Window Management Research Articles

Development of a machine learning based fileless malware filter system for cyber-security

Over the years, the increased rate of perturbated malware based cyber-attack has presented many challenges and triggered the need for immediate solution all over the world. This was addressed in this paper development of a machine learning based fileless malware filter system for cyber security. Fileless malware which can come inform of Memory Resident Fileless malware or Windows Registry fileless malware are known to have no executable files, resides in the system memory or the windows registry. It doesn’t write any files to disk making it very challenging to detect us[1]ing traditional signature-based methods. It often leverage legitimate tools such as Windows Management Instrumentation and PowerShell to carry out its malicious activities. The methods used were data collection, data extraction, Deep Neural Network (DNN), activation function, training algorithm and classification. The methods were designed using structural and mathematical approaches which employed architectural diagrams, flow charts and self-defining equations to develop the new system. The training of the DNN was done using Gradient Descent Algorithms (GDA) to generate the malware filter algorithm. The filters were implemented with Simulink, tested and validated. The results were also evaluated using Regression (R) and Mean Square Error (MSE analyzer) and it showed R values of 0.9931 and MSE performance also recorded 0.002088Mu. This implied that the filter developed was able to detect and remove malware on the network.

Influence of sowing dates and weed management practices on weed dynamics, productivity and profitability of direct seeded rice

This study evaluated the impact of differential sowing windows and improved weed management strategies on weed dynamics, productivity, and economic viability of direct drum seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the temperate agro-ecosystem of Kashmir. A two-year field experiment was conducted utilizing a split-plot design with two sowing dates (May 10 and June 3) as main plots and six weed management practices as sub-plots. The earlier sowing date (May 10) resulted in significantly enhanced leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate, and grain and straw yields compared to the later sowing (June 3). Among weed management treatments, four mechanized conoweedings (equivalent to weed-free conditions) and sequential application of bensulfuron methyl + pretilachlor (60 and 600 g a.i. ha−1) as pre-emergence followed by 2,4-D (0.75 kg a.i. ha−1) as post-emergence demonstrated superior efficacy in weed suppression and augmentation of crop growth parameters and yield attributes. These treatments also exhibited the lowest weed index and highest benefit–cost ratio. The May 10 sowing, coupled with efficacious weed control measures, significantly reduced weed density and biomass while concomitantly improving nutrient uptake and economic returns. The results indicate that adopting a May 10 sowing date for direct seeded rice, in conjunction with either four conoweedings or the aforementioned sequential herbicide application, can optimize agronomic productivity and economic profitability under the temperate conditions of Kashmir. The study aided in choosing the best sowing window and efficient weed management strategy for attaining higher productivity and profitability of direct seeded rice in temperate conditions.

Detection Strategies for COM, WMI, and ALPC-Based Multi-Process Malware.

Behavioral malware detection is based on attributing malicious actions to processes. Malicious processes may try to hide by changing the behavior of other benign processes to achieve their goals. We showcase how Component Object Model (COM) and Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) can be used to create such spoofing attacks. We discuss the internals of COM and WMI and Asynchronous Local Procedure Call (ALPC). We present multiple functional monitoring techniques to identify the spoofing and discuss the strong and weak points of each technique. We create a robust process monitoring system that can correctly identify the source of malicious actions spoofed via COM, WMI and ALPC with a low performance impact. Finally, we discuss how malicious actors use COM, WMI and ALPC by examining real-world malware detected by our monitoring system.

The Role of Bone Tacks in Sinus Floor Lift Surgery: A Single-Center Experience.

Background: Maxillar atrophy is a prevalent condition associated with diminished bone volume, which precludes the conventional placement of dental implants. Sinus floor lift is a surgical procedure that aims to address this atrophy through the insertion of a graft within the sinus cavity. A multitude of techniques have been documented in the international literature for the management of the sinus bone window, though each approach has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Methods: The present study is a retrospective analysis of traditional sinus floor lift surgery, comparing the outcomes of two surgical approaches: placement of a collagen membrane over the maxillary lateral bone window with or without bone tacks. The study enrolled a total of 48 consecutive patients. Twenty-four patients underwent sinus floor lift surgery, with the placement of a collagen membrane over the maxillary lateral bone window without bone tacks (control group). The remaining 24 patients underwent the same procedure, but with bone tacks (study group). All patients received an amoxicillin 875 mg + clavulanic acid 125 mg administration for six days and underwent Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) before the sinus floor lift surgery and six months later before the implant surgery. The parameters measured on the preoperative Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scan included residual bone, the preoperative thickness of the lateral bone in the center, and the distance between the lateral wall and the medial wall of the sinus. Only the bone height increment was measured on the postoperative CBCT scan. Postoperative complications and the visual analogue scale (VAS) score were also recorded. A statistical analysis was performed, and the correlation between the parameters was evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. A comparison of the mean of the parameters between the treatment group and the control group was conducted using the t-test. Results and Conclusions: The study group was found to have superior outcomes in terms of bone height increment (p = 0.001) and VAS after 7 days (p = 0.11) compared to the control group. The novel application of bone tacks on the collagen membrane over the bone window following sinus elevation surgery was associated with superior outcomes in terms of bone height and reduced pain at seven days, as measured by the VAS, with no postoperative complications.

Anti-UV Passive Radiative Cooling Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystal Films for Thermal Management.

Passive radiative cooling (PRC) can spontaneously dissipate heat to outer space through atmospheric transparent windows, providing a promising path to meet sustainable development goals. However, achieving simultaneously high transparency, color-customizable, and thermal management of PRC anti ultraviolet (anti-UV) films remains a challenge. Herein, a simple strategy is proposed to utilize liquid crystalline polymer, with high mid-infrared emissive, forming customizable structural color film by molecular self-assembly and polymerization-induced pitch gradient, which guarantees the balance of transparency in visible spectrum and sunlight reflection, rendering anti-UV colored window for thermal management. By performing tests, temperature fall of 5.4 and 7.9°C are demonstrated at noon with solar intensity of 717Wm-2 and night, respectively. Vivid red-, green-, blue-structured colors, and colorless films are designed and implemented to suppress the solar input and control the effective visible light transmissivity considering the efficiency function of human vision. In addition, temperature rise of 11.1°C is achieved by applying an alternating current field on the PRC film. This study provides a new perspective on the thermal management and aesthetic functionalities of smart windows and wearables.

Self-Disclosure Counsel in Revealing Psychological Problems (Study On Online Counseling Service Counselives)

People with psychological problems generally find it difficult to express themselves and have poor communication skills. This research focuses on the counselor's self-disclosure in revealing his psychological problems in online counseling services. The research used a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, documentation, and literature study. This research uses the concept of self-disclosure as well as the theory of the Johari Window and Communication Privacy Management. The results showed that the main factors that influence the counselee's self-disclosure are listeners and channels. The counselee's trust in the listener and the response given by the listener is the counselee's consideration. The channel factor in the form of a disinhibition effect affects the counselor's self-disclosure in online counseling services. The supporting factors for self-disclosure were found, namely the topic. The reasons for the counselor's self-disclosure include the tendency of dangerous psychological problems, physical pain, complaints, emotional support, asking for help, and psychological control. The counselor tends to get positive effects from self-disclosure such as catharsis, self-knowledge, and self-acceptance. The effects felt different for each individual, a negative effect was found in the form of vulnerability.

Management Information Systems for Tree Fruit–2: Design of a Mango Harvest Forecast Engine

Spatially enabled yield forecasting is a key component of farm Management Information Systems (MISs) for broadacre grain production, enabling management decisions such as variable rate fertilization. However, such a capability has been lacking for soft (fleshy)-tree-fruit harvest load, with relevant tools for automated assessment having been developed only recently. Such tools include improved estimates of the heat units required for fruit maturation and in-field machine vision for flower and fruit count and fruit sizing. Feedback on the need for and issues in forecasting were documented. A mango ‘harvest forecast engine’ was designed for the forecasting of harvest timing and fruit load, to aid harvest management. Inputs include 15 min interval temperature data per orchard block, weekly manual or machine-vision-derived estimates of flowering, and preharvest manual or machine-vision-derived estimates of fruit load on an orchard block level across the farm. Outputs include predicted optimal harvest time and fruit load, on a per block and per week basis, to inform harvest scheduling. Use cases are provided, including forecast of the order of harvest of blocks within the orchard, management of harvest windows to match harvesting resources such as staff availability, and within block spatial allocation of resources, such as adequate placement of harvest field bin and frost fans. Design requirements for an effective harvest MIS software artefact incorporating the forecast engine are documented, including an integrated database supporting spatial query, data analysis, processing and mapping, an integrated geospatial database for managing of large spatial–temporal datasets, and use of dynamic web map services to enable rapid visualization of large datasets.

Facile preparation of infrared-transparent, superhydrophobic coatings for infrared detection and personal thermal management

Capturing thermal radiation using highly infrared (IR)-transparent materials have drawn great attention for diverse applications, such as IR guidance, IR detection, thermal radiation imaging, radiative cooling etc. However, the previously reported IR-transparent materials have the bottleneck of lacking superhydrophobicity, resulting in the degradation due to the dust, fog, rain, frost outdoors. Here, a durable IR-transparent superhydrophobic coating is reported via the spraying of polyester (PE) microspheres and fluorinated ZnS nanoparticles (NPs). Due to the high transmittance of ZnS and PE, the coating shows excellent IR transparency (around 90 %) in 8 ∼ 14 μm thermal IR band. Benefitting from the robustness of 3D connected PE network, the coating maintains superhydrophobicity after 180 cycles of linear wearing under 6 kPa. Moreover, the water jetting/atomizing/dust tests indicate that this coating effectively ensures the high accuracy of IR imaging lens under rainy/foggy/dusty environments. This coating on fabrics also achieves a remarkable radiative cooling effect for outdoor conditions to keep human body comfortable. With its facile preparation and versatile features, this coating has great potential on IR window, IR imaging and personal thermal management.

Successful Percutaneous Closure of Large Aorto-Pulmonary Window in a 3-Year-Old Girl Using Occluder A DO I 6/8: A Case Report

This case report details the diagnosis, management, and successful percutaneous closure of a large aorto-pulmonary window with associated pulmonary hypertension in a 3-year-old female patient. The intervention involved the use of an Occluder ADO I 6/8 device. The report provides a comprehensive overview of echocardiographic findings and aortoangiography results, culminating in the therapeutic strategy and outcome.

Multiple Monitors or Single Canvas? Evaluating Window Management and Layout Strategies on Virtual Displays.

Virtual displays enabled through head-worn augmented reality have unique characteristics that can yield extensive amounts of screen space. Existing research has shown that increasing the space on a computer screen can enhance usability. Since virtual displays offer the unique ability to present content without rigid physical space constraints, they provide various new design possibilities. Therefore, we must understand the trade-offs of layout choices when structuring that space. We propose a single Canvas approach that eliminates boundaries from traditional multi-monitor approaches and instead places windows in one large, unified space. Our user study compared this approach against a multi-monitor setup, and we considered both purely virtual systems and hybrid systems that included a physical monitor. We looked into usability factors such as performance, accuracy, and overall window management. Results show that Canvas displays can cause users to compact window layouts more than multiple monitors with snapping behavior, even though such optimizations may not lead to longer window management times. We did not find conclusive evidence of either setup providing a better user experience. Multi-Monitor displays offer quick window management with snapping and a structured layout through subdivisions. However, Canvas displays allow for more control in placement and size, lowering the amount of space used and, thus, head rotation. Multi-Monitor benefits were more prominent in the hybrid configuration, while the Canvas display was more beneficial in the purely virtual configuration.

Efficient Low-Power Timing-Error Control in Digital Integrated Circuits Using Timing Error-Tolerant Circuits and Time-Borrowing Techniques

In modern digital systems, real-time operation of integrated circuits is of paramount importance. Presently, a significant portion of energy consumption is attributed to the overhead incurred by accommodating worst-case scenarios. This research proposes an energy-efficient timing-error control method employing a circuit designed to tolerate timing errors. The critical path is adept at identifying and correcting timing errors, particularly those causing irregular data transitions following the rising edge of the clock. Management of the transparent window of the clock is instrumental in swiftly addressing timing faults using minimal logic. A novel time-borrowing technique is introduced to account for future errors, applicable to locations with a short flip-flop setup time. The timing mistake occurs in two stages, and during second stage, an organized clock ensures a sufficiently extended transparent window, allowing for preservation of regular data without necessitating alterations to system clock. The study utilizes Razor Flip-flop and Adaptive Hold Logic to detect and recover from timing issues. This low-power timing-error control method provides an efficient means of mitigating the energy overhead associated with worst-case scenario margins in real-time digital systems.

Making opportunity sales in attended home delivery

Research on time window management in attended home delivery mainly focuses on influencing customers’ delivery time choices to reduce monetary and environmental costs. In this study, we adopt a different perspective and propose exploiting otherwise idle time and vehicle capacities to generate extra profits through opportunity sales for e-groceries. We consider nudging potential target customers (residing in locations that are ”easy” to insert into the delivery tours) with push notifications to generate new sales. These customers are incentivized for purchases by dropping the terms imposed on standard e-grocery sales such as service fees or minimum purchase quantities. Managing the delivery operations for this innovative business model requires concurrently choosing the target customers and planning the vehicle routes under the offer acceptance and response time uncertainties. To solve this challenging problem, we propose an integer linear programming model that enables a decomposition of the problem into a routing problem and several customer selection problems. For the solution to the customer selection problems, we propose mathematical models with varying risk-taking levels. We also investigate the benefits of dynamic policies to take advantage of the information revealed during the delivery operations in order to adjust customer selection and vehicle routing decisions. Our extensive numerical experiments show that these models, equipped with dynamic decision making, can compete with the risk-ignorant models for the total profit while generating more sales per offer, as well as ensuring timely execution of the delivery operations.

Analysis on Hacking the Secured Air-Gapped Computer and Possible Solution

Abstract The world today runs on data, every minuscule task to the large one requires data. All the data is stored in the various technologies that we use. And to keep data safe, air gaps are introduced. Air gaps are a network security measure where secure computer networks are physically isolated from unsecured networks. Yet, different methods to hack the air gap have come forth. The paper analyzes the problem of hacking an air gap via screen brightness modulations. The proposed solution is a software program used to alert the user of a change in the brightness level of the screen. The concept of Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) has been used to put forth the software. Applied to an air-gapped computer, the program displays an alert box immediately, as the screen brightness changes. The solution is an easy and efficient way to counter the attack. The program can be further implemented in different testing environments and the WMI concept can be applied to various other cyber hacks.

Evaluation of etiology of pericardial effusion in 81 patients who underwent pericardiostomy or pericardial window

<b>Introduction: </b>A wide variety of diseases lead to pericardial effusion including systemic inflammatory diseases, pericarditis, reduced pericardial fluid reabsorption due to increased systemic venous pressure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, endocrine diseases, post-cardiotomy syndrome, trauma, hypothyroidism, renal-hepatic failure, collagen-vascular diseases, infectious, and malignancy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the underlying etiology of pericardial effusions in patients underwent surgical pericardial drainage or pericardial window and contemporary management.<br /> <b>Materials and methods: </b>Between January 2006 and January 2018, a total of 81 patients (49 males, 32 females; mean 52.9±10.6 years; range 5 to 84 years) who underwent subxiphoid pericardiostomy, pericardial window procedure with left anterior thoracotomy or subxiphoid approach, due to moderate or severe pericardial effusion and cardiac tamponade, were retrospectively analyzed.<br /> <b>Results: </b>Malignancy was diagnosed either with histopathological examination of the pericardial biopsy and/or fluid in 17 (80.9%) of 21 patients had a previous history of malignancy. Of the 21 patients diagnosed with malignancy, six patients (7.5%) had leukemia/lymphoma, and six patients (7.5%) had thyroid papillary cancer. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified in only one (1.2%) patient’s culture of the pericardial fluid. No etiology was found in the remaining 38 patients (46.9%); thus, they were considered as idiopathic pericarditis.<br /> <b>Conclusion: </b>Tuberculosis is no longer the leading cause of pericarditis. Idiopathic pericarditis is the leading cause of pericardial effusion and malignancy is the next most common cause of pericardial effusion in our region.

Stained glass after a disaster: Feedback and methodology

After the fire at Notre-Dame de Paris in April 2019, conservation scientists and art historians joined forces with the chief architect and the monument curators to facilitate the management of emergency operations on the stained-glass windows. Information and methodologies were provided for the swift removal of twenty-five 19th and 20th-century windows following the disaster. Restoration and lead decontamination protocols were studied in laboratories and inside the building in order to determine the duration and cost of the upcoming restorations. Thanks to the careful handling of the fire by the firefighters, the stained-glass windows of Notre-Dame were mostly preserved and very little thermal stress breakage was observed on the panels. However, the necessity to use all the teams available inside the building to deal with the generalized lead contamination caused by the roof fire considerably slowed down all the restoration operations. Given the limited time remaining before the building would be reopened, the teams decided to follow two different protocols: a decontamination protocol of the stained glass that remained in the building, and the complete off-site decontamination then restoration of the panels that had been removed. The presence of scaffolding inside the cathedral also provided the opportunity to draw up new restoration charts for the medieval stained glass in the rose windows. This new document would update the previous chart published in 1959, which was based on binocular observations from the ground. The disaster in Notre-Dame de Paris has reminded everyone that a building can quickly be destroyed by a fire, even today. One of the immediate consequences has been the revision of many cathedral security procedures in case of fire, and we can now reflect on improving the management of stained-glass windows after such a catastrophe.

Erratum to ‘Stained glass after a disaster: Feedback and methodology’ [Journal of Cultural Heritage volume 56C (July-August 2022) 36-47

After the fire at Notre-Dame de Paris in April 2019, conservation scientists and art historians joined forces with the chief architect and the monument curators to facilitate the management of emergency operations on the stained-glass windows. Information and methodologies were provided for the swift removal of twenty-five 19th and 20th-century windows following the disaster. Restoration and lead decontamination protocols were studied in laboratories and inside the building in order to determine the duration and cost of the upcoming restorations. Thanks to the careful handling of the fire by the firefighters, the stained-glass windows of Notre-Dame were mostly preserved and very little thermal stress breakage was observed on the panels. However, the necessity to use all the teams available inside the building to deal with the generalized lead contamination caused by the roof fire considerably slowed down all the restoration operations. Given the limited time remaining before the building would be reopened, the teams decided to follow two different protocols: a decontamination protocol of the stained glass that remained in the building, and the complete off-site decontamination then restoration of the panels that had been removed. The presence of scaffolding inside the cathedral also provided the opportunity to draw up new restoration charts for the medieval stained glass in the rose windows. This new document would update the previous chart published in 1959, which was based on binocular observations from the ground. The disaster in Notre-Dame de Paris has reminded everyone that a building can quickly be destroyed by a fire, even today. One of the immediate consequences has been the revision of many cathedral security procedures in case of fire, and we can now reflect on improving the management of stained-glass windows after such a catastrophe.

Enabling Collaborative Cybercartography with MapBlender

Abstract. One of the challenges that GIS users in diverse, distributed teams face these days is being able to efficiently collaborate, both across workspaces and tools. To that end, we present MapBlender, a cybercartographic application that fosters geocollaboration by adapting a collaboration-first approach, placing users and their GIS tools on equal footing. MapBlender allows all connected users to share video feeds of their GIS tools and webcams, which can then be freely rearranged and re-sized, adopting simple and familiar interaction techniques from modern window managers. In addition, the rendering and translucency of these feeds can be adjusted, allowing users to align and analyze information across tools. We demonstrate the utility of MapBlender in a hybrid teaching scenario, wherein a representative of a software company uses our application to instruct co-located and remote learners from another company on the features of their GIS tool. MapBlender is publicly available under open source licenses and runs in the browser, with no local installation necessary. Thus, with MapBlender in place, one of our goals is to promote an HCI perspective on future work in geocollaboration.

CURRENT ISSUES & CHALLENGES IN THE USE OF SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS IN TEACHING ENGLISH IN MAJAYJAY DISTRICT: THE EXPERIENCES OF ENGLISH TEACHERS

The research study focused on the experiences of teachers in the current issues and challenges in the use of different software applications in teaching English. Specifically, it aimed to determine the status of ICT facilities that are available to teachers teaching English in Majayjay District, extent of English Teachers’ Expertise on different ICT Software skills and programs, perceived issues, and challenges in the use of ICT in teaching and their significant relationships. The research involved one-hundred seven (107) teachers teaching English subjects. Frequency Distribution was used to determine the extent of ICT facilities that are available to teachers. A researcher-made questionnaire was used as the main instrument to obtain the necessary data. Weighted Mean and Standard Deviation was used to determine the extent of English Teachers’ Expertise on different ICT skills and Programs as well as the perceived issues and challenges in the use of ICT in teaching. In addition, Spearman Correlation was used to determine the significant relationship between ICT Facilities and issues and challenges in the use of software applications in teaching. The results of the study revealed that most of the teachers have ICT facilities available for their teaching. In terms of Teachers’ Expertise on different ICT Skills and Programs, most of the teachers have “Very High Expertise” on MS Word, MS Excel, MS Powerpoint, Google Forms, Search Engines, Social Networks (e.g., Zoom, Google Meet, etc.), Google Classroom, Email, File Attachment, and Windows & File Management with Average Weighted Mean of 4.48, 4.35, 4.57, 4.23, 4.61, 4.56, 3.98, 4.42, 4.52, and 4.51 respectively. Also, teachers teaching English in Majayjay District perceive the issues and challenges in the use of ICT in teaching with “Very High Challenge” specifically in terms of External Variables, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease-of-Use (PEOU), Attitude towards used and Social Influence Processes with Weighted Mean of 3.46, 4.32, 3.95, 3.43, 3.01, and 3.45. The relationship between Teacher’s Expertise on Software Application and the Issues and Challenges in the Use of Software Application in Teaching has a significant relationship with the Perceived Usefulness (r=0.626, p= 0.000); Perceived Ease-of-Use (PEOU) (r=0.442, p= 0.000); Attitude toward Use (r=0.306, p= 0.001), and Social Influence Processes (r=0.264, p= 0.015) and do not have a significant relationship with External Variables (r=0.055, p=0.577) and Behavioral Intention (r=0.030, p=0.759).

Design and evaluation of window management operations in AR headset+smartphone interface

BackgroundThe combination of an augmented reality (AR) headset and a smartphone can simultaneously provide a wider display and a precise touch input; it can redefine the way we use applications today. However, users are deprived of such benefits owing to the independence of the two devices. There is a lack of intuitive and direct interactions between them. MethodsIn this study, we conduct a formative investigation to understand the window management requirements and interaction preferences of using an AR headset and a smartphone simultaneously and report the insights we gained. In addition, we introduce an example vocabulary of window management operations in the AR headset and smartphone interface. ResultsThis allows users to manipulate windows in a virtual space and shift windows between devices efficiently and seamlessly.

Outcomes of late open fetal surgery for intrauterine spina bifida repair after 26weeks. Should we extend the Management of Myelomeningocele Study time window?

To evaluate maternal and perinatal outcomes of late open fetal repair for open spina bifida (OSB) between 26+0 -27+6 weeks. A cohort of fetuses with OSB who underwent open surgery in two fetal surgery centers (Argentina and Mexico). Two groups were defined based on the gestational age (GA) at intervention: Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS) time window group: GA 19+0 -25+6 , and late intervention group: GA 26+0 -27+6 . Intrauterine OSB repair was successfully performed in 140 cases, either before (n=57) or after (n=83) 26weeks, at on average 25+0 (22+6 -25+6 ) and 26+5 (26+0 -27+6 ) weeks + days, respectively. There were no significant differences in the rate of premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, oligohydramnios, preterm delivery, perinatal death and maternal complications. The late intervention group showed a significantly lower surgical times (112.6 vs. 124.2min, p=0.01), lower interval between fetal surgery and delivery (7.9 vs. 9.2weeks, p<0.01) and similar rate of hydrocephalus requiring treatment (30.6% vs. 23.3%, p=0.44) than the MOMS time window group. Late fetal surgery for OSB repair between 26+0 -27+6 weeks is feasible and was associated with similar outcomes than that performed before 26weeks. These findings may allow an extension of the proposed time window for cases with late diagnosis or referral.