Women In World Research Articles

What Roles Do Women Have in the Political Worlds in Hamlet and Macbeth?

The purpose of this paper is to explore the important role of female characters in the political world in William Shakespeare’s tragedies Hamlet and Macbeth. By analyzing Queen Gertrude, Ophelia, Lady Macbeth, and the three witches, the paper reveals the influence of women in the political realm and the limitations they face. Centering on Hamlet, the essay begins by analysing Gertrude’s influence on the Danish political landscape and Ophelia’s dilemma in the struggle for male power. The article then turns to Macbeth to explore how Lady Macbeth’s ambitions for power and the witches’ supernatural abilities influence Macbeth’s political decisions. The article points out that despite their political potential and influence, these female characters remain constrained by patriarchy and are often seen as tools in the male power struggle. Finally, the essay summarises the common themes and differences between the female characters in Hamlet and Macbeth, and reflects on the place of women in the political world and the challenges they face. Through an in-depth analysis of female characters in Shakespeare’s works, this thesis aims to deepen the understanding of women’s experiences in political struggles, as well as their efforts to attain power and self-actualization in a patriarchal society.

Negotiating caste, gendered and colonial subjectivities in the neoliberal academy

This paper highlights how researchers are subjugated through hegemonic academic norms and how they simultaneously recognize the privileges attached to their subject positions. I illustrate difficulties in negotiating my privileges, particularly of caste, and my experiences of marginalisation as a ‘third world woman’ in the European academy. Such competitive insecurity is illustrative of both neoliberal logics of enterprise and responsibility as well as caste-based logics of merit and deservingness. Academia as a field of knowledge production historically consolidates power in the hands of a shrinking set of elites. Attitudes of competition and uncertainty produce subjects that turn to selfinterested modes of acquiring and analysing data, thereby producing hegemonic knowledges, which ignores the situatedness and politics of the research context. Caste is addressed together with gender, coloniality, ability, sexuality and ethnicity (among other subjectivities) as an intersectional co-producer of exclusion. Invoking caste-based imperialist logics is essential for unpacking the privileged subjectivities that produce elitism and exclusion in academia and in knowledge production.

Sporting mega-events, physical activity, and Actor Network Theory: Mapping actants of movement at the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup

This article explores the potential of Bruno Latour's Actor Network Theory (ANT) for rethinking the relationship between sporting mega-events and physical activity (PA). Engaging with ANT as theory and methodology, we explore how PA is a result of human–nonhuman interactions occurring during and around sporting events. More specifically, based upon a collaborative ethnography of the 2023 FIFA (Fédération Internationale de Football Association) Women's World Cup (FWWC23), we focus on humans and nonhumans (football, physical spaces, and seats) as actants (intermediaries and mediators) that enabled and/or constrained PA. In so doing, we provide an alternative to PA initiatives (such as the collaboration between FIFA and the World Health Organization with the BeActive #BringtheMoves campaign at the FWWC23) that focus on human intentionality and view the body as controllable. Instead, in this article we recognize PA as a complex phenomenon dis/re/assembling as objects, humans, and actants interact in (un)expected ways. Simultaneously, we discuss both the affordances and challenges offered by ANT in sporting mega-event literature and for research and policies that link sporting events and PA.

Reclaiming & reasserting Third World womanhoods in U.S. higher education

AbstractThis study combines narrative inquiry with Third World feminism to bring a nuanced and scopic perspective of Third World women student experiences in US higher education. Specifically, it utilises Talpade Mohanty's concept of Third World womanhood to visibilise the experiences of five Third World international female students. Understanding womanhood as transnationally fluid and contextual, I investigate how women international students from the Third World perceive themselves to be misrepresented or homogenised in Western higher education. I also examine how gender and foreignness act as dynamic, interrelated categories in doubly‐othering this population. The purpose is to identify how Third World women students enact agency and contest reductive stereotypes. Findings reveal that Third World women students confront a range of exclusions in the US university, including being typecast as poor, needy, and civilisationally lacking, which predicates the (over‐) representation of Third World women as constrained and backward. Third World feminism emerges as a powerful intervention to unsettle colonial and oriental discourses in education and empower minoritised women to determinate selfhood.

A Study on Challenges of Women Entrepreneurs in the State of West Bengal

Women entrepreneurship has acquired encouragement in last three decades and there is rise in number of women enterprises and contribution of women towards economic growth. In this dynamic world women entrepreneurs play an important role in economic and social progress. Women entrepreneurial ability has not been made use of due to lower status of women in the society. Now there is need of changing mindset towards women so as to give equal rights to them as endowed in the Constitution. Women empowerment is very necessary for overall development of any nation. On the contrary, if women are empowered, their efficiency towards decision making will definitely influence the behaviour of a family. Nowadays, participation of women has gained importance. Today women play a very important role and are more developed in fulfilling their economic needs and attaining social status. This study seeks to analyse and identify the major constraints women entrepreneurs were facing and also find out financial status of women entrepreneurs in start-ups and sustain in business. This study has been conducted on 200 sample respondents in the five districts 1. Kolkata. 2. Howrah. 3. South 24 Parganas. 4. North 24 Parganas 5. Hooghly in the state of West Bengal. This paper highlights the profile and major constraints women entrepreneur were facing in start-up and to sustain in business.

The Effect of Compassion-Based Therapy on Women's Mental Health After Divorce

Introduction: Conflicts in emotional relationships and the experience of divorce are among the most important psychological and social challenges faced by women in today's world. This study examines the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy on women's mental health after divorce. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effect of compassion-based therapy on life orientation, social acceptance and emotional adjustment in divorced women. Research method: This research is analytical-descriptive and interventional-effective. The statistical population included women referring to counselling centres in the southwest of Tehran province, who were selected using the purposeful sampling method. The sample included 36 women who were randomly divided into two control and experimental groups. The instruments used included Scheir and Carver's life orientation questionnaires, Marlowe-Crown social acceptance and Bell's emotional adjustment. Data analysis was done using the covariance method and SPSS software. Findings: The results showed that compassion-based therapy could significantly improve life orientation (p<0.05), social acceptance (p<0.05) and emotional adjustment (p<0.05) of divorced women. Compassion-based therapy explained 12.7% of the variance in life orientation scores, 8.5% of the variance in social acceptance scores, and 12.4% of the variance in emotional adjustment scores. Conclusion: The findings show that compassion-based therapy can be used as an effective intervention method to improve women's mental health after divorce. By increasing self-compassion and strengthening the calming system, this treatment helps women cope better with their unpleasant experiences and improve their quality of life.

Knowledge, attitude, and behaviour around concussion at the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023: part 1 - medical staff.

The objective of this observational cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of medical staff participating in the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 regarding the assessment and management of concussion in football. Medical staff from 32 teams qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 were invited to answer an online survey. Results were analysed descriptively. 47 participants completed the survey. Concussion knowledge: 98% were aware of concussion protocol(s). Most concussive signs or symptoms were recognised, though only 36% of participants (n = 17) correctly reported potential symptom onset time. Knowledge on assessment and return to play elements varied. Attitude: 77% (n = 36) reported being very confident or confident in recognizing a suspected concussion. When assessing a suspected concussion on the pitch, 55% (n = 26) reported to have felt pressured by the player sometimes, very often or always, and 47% (n = 22) by the coaching staff. Behaviour: Among doctors, 70% reported their national team performs baseline concussion assessments. Reported use of on-field assessment elements suggested in concussion guidelines varied between 5% and 95%. In conclusion, most medical staff participating in the FIFA Women's World Cup 2023 were generally knowledgeable about concussion, reported on-pitch and return to play attitudes and behaviours aligning with evidence-based standards for safeguarding players' health. However, gaps were observed in all three domains, compared to guidelines. Expanding education to players and coaching staff is suggested to facilitate the delivery of evidence-based best practice.

Women in the Labor Force in the Arab World

Abstract Female participation in economic development is crucial for female empowerment. It further indicates the maturity and level of emancipation of a society. The labor market is a very significant indicator of this phenomenon. The Arab labor market has its unique features. This paper aims to study the prevailing trends in the Arab labor market. The paper has included in its scope women’s unemployment both for educated and uneducated women in the Arab world. It also brings into its ambit aspects of supply and demand. It discusses the various constraints in this context. The paper is able to locate various factors responsible for the present state of female labor participation in the Arab world.

Investigation of the Effect of Technical and Physical Performance on Success in Elite Level Women's Soccer

The aim of this study is to reveal the differences in the technical, physical and tactical performances of the countries participating in the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup and their impact and relationship on the success of the tournament. 14 technical-tactical and 2 physical performances, 16 parameters in total were evaluated. As a result of the analyses, statistically significant differences were found between the number of goals scored, the number of goals conceded, the number of shots on goal, the number of possession in the final third and the number of corners used by the countries that reached the last 16 and the countries that failed to advance to the next round. At the end of the quarter-final matches, no statistically significant difference was found between the performances of the countries that advanced to the semi-finals and the countries that were eliminated. There is a moderate to high positive correlation between the percentage of possession, total and accurate number and percentage of passes, attempts at goal, attempts at goal on target, completed line breaks and interceptions in the final third and total number of goals for the countries that won the competition in the tournament. As a result, it can be said that physical performances are similar in elite level women's soccer, but teams that have more possession of the ball and are willing to take advantage of opportunities to score goals can make a difference.

The specifics of women’s management style

The article reveals the issue of the specificity of women’s management style in modern society. The barriers to the development of women’s leadership are considered, and the advantages of women’s management are described. The results of the conducted research on the specifics of women’s management style are presented. On its basis the authors define the prospects for the development of women’s management style and changes in the role of women in the modern world.

The World of Women's Despair: An Unfolding Unitary Conceptual Journey.

In looking back over 3 decades since the development of his interest in developing a unitary conceptualization of despair, nurse scholar W. Richard Cowling, III, had new insights and revelations. The purpose of this dialogue article is to re-envision this journey as one of unfolding, seen with the gift of new eyes. Revisiting this journey allowed him to understand and appreciate it anew. Horizons of possibilities of this conceptual journey are explained in terms of conceptual-theoretical development, inquiry, and the advancement of discipline-specific knowledge, and improving the lives of women in despair. It is his sincere hope, as with all meaningful scholarly endeavors, that a wider discourse occurs with the persistent inclusion of women's voices and experiences.

IMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS ON EMPOWERMENT OF RURAL WOMEN IN JIJEL

This research document aims to highlight the role of rural development programs approved by the State in order to restore development to the rural world and to empower rural women through various programs and policies which enabled them to exercise their development role, despite the great challenges they encounter. The rural renewal policy has changed the lives of rural women, since thanks to the support funds allocated by the State, which make it possible to encourage rural women to develop and create private investment projects in various fields, traditional industries, agricultural and other industries. The role of rural Algerian women in this support has become apparent. In order to integrate women in the rural world, the State has set up local rural development projects with the objective of developing and improving the standard of living of the rural world. And develop women in particular. These projects have contributed to developing the work of women in agricultural and artisanal activities. We have noticed that rural women can support themselves and their communities and help build thriving rural economies if they have the opportunity to produce.

From field to feed: Norwegian Football Players’ usage and self-presentation on Instagram throughout the UEFA Women's EURO 2022 Championship

The UEFA Women's EURO 2022 and the FIFA 2023 Women's World Cup set new attendance records, thereby reflecting the growing popularity of women's football. In this context, social media platforms have become critical tools for women athletes offering opportunities for sponsorship and activism. This study focuses on the Instagram activity of five individual players from the Norwegian national team during the UEFA Women's EURO 2022. It examines the following research questions. (a) What type of content did the players post throughout the UEFA Women's EURO 2022 Championship period? (b) How did content type and posting frequency vary throughout the championship period? (c) How did audiences engage with the various types of content posted on Instagram throughout the championship period? Methodologically, this article is based on a quantitative content analysis of posts, stories and comments shared by the players during the championship period. Our findings reveal a diverse content sharing pattern that is indicative of strategic impression management. Players predominantly shared sports-related content to enhance their profiles as committed athletes; a tactic aligning with audience expectations. Their posting frequency peaked around matchdays, reduced post-loss and indicated a strategic approach to maintain a positive online presence. Post-elimination, players diversified their content by incorporating business and personal aspects, thereby indicating a shift to a more multifaceted self-presentation. Audience engagement was largely positive, with interactions showing support and encouragement, which reinforced the effectiveness of sports-focused content in garnering positive reactions. However, the posts relating to LGBTIQA+ activism prompted a notable amount of negative feedback, which highlighted the challenges and potential backlash when engaging in social media activism.

LEGALIZATION OF UNDERAGE MARRIAGE AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE HEALTH OF THE MOTHER AND CHILD

Underage marriage is a global issue, it remains prevalent worldwide despite laws against it in some parts of the world. According to the UNFPA, 1 in 5 young women in the Arab world are married before the age of 18 years and 1 in 25 young women are married before the age of 15 years. Although research has been done to study the effects of underage marriage on the health of the woman and her subsequent children, there has been no accessible research done in Libya- our research aims to help fill that gap. This study goes over preexisting literature to define underage marriage, the reasons behind it, its affects on the health of young women and their children, and studied 50 cases of underage marriage in the city of Zawia. The results showed that underage marriage was more common in rural areas. Moreover, there was an increased rate of delivery by c-section in these women, perinatal hemorrhaging, severe anemia, vitamin deficiencies, depression, and anxiety

On the cost of wearing white shorts in women's sport

The menstrual cycle and associated issues are still considered taboo in many societies, causing a lack of understanding and sub-optimal decision making. Sport can effectively promote awareness of social issues in general, including those concerning the menstrual cycle. One such issue is the anxiety arising from wearing white shorts. Despite increased awareness, still over half the teams participating in the recent 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup played in white shorts. In this study, I investigated women's and men's football games from the World Cups and the European Championships between 2002 and 2023. Using regression analysis, and after controlling for teams’ abilities and other factors, I found that women's teams wearing white shorts achieved between 0.32 and 0.37 fewer points per game. No such effect was observed among men. This result illustrates that a lack of understanding of period anxiety has an immediate cost that is very easy to avoid by simply not playing in white shorts. Most importantly, given that sport is an important vehicle of gender equality, increased awareness of period anxiety could result in higher participation of women in sports and, ultimately, in narrowing other gender gaps.

Unveiling Gender Biases in Recruitment: A Natural Language Processing Approach

This paper investigates the potential of AI to identify gender biases in recruitment for senior management positions in businesses, dealing with many documents. It aims to unravel the impact of gender biases in job advertisements as a possible reason behind the underrepresentation of women in the corporate world. An innovative experiment that extracts and analyses 2.198 job offers published in February and September 2021 in the Financial Times newspaper is presented. Natural language techniques are used. These methods identify the most frequent terms and their appearance rate in the advertisements showing the gender biases they generate. By enabling the analysis of many documents, the method allows the accurate identification of gender biases. This use is unique in management studies. The results show a strong co-occurrence of terms associated with male roles in the studied sectors. The concept of agentic-communal role differentiation, rooted in the Identity, homosocial, and TM-TM theories, supports the findings. This knowledge will contribute to using NLP to discover gender biases in recruitment for high decision-making positions proposing action to improve the present situation. Should more women ascend to decision-making positions, selection processes should be improved to reflect a more neutral language. At the same time, cultural changes should be promoted in the corporate world toward more inclusive workplaces.

Breast Cancer Predictor Using Deep Learning

Abstract:- The problem of the Breast Cancer around the world among women becoming worsens each passing day. Curing of Breast Cancer disease is never easy for women. It is also become hard when women are in there 30’s. After several researches or experiments by our doctors and scientists, there is no 100% curable treatment for the cancer. In India, in every 4 minutes one women is diagnosed with breast cancer and in every 13 minutes one women is died due to breast cancer. According to WHO report of year 2022 around 670000 people died due to breast cancer and around 2.3 million women diagnosed with this cancer. Out of 185 countries in the world women from 157 countries suffering from breast cancer. We can also say that due to lack of accurate prediction models results in the difficulty for doctors to prepare for a treatment plan. So, we are trying to develop a model by using two different approaches i.e., train and testing method and by using cross-validation method. We will discuss about which approach gives good accuracy with minimum errors in less time. We will use the algorithms like SVM, AdaBoost, XgBoost, KNN, Naïve Bayes to determine the accuracy. This work is done to predict the outcomes of different types of techniques and which technique has good accuracy, F1 score, precision, recall.

Self-Efficacy, Alertness and Work-Family Conflict Toward Women Entrepreneurial Success

Over the last few decades, the rise in women’s entrepreneurship has been influenced by greater access to education, changing societal attitudes, advancements in technology, and initiatives aimed at empowering women in the business world. The increasing number of women entrepreneurs worldwide, is attributed to technological advancements and a decrease in job opportunities in both government and private sector. As a developing country, Malaysia also has a considerable number of women entrepreneurs taking advantage of entrepreneurial opportunities due to limited prospects and desire to have more quality time with their families. This research delves into the correlation between self-efficacy, alertness, and work-family conflict toward the success of women entrepreneurs. Recognizing that women play a crucial role in family management and business, this study investigates the moderating effect of work-family conflict on the relationship between self-efficacy, alertness, and the success of 300 women entrepreneurs in Malaysia. 300 successful women entrepreneurs participated through an online survey method and the data gathered were analyzed through the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 22 and SmartPLS 3.0.

Deconstructing Stereotypes in the Liminal Phases: A Postcolonial Feminist Analysis of An Educated Woman in Prostitution

Postcolonial Indians’ psyche has been colonised by the long effects of colonial and patriarchal stereotypes. Stereotypes work as a master’s tool in hindering the freedom of postcolonial Indian women. Due to the impact of this two-fold domination (colonial and patriarchal stereotypes) in the lives of postcolonial Indian women, they are forced to endure their sufferings and are oppressed to remain passive. Postcolonial feminism theory uncovers the unknown struggles endured by various voiceless categories and unrecognised social divisions of third world women. The memoir, An Educated Woman in Prostitution, was chosen for the study as it documents the traumatic life transition of a young girl choosing sex work as her identity in the Indian context. The effects of socio-political principles and dogmatic patriarchal stereotypes constructed around sex workers are transparently discussed in the text. The article employs Arnold van Gennep’s anthropological concepts, the three phases of liminality (preliminal, liminal and postliminal) from The Rites of Passage, to closely observe the life transitions and decisions made by the protagonist. The study utilises these phases of liminality to trace the survival strategies employed by the protagonist and other female characters in dismantling stereotypes and gaining freedom of choice. Conclusively, the study employs a qualitative analysis of Manada Devi’s memoir, drawing upon the theoretical exploration of liminal phases and stereotypes from a postcolonial feminist standpoint. The study identifies the transitional phase during which the protagonist breaks stereotypes and reintegrates into society with a new identity.

The Dose-Response in Elite Soccer: Preliminary Insights From Menstrual-Cycle Tracking During the FIFA Women's World Cup 2019.

This preliminary study examined the influence of estimated menstrual-cycle (MC)phase on responses to soccer matches and training sessions in preparation for and during the FIFA (Fédération internationale de football association) Women's World Cup 2019. Twenty outfield players representing a national team were tracked over a 45-day period. External (10-Hz global positioning system; total and distance covered at high-metabolic power [≥20W·kg-1]) and internal load measures (minutes ≥80% heart-rate maximum, sessional ratings of perceived exertion) were collected during all training and matches, with single-item wellness measures (fatigue, soreness, sleep quality, and sleep duration) collected each morning prior to activity. MC phase was estimated individually via an algorithm, informed from pretournament survey responses and ongoing symptom reporting (FitrWoman). Model comparison statistics were used to determine the impact of estimated MC phase in nonhormonal contraceptive users (n = 16). Sessional rating of perceived exertion responses to total distances ≥5km were higher during the luteal phase (+0.6-1.0au; P ≤ .0178) versus menstruation (phase 1), but no other observable dose-response trends were observed. Sleep, fatigue, and soreness ratings were not typically associated with MC phase, with the exception of exacerbated fatigue ratings in luteal versus follicular phase 48 hours postmatch (-0.73au, P = .0275). Preliminary findings suggest that estimated MC phase may contribute to the understanding of the dose-response to soccer training and matches.