Changes In Women Research Articles

Switch to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors during the Menopausal Transition is Associated with Accelerated Body Composition Change in Women with HIV.

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and the menopausal transition have separately been associated with body composition changes in women with HIV (WWH), but their interaction is unknown. From 2006-2019, 1131 non-pregnant WWH with viral suppression [(419 who switched to INSTI (INSTI+); 712 who did not switch (INSTI-)] and 887 women without HIV (WWOH) from the Women's Interagency HIV Study were included. Mixed effect models were used to evaluate change in waist circumference (WC) and BMI by menopausal phase defined using anti-Müllerian hormone, a biomarker of ovarian reserve. During premenopause, WWH had increases in WC (INSTI+: 0.01cm per 6 month (mo); 95%CI:-0.29,0.32 and INSTI-: 0.22cm per 6mo;95%CI:-0.01,0.44) that were not statistically significantly different from WWOH; there was also little difference by INSTI status. In late perimenopause, INSTI+ had faster increases in WC (0.37cm per 6mo;95%CI:0.15,0.60) while INSTI- had smaller increases (0.14cm per 6mo;95%CI:-0.06,0.34) compared to WWOH. In menopause, INSTI+ had faster increases peaking at 43mo then declining while INSTI- had smaller increases (0.14cm per 6mo;95%CI:-0.02,0.30). Compared to INSTI-, in late perimenopause, INSTI+ had 0.26 cm per 6mo (95%CI:0.02,0.50) faster linear increases in WC and in menopause, INSTI+ was associated with faster increases peaking at 41mo. BMI trajectories were similar to WC in late peri- and menopausal women. Switching to an INSTI-based regimen during late peri- and menopause is associated with faster increases in WC and BMI when compared to women who did not switch. Menopausal status should be considered when switching to an INSTI.

Changes in Women’s Meaning-Life Orientations and Values in Connection with Childbirth

Introduction. Pregnancy and childbirth have a profound impact on a woman. These events are a normal life crisis that is present in most women and results in a dramatic loss of a sense of stability. During this period, the restructuring of a woman’s personality is based on psychological patterns similar to those of normal mental development. Thus, pregnancy acts as a biological prerequisite for the change in her life. From the point of view of the empirical psychological component, the specificity of meaning-life orientations and values in women in connection with childbirth is quite diverse, but little studied.Objective. To study changes in meaning and value orientations in women during the period from the stage of pregnancy planning to the beginning of motherhood.Materials and methods. In the course of the study we used: the test “Meaning-Life Orientations” by D. A. Leontiev (SZHO method); the method “Value Orientations” by Sh. Schwartz (adapted by V. N. Karandashev). Methods of statistical data processing were used with the help of R program to calculate Student’s t-criterion to study the reliability of differences in data between stages.Results. There are reliably significant differences in the meaning and life orientations of women preparing for pregnancy and women who have already given birth. The specificity of prevailing value orientations differs in women preparing for pregnancy and in women who have already given birth. The values of women preparing for childbirth are dominated by such values as “power”, “achievements”, and “stimulation”, while the values of women who have already given birth are higher on the scales of “universalism” and “conformity”.Discussion. The study revealed that the complex of value and meaning-life orientations is significantly transformed in women during pregnancy and after childbirth, which causes the transformation of the system of values in relation to themselves, the child and the surrounding reality. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to develop and implement a set of measures aimed at adopting a new system of values and lifestyle of women during the first stages of motherhood.

Are Contraceptive Method Preferences Stable? Measuring Change in the Preferred Method among Kenyan Women.

Contraceptive preferences are important for reproductive outcomes, such as contraceptive continuation and pregnancy. Current approaches to measuring reproductive preferences in population surveys are limited to exploring only fertility preferences and implicitly assume that contracepting people are using a method they want. We know that people change their fertility preferences over the life course as a response to life events, but there is no information about changes in contraceptive preferences, given the limited evidence about the measurement and distribution of contraceptive preferences. In this study, we examined the extent of change in women's contraceptive preferences over one year and identified characteristics associated with this change in Kenya using three rounds of nationally representative longitudinal data. Over one year, 18 percent of contraceptive users and 46 percent of contraceptive nonusers reported changes in their preferred contraceptive. Experiencing a pregnancy or birth and changes in marital status were associated with changes in contraceptive preferences for users and nonusers. We found that contraceptive preferences are dynamic, suggesting that family planning programs should ensure people's access to various methods to respond to women's changing circumstances and preferences.

Hemodynamic Changes of Women with Preeclampsia Undergoing Spinal Anesthesia for Emergency Cesarean Section: A Prospective Observational Study

Abstract Background: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder in pregnancy and remains a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. In this prospective observational study, we used a continuous noninvasive cardiac output monitor to investigate the changes in arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, stroke volume, and stroke volume variation during the immediate perioperative period. Materials and Methods: Women with preeclampsia undergoing emergency cesarean section under spinal anesthesia were recruited in this prospective observational study. Cardiac output and arterial blood pressures were measured by the Nexfin monitor. Cardiovascular parameters were recorded intraoperatively and up to 48 h postoperatively. The primary outcome was to examine the differences in cardiac output between the intraoperative and postoperative periods. Results: Thirty patients included in the data analysis had a mean age of 35.6 ± 5.2 years and gestation of 35.4 ± 2.1 weeks. Post-spinal anesthesia, 50% experienced hypotension. 26.7% had nausea, 10% vomited, and other events included shivering, reactive hypertension, and bradycardia. The use of spinal anesthesia was associated with a significant reduction in systolic (126.7 ± 16.9 vs. 142.0 ± 21.2 mm Hg, P < 0.001), diastolic (71.2 ± 8.4 vs. 77.0 ± 11.3 mm Hg, P < 0.001), mean arterial pressure (92.6 ± 12.2 vs. 103.7 ± 15.3 mm Hg, P < 0.001), cardiac output, and stroke volume compared to postoperative readings. No significant difference was found in cardiac output, cardiac index, or systemic vascular resistance indices between the intraoperative and postoperative periods. Conclusion: Spinal anesthesia may have short-term hemodynamic changes in women with preeclampsia. Continuous noninvasive cardiac monitoring can be used to monitor specific cardiac hemodynamic parameters, which may resolve in the immediate postoperative period.

코로나19 전후 여성 경제활동 변화와 영향 요인

코로나19 전후 여성 경제활동 변화와 영향 요인

Empowering Change in Women's Health Journey Confronting Obesity

Obesity is a complex, neurobehavioral, chronic, progressive, relapsing illness that is curable. According to the WHO, 15% of women are obese, which has long-term health effects. Obesity care should prioritize health outcomes over weight loss. Common, culturally sensitive, trauma-informed terminology is needed when discussing obesity. Pregnancy causes profound physiological changes. Obese parents can improve their nursing and fertility with clinical contacts before, during, and after childbirth. Recognition and treatment of pre-existing conditions are possible. Obese women are more prone to develop gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, venous thromboembolism, and sleep apnea, in addition to pregnancy. Obese women must be tested for reproductive and gynaecological disorders and take into consideration their higher risk of cancer. Depression must be diagnosed and treated. Due to this complicated condition, obesity is rising and public health programs have failed to reduce it. Interdisciplinary healthcare and effective health enhancement medicines should be the focus of future research.

Socially excluded young adult Israeli women's social activism: A new approach to promoting well-being.

The present study explored the developmental trajectories and increased well-being of socially excluded young Israeli adult women participating in civic engagement peer groups. Twenty-one women participated in a qualitative longitudinal study design comprising 50 in-depth semistructured interviews at four assessment times. The interoperative phenomenological analysis approach revealed three main themes demonstrating a shift from survival to thriving. The first theme, "group connectedness," describes participants' positive feelings from participating in the group. The second theme, "exploring and practicing civic engagement," covers the gains in women's civic engagement abilities and definitions. The third theme, "From flaws to sparks," describes women's changes in mindset and their growing ability for reflection and making plans. The findings are discussed through the lens of the social justice paradigm to suggest a developmental model which sees developmental well-being as a human right. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Analysis of Policy Changes for Women in Science and Technology in Korea: Focusing on the Cultivation of Female Students in STEM Fields

Analysis of Policy Changes for Women in Science and Technology in Korea: Focusing on the Cultivation of Female Students in STEM Fields

Gender Equality for Whom? The Changing College Education Gradients of the Division of Paid Work and Housework Among US Couples, 1968-2019.

In response to women's changing roles in labor markets, couples have adopted varied strategies to reconcile career and family needs. Yet, most studies on the gendered division of labor focus almost exclusively on changes either in work or family domain. Doing so neglects the process through which couples negotiate and contest traditional work and family responsibilities. Studies that do examine these tradeoffs have highlighted how work-family strategies range far beyond simple traditional-egalitarian dichotomies but are limited to specific points in time or population subgroups. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and latent-class analysis, this article provides the first population-based estimates of the couple-level tradeoffs inherent in work-family strategies in the United States, documents trends in the share of couples who fall into each of these strategies, and considers social stratification by gender and college education in these trends. Specifically, I identify seven distinct work-family strategies (traditional, neotraditional, her-second-shift, egalitarian, his-second-shift, female-breadwinner, and neither-full-time couples). Egalitarian couples experienced the fastest increase in prevalence among college-educated couples, whereas couples that lacked two full-time earners increased among less-educated couples. Still, about a quarter of all couples adopted "her-second-shift" strategies, with no variation across time, making it the modal work-family strategy among dual-earner couples. The long-run, couple-level results support the view that the gender revolution has stalled and suggest that this stall may be caused partly by strong traditional gender preferences, whereas structural resources appear to facilitate gender equality among a selected few.

Hormonal Changes in Women with Epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder among women globally, often requiring long-term treatment. Hormonal fluctuations in women with epilepsy (WWE) can have reciprocal effects on epilepsy and antiseizure medications (ASMs), posing significant challenges for WWE. Notably, WWE commonly experience endocrine alterations such as thyroid dysfunctions, low bone metabolism, and reproductive hormone irregularities. On the one hand, the presence of hormones in women with epilepsy affects their susceptibility to epilepsy as well as the metabolism of antiseizure medications in various ways. On the other hand, epilepsy itself and the use of antiseizure medications impact the production, secretion, and metabolism of hormones, resulting in low fertility, increased risk of pregnancy complications, negative offspring outcomes, and so on. In order to develop more precise treatment strategies in the future, it is necessary to comprehend the explicit relationships between hormones, epilepsy, and antiseizure medications, as well as to elucidate the currently known mechanisms underlying these interactions.

Marital “Mismatch” from Changes in Women’s Litigant Rights

Previous articleNext article No AccessMarital “Mismatch” from Changes in Women’s Litigant RightsUchenna EfobiUchenna Efobi Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Just Accepted Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/721030 Views: 30Total views on this site HistoryAccepted May 25, 2022 PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

Livelihood Changes of Char (Dry Land) Women Due to Involvement in Activities of the Char Livelihood Program

Climatic hazards are common in Bangladesh on delta and riverine island communities, which are large sandbars formed in riverbeds due to silt and alluvium deposition. Specifically, these hazards are caused by the dynamic erosion and accretion of riverbanks. The natural disaster caused by the subsequent sediment buildup on the riverbed and river bank erosion poses a serious threat to the way of life for the residents of Char, particularly the women, by causing damage to or destruction of houses, crops, and family income. The Char Livelihood Program (CLP) attempted to strengthen women's resilience and sense of empowerment while simultaneously improving their livelihoods, nutrition, access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene habits of char women. This study was mainly undertaken to investigate the extent of changes in the livelihood status of char women due to the involvement in Char Livelihood Program (CLP), explore the factors that may influence the livelihood changes of the char women due to involvement in the CLP. Besides, the problems faced by the char women while working in CLP were also investigated. Data were collected from four villages of Islampur Upazila (sub-district) under Jamalpur district purposively and analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Models. The goal was to identify the variables that affect the char women's changes in their livelihood. Findings indicated that involvement in char livelihood program had significant influence on the livelihood of char women. The main factor included years of schooling, family size and knowledge of CLP. Collectively, the factors explained 32.3% variation in the livelihood changes of char women. The most influential challenges, from highest to lowest, included unavailability of transport and poor communication status, and lack of commitment of the service provider. Therefore, in order to overcome these obstacles, efforts must be made to ensure seasonal transportation system and enhance road communication infrastructure to enable char women to move around freely in order to carry agricultural products and to connect with relevant stakeholders for better farming and income operations.

Women-led organisations leading from the front: Coordinating responses to gender-based violence in Somalia and South Sudan

abstract Responding to gender-based violence (GBV) in fragile and conflict affected states is highly complex and coordination is critical. Both South Sudan and Somalia have unique challenges in providing services. Despite women being disproportionately affected by GBV, there are many barriers to women-led organisations (WLOs) taking leadership roles. Through a feminist participatory action research project with Women for Change (WFC) in South Sudan and Active in Development Aid (ADA) in Somalia (supported by Trócaire, United Nations Population Fund and the Bureau for Humanitarian Assistance), barriers to the participation of WLOs in leadership structures coordinating responses to GBV were identified and addressed, and a resource package was produced. WFC and ADA both went on a unique journey in asserting their leadership roles, developing their leadership skills, and raising the voices of WLOs. The impact of their leadership positions through the project had a knock-on effect, and both organisations have increased visibility and been able to insert women’s realities — including GBV — into other interventions. This article discusses the importance of women-led solutions addressing GBV in fragile and conflict-ridden states, and provides recommendations for increasing women’s voice, leadership and action.

Determining the Size and Shape Changes of Women's Feet during the Pregnancy Process

İnsan yaşamının ilk evresi anne karnında başlar. Bebek doğuma kadar birçok değişime uğrarken, annede de değişimler meydana gelir. Hamileliği kabullenme ve doğuma hazır hissetme süreçlerinde yaşanan duygusal karmaşalar anne adayını psikolojik olarak etkilerken, fiziksel değişimler de hem sağlığını hem de vücut yapısını etkiler. Bu değişimler hamileliğin üç trimester döneminde farklılık göstermektedir. Vücutta oluşan önemli değişimlerden bir tanesi de ayaklarda meydana gelen ölçü ve fiziksel değişimlerdir. Bu çalışmada hamilelik sürecinde ayak yapısında meydana gelen değişimlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Giresun ilinde bulunan hamile kadınlar oluştur-maktadır. Örneklemini ise Giresun ili Şebinkarahisar ilçesinde ikamet eden 10 hamile kadın oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmaya katılan hamilelerin seçilmesinde Basit Olasılıklı Örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kadınların ayakları hamileliklerinin üçüncü ayından itibaren hamileliğin bitimine kadar her ay, ayda bir kez olmak üzere ölçü ve şekil açısından incelenmiştir. Geliştirilen ölçü formuna ayak üzerinden alınan ölçüler yazılarak, yine şekil değişimlerini belirlemek amacıyla hazırlanan form üzerine sağ ayak çizimleri yapılmıştır. 7 ay boyunca alınan baldır çapı, bilek çapı, kontürpiye, bilek- topuk, tarak (milo), ayak numarası ve ayak uzunluğu ölçüleri tablolar halinde verilmiştir. Ayak şekilleri ise bilgisayar ortamına aktarılarak aylık farklılıklar tek form üzerinde gösterilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda hamilelerin %40’nın 38 numara ayakkabı giydiği ve aynı oranda (%40) kadının ayak numarasında değişim olmadığı sonucu ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayak şekillerinde en fazla oluşan ölçü değişimleri incelendiğinde iki tane hamile kadının ayak milo ölçüsünün 2,5 cm, birer kişide olmak üzere bilek topuk ölçüsünün 2,2 cm, kontürpiye ölçüsünün 1,8 cm, baldır çapı ölçüsünün 6,8 cm ve ayak uzunluğu ölçüsünün 1,2 cm artış gösterdiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Hormonal Changes in Women Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Study with a Control Group

Hormonal Changes in Women Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Comparative Study with a Control Group

여성의 속눈썹 시술과 뷰티행동의 이미지변화 만족도 연구

여성의 속눈썹 시술과 뷰티행동의 이미지변화 만족도 연구

Changes in Women’s Menstruation Cycle After COVID-19 Vaccination and Infection

Since the COVID-19 case was discovered, Indonesia has been one of the affected nations and found various COVID-19 infection and immunization risks. Most females are in the menstrual cycle following COVID-19 infection, regardless of the number of days between cycles, blood quantity, or menses duration. This study examines the changes in menstruation post-COVID-19 infection and vaccination. This study used a cross-sectional observational study with an online questionnaire. The 758 female respondents in Yogyakarta were divided into two groups: 532 females who received vaccination and never have been infected with COVID-19 (Group A) and 226 females with a history of being infected with COVID-19 and vaccination (Group B). The data was analyzed using SPSS 26. The results found that most respondents aged 17-25 (90.24%) were students (80.87%). Both two groups had acne on Pre-menstrual syndrome (28.16%), 5-8 days of menstrual duration (73.75%), 30 days of menstruation duration length (57%), and the regular menstruation volume (63.19%) after COVID-19 vaccination. The comparative analysis of menstruation changes in two groups (p0.05), including menstrual duration (0.771), menstrual duration length (0.609), and menstrual volume (0.476) after COVID-19 vaccination. In conclusion, there was no significant difference in menstrual change between Group A and Group B. After vaccination, healthcare professionals can promote post-COVID-19 immunization counseling and services to women who experience an abnormal menstrual cycle.

Correlation between Menopause and Changes in Women's Sexual Function at Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center

Background: Sexuality is a fundamental need, as is eating and sleeping. Post-menopausal women experience many psychological changes and have feelings about their negative reactions to menopausal transformations. Decreased sexual function is considered one of the important complications of this period that plays a negative effect on sexual function. This study aims to determine the relationship of menopause stage with sexual function of women in Lubuk Buaya Public Health Center (PHC).Method: This research method is observational analytic with a cross-sectional method. This study was conducted starting in March 2021 until the number of samples was reached. The study was conducted in the working area of Lubuk Buaya PHC. The minimum number of samples studied in this study was determined 140 samples. The sampling technique is stratified random sampling. Univariate analysis of data in the form of tables and bivariate analysis using normality test using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, if the data is normally distributed Anova test or Kruskal Wallis test. If the p-value <0.05 is significant.Results: The average age of respondents was 48 years This study found the frequency of premenopausal stage found the most (43.6%), followed by postmenopausal stage (21.4%), perimenopause (17.9%), and menopause stage (17.1%). The domain of desire (2.7±1.0) and arousal (2.7±1.3) achieved the lowest score, indicating major sexual problems, while the domain of pain was the domain where women obtained the highest score (3.6±1.5) indicating minor sexual problems. In this study, it was found that the menopause stage affects five domains of sexual function changes in the FSFI, namely desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction, while in the pain domain, there was no significant relationship.Conclusion: Menopausal status is significantly related to the domains of lust, lust, lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction. There is a significant relationship between the stage of menopause with FSFI domain scores.

Report on Changes in Women's Working Environments Before and After the Spread of the New Coronavirus Infection in Japan: A Case Study

Japan has been taking measures to prevent new-type coronavirus infection by promoting vaccination, testing, and therapeutic drugs, and by further strengthening the flow from detection to early treatment. However, on January 27, 2023, the Infectious Diseases Subcommittee of the Health and Welfare Science Council of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare summarized that new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) should be placed in the category of category 5 infectious diseases because it is not considered a condition that meets the private right restriction under the Infectious Diseases Control Law, and on May 8, it was changed to category 5 infectious diseases The status was changed to a category 5 infectious disease on May 8, 20111) . 1) In line with this change, workers have been changing their working environment from telecommuting, etc., which had been introduced since FY 2020, the year of the coronary disaster, but nothing has been done to clarify the actual situation. In this study, the authors clarified the actual situation for working women.

P13-004-23 Almonds and Nuts Consumption After One Year of Nutrition Counselling and Body Weight Changes in Women With Breast Cancer: An Analysis of DEDiCa Trial Data

P13-004-23 Almonds and Nuts Consumption After One Year of Nutrition Counselling and Body Weight Changes in Women With Breast Cancer: An Analysis of DEDiCa Trial Data