a pragmatic methodological approach with academic discussions directed at the relationship between kinship and political participation. The results showed that the canonization of Islamic patriarchy in the matrilineal order impacts involution and exclusive women in the domestic arena. Meanwhile, the canonization of Christian patriarchy in the patrilineal order impacts devolution and inclusive women in politics. Therefore, based on this empirical evidence, it is concluded that the kinship system is not a relevant political allegiance.

Analysis of Women’s Representation in Politics And Human Rights Based on Islamic Gender Equality Perspective

This article aims to explain the legal guarantees regarding women's involvement in politics. The involvement of women in politics is very important to voice women’s rights and concerns and to find some efforts that can realize gender equality, especially in the political field. By applying the normative approach method or library research, the writer will analyze the women’s representation in politics and human rights based on islamic gender equality perspective. This research finds that there is a law allowing women’s position in politics, but it has not been optimally applied. In addition, the writer also finds that there is discrimination experienced by women that has impacts on human rights injustice.

MUSLIM WOMEN AND THE NIGERIAN PARTY POLITICS

Women’s participation in party politics in Nigeria has been largely marginal. This has led to the clamour for more involvement of women in political decisions and increased presence in political sphere. The objective of this paper is to examine the participation of Muslim women in the Nigerian party politics. Muslim women have made significant contributions in Nigerian society through their efforts in educational, economic, health, and humanitarian services i.e. playing a social responsibility role. Descriptive and analytical methods were adopted for this purpose. The study revealed that the involvement of Muslim women in party politics in Nigeria was impeded by cultural and religious bottlenecks and not lack of participation. It concluded that emphasis should be placed on the complementarity roles between men and women in order to suppress the intolerance often encounter by Muslim women in Nigeria party politics. Hence, there is a need for the existing political parties and most especially the ruling party to take advantage of the complementary differences in order to create balance in political decision-making.

WOMEN’S PARTICIPATION IN POLITICS AND DECISION-MAKING PROCESS OF PAKISTAN: CHALLENGES AND BARRIERS

Objectives: This study seeks to examine the specific challenges and barriers related to women's participation in politics and decision-making within the context of Pakistan.
 Methodology: This study deploys literature review and historical analysis to understand the context and causes of women's underrepresentation. Furthermore, sociocultural analysis is used to assess the societal norms and cultural factors affecting women's participation in politics. Institutional analysis is used to evaluate the structural barriers and policies that hinder women's political involvement.
 Findings: The outcomes of this study indicates that women in Pakistan face persistent obstacles to active participation in politics as well as these obstacles stem from historical, sociocultural, and institutional factors. Furthermore, the underrepresentation of women in political positions has adverse effects on Pakistan's democratic framework, including limited diversity and inclusivity. The study identifies the need for comprehensive measures to remove these barriers and promote a more equal and representative political landscape in Pakistan.
 Applications of the study: Policymakers can use the findings to develop strategies and policies aimed at promoting women's political participation in Pakistan. In addition, civil society organizations can leverage the study's insights to advocate for gender-inclusive political reforms. Educational institutions can incorporate this research into their curriculum to raise awareness about gender disparities in politics. Furthermore, international organizations can support initiatives that address gender inequality in Pakistani politics based on the study's recommendations.
 Novelty/Originality of the study: The novelty of this study lies in its comprehensive examination of the obstacles hindering women's participation in politics in Pakistan, encompassing historical, sociocultural, and institutional aspects. Additionally, it emphasizes the practical implications of women's underrepresentation on the democratic framework of the country. This holistic approach provides a unique perspective on the issue and offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to address gender disparities in politics.

‘Ulama’s Perceptions of Women Involvement in Politics in South Aceh

<p>This research aims to reveal how women are involved in politics in South Aceh, factors influencing Ulama’s opinions about the women involvement in politics, and also their perceptions about the involvement. Method used in this research was qualitative (field research), through interviews and observations, then literature research (library research). Dataobtained in the field were interpreted through descriptive analysis. The results show several things. Firstly, the women involvement in South Aceh politic had developed, such as serving as a member of Parliament, candidates, secretary, and chief of the committee. Secondly, ulama’s perceptions about the involvement of women in politics are that some Ulama allow women participated in politics. Nevertheless, women must maintain their identity as a Muslim. On the other hand, some ulama reject women involvement in politics because many obstacles would be faced by women who are less firm in the leadership and decision making. Thirdly, a fewfactors that cause the differences in ulama’s perception of women’s involvement in South Aceh politics are due to differentinterpretations of al-Qur’an verses and hadith. Other reasons are that some Ulamado not know about politics, and some are related to their educational level and their knowledge.</p>

Introduction to Women's Political Involvement in the 100 Years since the Nineteenth Amendment

August 19, 2020, marks the centennial of ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment, which guaranteed that the right to vote could not be denied on the basis of sex. The Nineteenth Amendment did not radically transform women’s political activism; rather, it was aproductof women’s political activism. Women won the franchise in a 72-year battle fought at both the state and national levels. By the time the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified, women had been voting for almost 50 years in localities where they already had secured the right to vote.1The 100th anniversary is an opportune time to reflect on women’s continued involvement in politics.