Wireless Data Transfer System Research Articles

Li-Fi Technology Based Long Range Free-Space Optics Data Transmit System Evaluation

INTRODUCTION: The most flexible and reliable technological system is Wi-Fi, which is made possible by a wireless connection that transmits data using radio frequencies. Wi-Fi networks, however, encounter numerous issues related to power supply, availability, efficiency, and security as a result of the various access points. While relational waves describe the medical device, Wi-Fi radios produce radio waves that are very dangerous for patients. This document offers line-of-sight communication between the transmitter and receiver using LED technology. Li-Fi technology is a method that transmits audio data using LED light, which is faster and more efficient than Wi-Fi. Since it is practically ubiquitous, light can be used for communication as well. A cutting-edge technology called optical communication includes a subset called light fidelity. By sending out visible light, the Li-Fi device enables wireless intranet communication. This paper is an in-depth study and analysis of Light Fidelity (Li-Fi), a novel technology that transmits data at high speeds over a wide spectrum by using light as a medium of transmission. The research fields that are pertinent to Li-Fi networks are thoroughly analyzed and categorized in this paper.OBJECTIVES: High speed data transmission, receive, share, broadcast through light in free space optical communication system by Li-Fi technology.METHODS: We followed some methods and developed a unique method to develop this project. which is VLC, OOK, a Lambertian discharge mechanism, LOS, NLOS, or a CMOS optical receiver.RESULTS: Successfully, we transmitted and received audio, video, and other data, which is very high-rated and near the 2 GB/s range.CONCLUSION: Visible light communication may be a fast-evolving technique in the field of wireless technology. Li-Fi is a wireless data transfer system that is both fast and inexpensive. It can also be used in potentially hazardous situations, such as in nuclear power plants, without causing electromagnetic interference. We are considering adding more features to our project in the future to get better outcomes.

Optimization and Analysis of High-frequency Data Receiver Coil for Artificial Retina

High-frequency coils are vital parts of the wireless data transfer system of implantable electronics for achieving higher data rates. Coil structure and its geometrical parameters are the deciding factors of the optimized coil design. In this paper, the physical parameters of the coil are optimized to resonate at a high frequency. A simple parametric approach is used to extract the physical parameters of the coil for optimizing the coil features at high frequency using MATLAB. The key challenges associated with the disparity in coil characteristics after implantation in the eye are being investigated. Tissue layers that mimic the human eyeball are modelled using HFSS software. The coil is simulated in the tissue environment to evaluate the electrical characteristics of the coil in the biological medium. To validate the simulation model, the implant coil is characterized in the porcine eye to analyse the electrical behaviour of the coil in tissue media. The measured Q factor of the coil in the air is 19.69 and in the tissue is 3.3. Experimental results of the coil implanted in the porcine eye show that the resonant frequency of the coil is reduced by 20%, which limits the operation of the coil at higher frequencies when implanted. This exploratory study on the interaction of biological medium with the electrical behaviour of the coil can be used to predict energy losses in tissues and hence aid in devising compensation techniques for improving the data transmission efficiency of the artificial retinal system.

Wireless Power and Bidirectional Data Transfer System for IoT and Mobile Devices

Wireless power and bidirectional wireless data transfer system using a conventional 2-coil inductive link is presented for Internet-of-Things (IoT) and mobile applications without any additional coil or antenna. The proposed system utilizes the dual-band frequency shift-keying and the load shift-keying for the downlink and uplink telemetries, respectively, while ∼140 mW power is delivered to the receiver in the 2-coil inductive link. The data rates for downlink and uplink telemetries are 800 kb/s and 14 kb/s with 3.12 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−5</sup> and <10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">−6</sup> bit error rate at 10 mm distance, respectively.

SARS-CoV-2 Positivity using Closed System RT-PCR at a Tertiary Care Medical Institute in Manipur, India

Introduction: Rapid cost effective, Point-of-Care (PoC) Truenat assay for the diagnosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been developed to shorten the Turn Around Time (TAT) of reporting with a wireless data transfer system. Aim: To explore the SARS-CoV-2 positivity using closed system Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Materials and Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in Molecular Laboratory of, Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India, using Truenat RT-PCR (Molbio diagnostics) and data was entered from May 2020 to April 2021. Manufacturer’s literature was followed while performing the test. Screening of sample was done with Envelope (E) gene test and confirmed with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene (RdRP) gene test. Statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel sheet by calculating the percentage, proportions. Results: A total of 1,528 individuals were tested for SARSCov-2 and 73 tests were reported positive. The positivity rate by age was highest among 21-30 years. The positivity rate was higher among males than females. Among 1,105 asymptomatic individual, 27 (2.4%) were positive and among 423 symptomatic, 46 (10.9%) were positive. Conclusion: Using Truenat, positivity rate among symptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) suspected persons was about four times more than positivity rate among exposed contact persons who are asymptomatic.

Transfer Data from PC to PC Based on Li-Fi Communication Using Arduino

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) is a new technology that has been developed in the last few years and still needs more investigation and experiments to prove its perfection to be an alternative solution for wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) technology. Li-Fi utilizes light as a medium of communication instead of traditional radio frequencies as in Wi-Fi. Li-Fi technology has the essential features compared to Wi-Fi, such as its ideal for high-density wireless data coverage in a confined area and reducing radio interferences issues. In this paper, a PC-to-PC wireless data transfer system is proposed based on Li-Fi technology. Data is transmitted from transmitter Pc via the light of an array of high-power white LEDs connected to Arduino UNO. The data is then received on the PC receiver using a photodiode, connected to another Arduino UNO device, to sense the light and decode it to its original format. This work aims to improve the transmission and reception mechanism by increasing the data bit rate. After experimenting, the evaluation results showed that the data bit rate was improved using the proposed transmission mechanism and reached up to 147 bps with an accuracy of 100%, over 20 cm as a distance between the transmitter and receiver.

Low-Power Wireless Data Transfer System for Stimulation in an Intracortical Visual Prosthesis.

There is a growing interest to improve the quality of life of blind people. An implanted intracortical prosthesis could be the last resort in many cases of visual impairment. Technology at this moment is at a stage that implementation is at sight. Making the data communication to and from the implanted electrodes wireless is beneficial to avoid infection and to ease mobility. Here, we focus on the stimulation side, or downlink, for which we propose a low-power non-coherent digital demodulator on the implanted receiver. The experimentally demonstrated downlink is on a scaled-down version at a 1 MHz carrier frequency showing a data rate of 125 kbps. This provides proof of principle for the system with a 12 MHz carrier frequency and a data rate of 4 Mbps, which consumes under 1 mW at the receiver side in integrated circuit (IC) simulation. Due to its digital architecture, the system is easily adjustable to an ISM frequency band with its power consumption scaling linearly with the carrier frequency. The tested system uses off-the-shelf coils, which gave sufficient bandwidth, while staying within safe SAR limits. The digital receiver achieved a reduction in power consumption by skipping clock cycles of redundant bits. The system shows a promising pathway to a low-power wireless-enabled visual prosthesis.

Rancang Bangun dan Analisis Akurasi Dinamometer Untuk Kajian Biomekanika Gaya Penari Bapang

Biomechanics is the study of internal and external forces acting on the body of living things and the effects of these forces. The study of the motion of living things is carried out by applying theories and laws of motion. The forces acting on the human body organ systems in biomechanics include gravitational force, body reaction force and muscle force. These forces can be measured using a dynamometer. This study aims to design a load cell sensor-based dynamometer which is used as a mass sensor, applied to the design, then analyzed its accuracy for the study of the biomechanics of Bapang dancers. The design is based on the availability of research funds but refers to the Mettler Toledo weighing principle, where the floor scale is designed as a measuring base for the dancers to perform their dances. The area of ​​this measuring base is predefined as 1.25 x 1.25 m. This has reduced the accuracy of the design results considering the ideal area for free dancing is 3 x 3 m. The design results have worked well and can record changes in the load during changes in dancer movements. The measured reading accuracy value reaches 98.36% but still includes measurement errors due to differences in the place and time of the calibration measurement, and differences in the clothes of the people who are the object of the load. The load reading display captures an average time delay of 0.468 seconds. It is recommended that the drawbacks of this design be corrected by designing a dancer's load measurement system using a load sensor that is shaped like a ballet shoe, but uses a wireless data transfer system so that the dancers can move freely. In addition, the shoe-shaped dynamometer design can definitively separate the load readings for the right and left feet.

Smart Implantable Artificial Bladder: An Integrated Design for Organ Replacement.

Substituting the natural bladder with an artificial solution, after cancer and other pathologies, is an ambitious challenge in biomedical engineering. In this work we propose a fully implantable smart artificial bladder system (ABS) that collects urinary fluids and provides the subject with real-time feedback on the implant status. To achieve long term duration, the ABS was designed to be unstretchable in order to be treated with urine resistant coatings and included built-in passive check valves preventing reflux to kidneys. To estimate the amount of fluid collected, the ABS was provided with four electromagnetic distance sensing units and a control unit. An algorithm implemented on an embedded controller enabled the reconstruction of the bladder volume through sensors readings. A wireless data transfer system allows for providing a real-time feedback to the subject. Bench tests validated volume reconstruction accuracy and ex-vivo experiments verified the implantability of the proposed device on a human cadaver, proving the reliability of a Bluetooth data transmission system and paving the way towards an in-body/out-body communication. The proposed solution has the potential to overcome the limitations of currently available replacement strategies towards a new generation of implantable devices for lost organ functions replacement.

Design and experimental set-up of a hybrid dynamometer applied to a fourth axis of the vertical machining center

This paper describes a functional prototype of a hybrid dynamometer, based on strain gauges, designed to be clamped on the fourth axis of a vertical machining center, to measure axial force and torque. This study is described in five steps: design, engineering analysis, instrumentation, static calibration, and natural frequency evaluation. In order to provide reliability with regard to the signal acquisition, a small wireless data transfer system was implemented. This system was developed for signal conditioning and amplification associated with a transmission module integrated to a dynamometer. Furthermore, a wireless receiver module and data processing codes were used to measure mechanical loads. The results indicate that the design is consistent with the operating requirements that the dynamometer needs to be able withstand axial force and torque up to 1 kN and 30 Nm, respectively. The calibration results indicated that the sensing elements operate in the elastic regime for the described loading range, due to the linear trend of calculated R2 values greater than 0.99. The wireless system approach allowed data transfer up to a distance of 3 m. The minimal natural vibration frequency of the device is 602.2 Hz.

Automated Chicken Weighing System Using Wireless Sensor Network for Poultry Farmers

In recent years, in the quest for cost-effective operations, slower than expected chicken growth has become a big issue for the poultry farmers in Malaysia. To be profitable, the chickens need to reach 1.8kg in only 38 days from hatching. At present, the farmers manually check the weight of chickens twice a day, in the morning and evening, to monitor the growth rate of chickens. However, the workers in such farms do not weigh the chickens according to an established SOP, which in turn results in inaccurate growth-rate data obtained. This paper describes the development of an automated chicken weighing system using wireless sensor network (WSN) for poultry farmers to replace the manual approach. The weighing scales are equipped with wireless data transfer system to enable automatic data transfer to the Cloud using a Wi-Fi module. The data collected are then compared to the expected growth rates and used to monitor of the growth rate of chickens. The proposed growth rate monitoring system enables them the daily monitoring of the chicken development rate and enables the rectification of problems as soon as any discrepancies are detected. Problems such as insufficient or poor distribution of feed and the occurrence of disease can be rectified at an early stage.

Design and Implementation of a Wireless Networked Water Level Control System

The design of a wireless water level control system is introduced and discussed in detail. In this system, the wireless Proportional Integral (PI) controller is developed using the LabVIEW graphical user programming language. Zigbee wireless technology is chosen for the wireless data transfer system. The experimental testbed was built and the system software and hardware were implemented. In order to compare the performance of the wired and wireless system, a corresponding wired water level control system was built. Experimental results show that under the same PI parameters, the settling time of the wired system is 3.3 times faster than the wireless system. However, the percent overshoot using the wireless controller is 4% smaller.

Fasteners State Detection System Based on Wireless Data Transfer Module

The safety requirements demanded from rail traffic have risen above all in view of the rapid development of modern high-speed trains. Railway fastener is the important part of rail line. The normal state of the fastener is the guarantee of the rail transportation security. The missing or broken fastener may be the tremendous threaten to the security, or even cause the serious traffic accidents. This paper presents a new fully automatic and configurable wireless data transfer system able to detect the absence of the fastening bolts that fix the rails to the sleepers. The systems guarantee a high accurate detection for the missing or broken fastening elements in combination with the strain measurement of the rubber pad under rail.

On-line survey and diagnose of sewer networks

Optimal maintenance strategies of sewer networks require an important work force as well as strong experience and knowledge. To ensure both a complete survey of the network and real time estimation of the current state of the network is necessary. A project was started in order to develop a new decision support tool for sewer managers. A new sensor measuring water level was first developed combining four major characteristics: a good resistance to corrosive atmosphere, long term autonomy, reduced cost and the ability to transfer data using radio waves. Further, a deployment campaign of these sensors was undertaken involving 100 sensors coupled with the commissioning of a wireless data transfer system. Finally, a decision support tool was developed to treat the data provided by the sensors to reach three aims: detect drifts, estimate the amount of parasite water and inflow during rainy days, and report any alarms. The pilot site chosen for this program is a main sanitary sewer of the city of Toulouse (France). This article presents the complete methodology, including the development of the decision support tool, as well as the difficulties met and the first results obtained in term of rehabilitation strategies of the network.