Women In Agricultural Production Research Articles

Participation of Rural Women in Agricultural Production in India

Participation of Rural Women in Agricultural Production in India

Local Aspects of Feminism in “Jangloos”: An Analytical Study

Shaukat Siddiqui is well known progressive short story writer and novelist in Urdu Literature. His novel "Jangloos" completely portrays the Pakistani society. The following research is an attempt to analyze novel "Jangloos" through a feminist lens, but this critical approach has been localized at length. Therefore, the analysis of "Jangloos" will be carried out by using local feminist approaches. The research will be focusing on the issues like exploitation, marginalization, and oppression that women face in "Jangloos". The research therefore is not only a textual analysis of but also a contextual and cultural study of the novel. In the context of this novel, an attempt has been made to explore the role of women in agricultural production and the venerability of women according to rural customs.

Women Participation in Poultry Production. The Case of Ada’a, Lume and Akaki, East Shewa, Ethiopia

Women play essential roles in agriculture; providing inputs, working in the farm, generating off-farm income and doing the unpaid house chores, but often the gains go to the husband and children. Ethiopia is representative of countries where village poultry plays a dominant role in total poultry production. women generally contribute more labor inputs in areas of feeding and grazing of cows, watering, manage vulnerable animals (calves, small ruminants, and sick, injured and pregnant animals), cleaning of barns, dairy-related activities (milking, butter and cheese making), gathering and making dung cakes, transporting farm manure, egg collection, and sale of egg/poultry, than men and children. However, few recognitions have been given to women’s contribution to agricultural production. The study was aimed to assess the level of women participation in poultry production. The study went further to identify access and benefit of women from poultry products. Data was collected using semi- structured interview and analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. The study found that house construction was the only activity in which women participation is less than their men counter parts. Women take part in all activities concerning poultry production. Majority of the respondents 86.7% carried out watering poultry and collecting eggs followed by house cleaning 80% and recording events 80%. Taking products to market, selling products and holding money from poultry product sale are the major activities done by women by 73.3%. Based on results further researches need to be done in order to magnify the contribution of women in agricultural production.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND HOUSEHOLD-DECISION MAKING IN BUM CHIEFDOM

The purpose of this study is to investigate “The Role of Women in Agricultural Production and Household-Decision Making in Bum Chiefdom”. It has assessed the various ranges of activities that are performed by women and identified the overall drawbacks encountered by women. The survey was conducted in 16 villages in four sections of Bum Chiefdom in rural districts of Bonthe and 80 households by taking 75% women and 25% men in their residents or sometimes in their farm site. The interviewees were selected using a stratified random sampling technique picking up 16 households from each section. The data were analyzed through descriptive and inference statistics. The Pearson Chi-Square Test was used to the test relationship between variables. The results have shown that women have a primary role in providing labour for agricultural production and household works in the study area. Women play a significant role in the agricultural labour force and in household activities. As a result, their contribution to agricultural output is undoubtedly extremely significant. The most general conclusion reached from the study is that women spend more time than men in activities and agriculture tasks. In day-to-day agricultural transactions, the village men in Bum Chiefdom, southern Sierra Leone make more decisions than women. Division of Labour by gender in farming exists. Women perform their duties on the common plot and prepare food from what is designated for consumption from the farm products. To strengthen and develop women in economic and social, men, local authority government, and other concerned bodies should take all appropriate measures to ensure women empower and actively participate in deciding on agricultural activities, income/expenditure and household decision-making, without any discrimination. Women should also participate at all stages of project agricultural planning, implementation and assessment.

An Assessment of Rural Women Participation and Efforts Towards Sustainable Agricultural Development in Ikenne Local Government (2016 – 2020)

This paper highlighted that rural women play pivotal roles in agricultural and rural development, even much more than their male counterparts. Although not denying the supportive roles of the men in attaining their production goals, the work explores rural women’s participation in agricultural productive activities such as planting the seedlings, weeding, and interval intercultural operation of the crops. The objective of these studies was to assess the extent to which rural women in the Ikenne Local Government were involved in the productive efforts of two major agricultural produce – Ugu vegetable (pumpkin vegetables) and the corn seedlings in various farms locations. This study focused on the role of women working with full passion in the production of these crops right from the soil preparation through tillage, local manur styles till it is harvested and further into the marketing and storage of these crops for the next planting season; a chain of productive forces just to make ends meet and to sustain their families. For this study, two villages/towns Ilishan-Remo and Ikenne-Remo were selected according to their experiences on these crops and for their proximity to the university and convenience of the research. Results accessed showed formal training on the production of these crops and management. From the overall studies, it was assumed that the maximum percentage of the farmers of these regions adopted indigenous knowledge for the cultivation of these crops including all cultural practices for raising the crops as well as in the post-harvest marketing activities also. The paper through its findings stressed that the public, private sectors, and NGOs in both local governments need to introduce diversity management programs in order to reduce the poverty levels of these rural women in agricultural production. The concluding section of the work recommends some policies that would stimulate these determined producers to such levels that could enable them to grow into big-time farmers and be able to contribute meaningfully to their communities and beyond.

Factors accelerating agricultural innovation and sustainability: The case of paddy farmers.

The primary purpose of this study is to reveal the factors accelerating both the innovativeness and sustainability levels of paddy farmers. The data used in the study were obtained from the questionnaires conducted with 70 paddy farmers in the Bafra district of Samsun province, Turkey, determined by a simple random sampling method. Paddy farmers were divided into three groups as low, medium, and high innovativeness groups with hierarchical cluster analysis. An ANOVA was used to compare the socioeconomic and farming characteristics of the paddy farmers, and accelerated failure time models were used to analyze the factors affecting the innovativeness and sustainability variables. The research results indicated that the number of years of formal education, the agricultural experience, the amount of labor per unit area, the animal assets, the share of agricultural income in the total income, the number of memberships to farmer organizations, paddy production area, sustainable agriculture area, and cooperation scores differed from the innovativeness groups. The farmers' collaboration in agricultural activities increased the likelihood that they are an innovator. The results concluded that the number of years of formal education, global good agriculture practice, agricultural experience, household size, animal assets, and women's employment influenced both the innovativeness and sustainability variables. Encouraging the participation of women in agricultural production in rural areas, including sustainability-related issues in addition to technical issues in farmer training programs, and ensuring the participation of women in such training are issues that should be considered in future.Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:824-835. © 2021 SETAC.

Female farmers in the United States: Research needs and policy questions

The literature on women in agricultural production in developing countries is vast. While female farmers in the United States have recently received more attention, their general characteristics and practices pursued have not received as much consideration by agricultural economists. Here we examine U.S. female farmers’ characteristics and factors associated with county level female farm shares using Census data. We find that these shares are higher near metropolitan core counties and that their presence is associated with agritourism activity as well as horticultural and small livestock production. We conclude with several policy questions and future research needed to assess the roles and impacts of female farm operators in the U.S.

Women along the Catumbela River, 1797: land ownership, agricultural production, labour and trade

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the multifaceted roles of women along the Catumbela River Basin, the “breadbasket” of Benguela, during a particular moment of its long agricultural history. It draws, first and foremost, upon an as yet unexploited census carried out along this river in 1797, which followed a short period of particularly high numbers of slaves being exported into the Atlantic world through Benguela. My contribution focuses on women in agricultural production, both as owners of rural estates and as free, freed or enslaved labourers, as well as in distributing agricultural produce via trade to the nearby urban market of Benguela, with its slightly less than 3200 permanent consumers. By capturing the various roles of women along the Catumbela River during a particular year, this paper highlights female agency within the context of a male-dominated world, expands our understanding of the development of agricultural properties, and adds to an ever-growing historiography that seeks to debunk simplistic and often anachronistic views of women in the African past.

Challenges Of Rural Women In Agricultural Production And Food Sufficiency In Cross River State, Nigeria

This study focuses on the involvement of women in agricultural production in Cross River State, Nigeria. The objective is to ascertain the contributions of women to food sufficiency in the state and the challenges they face in course of their farming process. The study attempted to answer the following research questions; what is the level of contribution of women in agriculture to food sufficiency in Cross River State? What are the inhibiting challenges to agricultural production by women in Cross River State? A total of 900 women across the State were examined to capture their involvement and contribution to agricultural production as well as the challenges they face in this process. Data was generated through questionnaire, interview and observation and were analyzed with simple percentage technique and presented on tables and graph. The study discovered that women in agriculture in cross river are active contributors to food sufficiency through the remarkable increase in their crop production index. Second; women are faced with challenges that inhibit robust food production in the state such as land restriction, limited access to capital/access to credit, gender inequality/discrimination and lack of storage facility. On the basis of this the study advocates policy change to give women access to more land and credit facilities. Traditional norms that hinder women access to land be relaxed through government conscious pressure on local culture. Robust assistance to fund women agriculture should become the priority of the state and the local governments through conscious policy of soft credit facilities with minimal collateral.

Gender dimensions of decision-making on production assets and challenges facing women

ABSTRACTThis article investigates gender dimensions of decision-making on access to, and control over, productive assets for agricultural development in selected communities in Ghana. The men were more educated, resourced, and economically empowered than the women. This resulted in differential access to, and control over, resources by gender and a low level of female participation in decision-making. The study identified a land access gap by gender and crop acreage gap of up to 80% for women as compared to men. Challenges limiting women in agricultural production and processing include inadequate land access, inadequate capital, inefficient processing technologies, and unattractive markets.

Gender Inclusion in Climate Change Adaptation

There is increasing evidence that climate change has an impact on natural disasters, such as flooding, and on agricultural production, both of which have implications for gender issues. In this paper the authors briefly review issues related to gender and poverty and examine the relationships between gender and various indices. They then look at systems of land ownership and inheritance, and discuss an example of job recovery after a disaster through interviews with three female agricultural workers in Japan. The results of the interviews demonstrate the recent empowerment of women in agricultural production and that these women have strong adaptive abilities.

Women Empowerment And Agricultural Extension Policy: The Changing Role Of Extension Agents

This paper examined the role and challenges of extension agents in empowering women in a bid to revamp the agricultural sector. The activities of women in agricultural production are reviewed against the backdrop of global shift to gender sensitivity, particularly the emphasis on the role of women in agriculture. The paper subscribes to the yearnings and call for National Agricultural Extension Policy to facilitate coordination of extension activities nationwide. It raises the challenges and implication of this paradigm shift for extension agents who will now be saddled with the task of re-orientating themselves to the philosophy and scope of the new demands, including integrating women into the development process. The paper proffers solutions to the aforementioned problems, such as concentration on and re-invigorating the Women-in-Agricultural (WIA) project of the Agricultural Development Programmes (ADPs), women capacity building at farm family level, empowerment and training of the female extension agents, among others. Keywords : Women Empowerment, Agricultural Extension Policy, Extension Changing Roles.

Global Shifts, Sedimentations, and Imaginaries: An Introduction to the Special Issue on Women and Agriculture

Abstract In this special issue we introduce new understandings of the role of women in agriculture. Previous scholarship in this area has focused largely on family farming and the gendered relations inherent in that mode of production. In this issue we draw attention to the differential gendered arrangements emerging in global corporate agriculture, noting the various ways women’s labor has been co‐opted by organizations operating on a global scale. The lack of constraints on these organizations creates a climate for a new oppression of women in agricultural production. We also note that the decline in family farming in developed countries has not changed the fact that women act to maintain a hierarchical mode of agricultural production. We expose, too, interpretations of gender relations in ancient agricultural societies as flawed. This special issue opens up challenges to researchers and brings new concepts and understandings to this field. We look forward to a new and invigorated exchange of ideas.

Analysis of the perfomance of women in agricultural production in Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria

Analysis of the perfomance of women in agricultural production in Yola, Adamawa state, Nigeria

Achieving sustainable agriculture through recognizing gender roles: some salient points.

This paper assesses existing gender relations in agriculture with the view that the gender issue must be explicitly appraised and incorporated into development planning in order to achieve environmentally sustainable agriculture. The paper opens with a discussion of the reasons why women are more affected by poverty than men, a brief review of studies indicating that men are more privileged than women and children in almost all societies, and the emerging understanding that women have always been involved in sustaining food security. The next section considers the importance of agriculture for sustainable development and for economic development in general. The paper continues with a brief review of women's status in various societies as revealed by anthropological, archeological, and historical evidence. Gender analysis is seen as essential for solving agricultural and environmental problems because it exposes inequality, exploitation, or oppression and leads to a proper acknowledgement of women's role in agriculture. After a review of the results of studies of gender differences in agriculture, the paper points to the importance of considering the managerial role of women in agricultural production and their use of natural resources as well as their role as laborers. In conclusion, it is recommended that a research agenda be composed to: 1) apply a gender analysis to the history of agricultural civilization; 2) emphasize the difficulties associated with measuring, appraising, and recording time expended; 3) focus on the full range of activities, work, and duties in a typical farming community; 4) determine the likely desirable variant of gender diversity in a given culture; and 5) develop focused, comprehensive research designs that will facilitate compatibility assessment, verifiability, and replicability.

Labour migration and rural transformation in post-colonial Swaziland.

This article describes the effects of labor migration in rural southern Swaziland. It is argued that wages from rural migration to mining areas were invested in agricultural implements such as tractors, in education of children, and in cattle. These effects are improvements in rural quality of life and involve women in agricultural production. Male labor migration in southern Swaziland contributed to progress and rural development for rich and poor families at the individual level. Community level changes from labor migration were not evident. The author does not suggest that all changes were due to labor migration or unique. Negative effects are recognized, such as life style changes or changes in social customs. It is stated that southern Swaziland benefited little post-independence from national development. The Lowveld benefitted from sugar and citrus plantations. The central region experienced development of industry and commerce. The northern region had sugar plantations and mining development. The western region established commercial forests. The south only had export labor, which was attracted to higher wages in South Africa. Data and arguments in this article pertain only to male labor migration to mining areas. The literature on development tends to associate male labor migration with underdevelopment. Women are left to plough the fields in traditional agricultural production. Evidence is presented for southern Swaziland, which showed periods of low agricultural production and poor health conditions. During the 1940s this was the case and male absence was very high. Although women had limitations, it is argued that the most important factor was unavailability of new technology. By the 1970s, women were able to hire private or government tractors for tilling the soil.

Gender and Agricultural Production in Samia, Kenya: Strategies and Constraints

This paper explores the changing roles of women in agricultural production in a patrilineal community of the Samia in Western Kenya. Work in farm activities is considered to be demeaning for men and woman and children are expected to be involved in agricultural production. This study shows that modern education takes children away from home leaving women to be the carriers of the double-burden of domestic and farm work.

Technology and Rural Women: Conceptual and Empirical Issues. Iftikhar AhmedWomen, Foreign Assistance, and Advocacy Administration. Kathleen StaudtThe Invisible Farmers: Women in Agricultural Production. Carolyn E. Sachs

Technology and Rural Women: Conceptual and Empirical Issues. Iftikhar AhmedWomen, Foreign Assistance, and Advocacy Administration. Kathleen StaudtThe Invisible Farmers: Women in Agricultural Production. Carolyn E. Sachs

Ghanaian Females, Rural Economy and National Stability

Most discussions of African women as rural producers have either underscored African women's traditional roles in production, focused on female exclusion from the development process and the need for female inclusion, or they have documented the failure of agricultural development projects because of oversight of the female dimension (Hafkin and Bay, 1976; Etienne and Leacock, 1980; Bay, 1982; Burfisher and Horenstein, 1985). Observation of the intense involvement of Ghanaian women in both cocoa and food production, as well as their plight during the more recent crises in the Ghanaian economy, leads one to new insights into African economic relationships. This case raises some interesting questions about the exploitation of women in agricultural production, the relationship between declining cash crop and food production and the national economy, as well as the national consequences which flow from the failure to give women a proper role in the rural economy. The present analysis uses historical, ethnographic case-study, survey, statistical, and political data from cocoa farming areas of Ghana (especially the Sunyani area) to examine the changing relationship of rural women to economic and national stability. It is argued that in the recent difficult political and economic climate in some African countries, pressures exerted on rural areas have contributed to a heavy reliance upon female producers. Over time these pressures further contribute to an unstable rural economy, because this exploitation of the female labor force, while itself a reaction to socioeconomic trauma, further discourages male involvement in agricultural production.

The Invisible Farmers: Women in Agricultural Production

The Invisible Farmers: Women in Agricultural Production