Wild Mint Research Articles

In vitro inhibition of Candida spp., strains by wild mountain mint essential oil: A traditional medicinal plant in the high Andean regions of Peru

In vitro inhibition of Candida spp., strains by wild mountain mint essential oil: A traditional medicinal plant in the high Andean regions of Peru

Analysis of phenolic contents and biological activities of wild mint, Mentha longifolia (L.) L.

Analysis of phenolic contents and biological activities of wild mint, Mentha longifolia (L.) L.

AROMATİK BİTKİLƏRDƏN ALINMIŞ EFİR YAĞLARININ AĞ NAFTALAN YAĞI VƏ ALMA TURŞUSU İLƏ KOMPOZİSİYALARININ ANTİMİKROB TƏSİRİNİN TƏDQİQİ

The article presents the results of studying the antimicrobial properties of some essential oils (essential oils of mountain mint, wild mint and Stachys officinalis) in free form, as well as in dilutions with purified resinless white naphthalan oil and their combinations with various substances. As a result of the research, it was found that although the essential oils of mountain mint, wild mint and Stachys officinalis, as well as purified white naftalan oil, individually had a moderate to strong antimicrobial effect, in joint combinations they lost their activity. Adding oil of saturia, limonene, menthol and malic acid to the essential oil of field mint and Stachys officinalis, on the contrary, led to a significant increase in their antimicrobial properties. These compositions have been found to have very strong antibacterial and antifungal properties.

Isolation and Identification of Bacillus subtilis LY-1 and Its Antifungal and Growth-Promoting Effects.

Peanut root rot, caused by Fusarium spp., is a devastating fungal disease. As part of a program to obtain a biocontrol agent to control peanut root rot in the field, a bacterial strain LY-1 capable of inhibiting the growth of the fungus in vitro was isolated from rhizosphere soil samples collected from wild mint by agar disk dilution and dual-culture assay. Strain LY-1 was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on morphological characteristics, 16S rDNA, and gyrA sequence analyses. The bacterial suspension and cell-free culture filtrate of LY-1 could significantly inhibit the growth of Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium solani, but volatile organic compounds from the cultures had only a weak effect on mycelial growth. The percentage inhibition of 20% concentration of the cell-free culture filtrate of LY-1 on conidium production of each of the three Fusarium species was greater than 72.38%, and the percentage inhibition by the culture filtration on the germination of conidia of the three species was at least 62.37%. The production of extracellular enzyme activity by LY-1 was studied in functional assays, showing protease, cellulase, amylase, chitinase, and β-1,3-glucanase activity, while LY-1 contained a gene encoding iturin, an antifungal lipopeptide. In addition, under pot culture in a greenhouse, culture filtrate of LY-1 significantly promoted the growth of peanut, increasing the fresh and dry mass of the plant by 30.77% and 27.27%, respectively, in comparison with the no-filtrate control. The culture filtrate of LY-1 increased the resistance of peanut plants to F. oxysporum, with the biocontrol efficiency reaching 44.71%. In conclusion, B. subtilis LY-1, a plant-growth-promoting rhizobacterium, was able to protect peanuts from Fusarium spp. infection.

Enhanced extraction of wild mint (Mentha longifolia L.) leaf essential oil by ultrasound pre-treatment prior to hydrodistillation

Enhanced extraction of wild mint (Mentha longifolia L.) leaf essential oil by ultrasound pre-treatment prior to hydrodistillation

Synthesis of Mint-flavor Microcapsules and Its Application in Cigarettes

By using microcapsule technology, the components that may react with each other can be made into microcapsule products respectively, so that they can be stabilized in a system, and each effective component can be released in an orderly manner and act at the corresponding time, thus improving the flavor and nutrition of the products. In order to further find an efficient and reasonable cigarette flavoring process, this study used gelatin and Arabic gum as composite wall materials to synthesize mint-flavored microcapsules by complex coacervation. Firstly, gelatin-Arabic gum dispersed peppermint oil in water medium to form micro-droplets, then the pH value of the system was adjusted, the solubility was reduced and condensed into capsules, and then glutaraldehyde was added for curing reaction. The test results show that the embedding efficiency of microcapsules is the highest when the mass ratio of mint essence to two sustained-release materials is 1:9. When the dosage of mint-flavor microcapsules is 10 ~ 15 mg/ cigarette, the aroma of cigarettes increases obviously, the irritation decreases, and the aroma of wild mint essential oil can also be coordinated with the cigarette aroma. The results show that the samples of mint-flavor microcapsules synthesized in this study greatly improve the aroma characteristics and smoking characteristics of cigarettes, which lays a foundation for the brand development of cigarettes and has a good application prospect.

Evaluation the efficacy of Ethanol Extract Derived from Wild Mint on the Life Parameters of the Aphis fabae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (Sco-poli) under laboratory conditions

The black bean aphid, Aphis fabae is a significant economic pest with a global presence, impacting a wide range of plant species. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ethanol extract derived from wild mint (Mentha longifolia) under laboratory conditions on various life performance criteria of A. fabae. The evaluation involved measuring mortality rates of nymphs and adults, as well as adult productivity, utilizing three different extract concentrations (1%, 2%, and 3% w/v). The results revealed that the ethanol extract of plant leaves had a substantial effect on all life stages of the aphid, with a more pronounced impact observed at higher concentrations and longer exposure periods. In the first nymphal instar, the mortality rate reached 81% at a concentration of 3%, and in the second nymphal instar, it was 80% at the same concentration. For the third and fourth nymphal instars, the mortality rates were 82% and 82.5%, respectively, at a concentration of 3%. As for adult aphids, the mortality rate was 81.333% at a concentration of 3%. Moreover, the extract significantly reduced the productivity of adult aphids, with rates of 1.68%, 1.82%, and 1% at concentrations of 1%, 2%, and 3%, respectively.

Solar drying experimental research and mathematical modelling of wild mint and peach moisture content

This research may be seen in the solar drying of several mature plants. Fruits and vegetables such as peaches and wild mint are grown in a semi-arid region near Quetta, Pakistan. Our research is confined to determining the volume of moisture removed from the distinct items and employing forced convection using three distinct mass flow rates to regulate the pace of the solar dryer, which enables us to further our study and improve the influence of mass flow rate on the quantity of water extracted from the item. A series of mathematical models for different scientists, based on the mathematical connection used, and by determining the constants for each model, which implies that each mass flow correlates to the constants of the five models, and thus the product ultimately influences them in terms of type, shape, and mass. The findings were upgraded, and analyzed the mathematical models of the scientists with our approach, which was likewise quite accurate. We infer that the mass flow rate has an effect on the coefficients of the developed model, and it is an essential component. The model may be used to forecast the moisture content of peach and wild mint during the drying system.

In-vitro anti-bacterial activity of medicinal plants against Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) causing bacteria along with their synergistic effects with commercially available antibiotics

BackgroundPlants contain a variety of bioactive compounds that provide them antimicrobial properties, which can be used to develop novel antibiotics. The current research evaluated the antibacterial activity of 6 medicinal plants Sphagneticola calendulacea (Chinese wedelia), Enydra fluctuans (Buffalo spinach), Chenopodium album (Goosefoot), Mentha arvensis (Wild mint), Mimosa diplotricha (Nila grass), and Averrhoa bilimbi (Cucumber tree) against Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)- causing pathogens (Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Pseudmonas spp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp.). MethodsThe bacterial contamination of these plants was evaluated by using their surface-washed water. The combined effects of commercially available antibiotics along with these medicinal plants were also tested. We used the solvent extraction method, conventional cell culture technique, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, and disc diffusion method for our analysis. ResultsThe surface-washed water was contaminated with variable bacteria. The plants displayed notable antibacterial activity against most of the tested bacteria. Ethanol and hot water extract of plants exhibited minimum inhibitory effects, while the methanol extract of plants showed very potent antibacterial activity against most of the bacteria with inhibitory zone diameter up to 14 mm. In the case of combined effects, the zone diameter increased up to 26 mm, which is a significant improvement compared to the individual plant extracts. InterpretationThis data suggested that the combination of two antibacterial agents, one natural and the other synthetic, would be more efficient in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria than a single monotherapy of either of the antibacterial agents.

Comparative assessment of phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of mentha arvensis

Plants and herbs have been used as sources of safest compounds in the management of diseases as well as in the restoration and fortification of body structures in ancient medical systems such as Ayurvedic, Unani, and traditional Chinese medicine. The major motive for incorporating herbs in healthcare is to develop a healthy relationship with the body's chemistry while eschewing off-target and unwanted side effects produced by synthetic medications. A surge in the human population, an insufficient supply of drugs, a non-manageable cost of treatments, and a surge in antimicrobial resistance to presently used drugs have forced the pharmacognostic researchers to trace out novel plant-based bioactive compounds to be used as therapeutic agents against innumerous kinds of diseases and disorders. In this study, we include two different samples of Mentha arvensis also known as Pudina or wild mint procured from two different locations in Uttar Pradesh region of India. One sample was taken near the edges of flowing stream in Meerut (Sample 1) and the other sample was taken from hilltop near Dehradun (Sample 2). The major objectives of this study were to analyse the effect of continuous water exposure as cold stress on the phytochemical properties, comparative antioxidant potential as well as antibacterial action of the Mentha arvensis leaves procured from Summit and Rivulet. The dried and powered leaves were extracted via four solvent systems of varied polarity viz, Methanol [M], Chloroform [C], Acetone [A], and Water [AQ]. Comparative phytochemical analysis including total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant potential along with antibacterial activity of both samples was evaluated from all extracts. Our results revealed that continuous exposure of water as in Sample 1 has a prominent impact on the phytochemical properties, antioxidant potential and anti-bacterial effect of the Mentha arvensis leaves. GC-MS studies of Menta arvensis essential oil revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds most of which are secondary metabolites, and we attribute antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity of Menta arvensis leaves to these compounds.

Determination of trace metals in vegetables using ICP-MS

Determination of trace metals in vegetables using ICP-MS

Dynamic Tissue-Specific Transcriptome Changes in Response to Verticillium dahliae in Wild Mint Species Mentha longifolia.

Mentha longifolia is a wild mint species being used as a model to study the genetics of resistance to the fungal wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae. We used high-throughput Illumina sequencing to study gene expression in response to V. dahliae inoculation in two M. longifolia USDA accessions with contrasting phenotypes: wilt-resistant CMEN 585 and wilt-susceptible CMEN 584. Roots and stems were sampled at two early post-inoculation time points, four hours and twenty-four hours, and again at ten days and twenty days post-inoculation. Overall, many more genes were differentially-regulated in wilt-resistant CMEN 585 than in wilt-susceptible CMEN 584. The greatest numbers of differentially expressed genes were found in the roots of CMEN 585 at the early time points. Specific genes exhibiting early, strong upregulation in roots of CMEN 585 but not in CMEN 584 included homologs of known plant defense response genes as well as genes involved in monoterpene biosynthesis. These genes were also upregulated in stems at the later time points. This study provides a comprehensive view of transcription reprogramming in Verticillium wilt-resistant mint, which will be the basis for further study and for molecular marker development.

Phytochemical Evaluation of Mentha Species including Antioxidant Activity

Mentha arvensis is a belonging to the family of Lamiaceae; Wild mint is often used as a domestic herbal remedy, being valued especially for its antiseptic properties and its beneficial effect on the digestion. The phytochemical screening of hydro alcoholic extracts presenting the flavonoids, resins, triterpenoids, tannins and phenolic groups. The percentage of antioxidant potential is 91.28, by DPPH method. The estimation value of total phenol content is 936±71, and total flavonoid conent is 479±66. The crude drug evaluated by the various physical methods, and all the results are within the limit of world health organisation prescribed. The antioxidant potential is evaluation by DPPH method. The phyto chemical screening based upon the colour reaction and estimated the chief phyto constituents like phenolic content and flavonoid. This work identification and characterisation of the purity and quality of the monograph of the Mentha arvensis. This work is more useful to further researchers.

Phytoaccumulation of heavy metals in native plants growing on soils in the Spreča river valley, Bosnia and Herzegovina

This study evaluated the phytoremediation potential of eight native plant species on heavy metal polluted soils along the Spreča river valley (the northeast region of Bosnia and Herzegovina). Plants selected for screening were: ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), common nettle (Urtica dioica L.), mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.), wild mint (Mentha arvensis L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), dwarf nettle (Urtica urens L.) and yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.). All aboveground parts of selected native plants and their associated soil samples were collected and analysed for total concentration of Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu. The bioaccumulation factor for each element was also calculated. The levels of Cr (90.9–171.1 mg/kg) and Ni (80.1–390.5 mg/kg) in the studied soil plots were generally higher than limits prescribed by European standards, indicating that the soils in the Spreča river valley are polluted by Cr and Ni. Among the eight screened plant species, no hyperaccumulators for toxic heavy metals Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb were identified. However, the concentrations of toxic heavy metals in the above-ground parts of Artemisia vulgaris L. and Trifolium repens L. were significantly higher than in the other studied plants, indicating that both plant species are useful for heavy metal removal.

New acaricidal activities and chemical compositions of orange oil and extracts of (wild mint and henna) against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari.:Tetranychidae)

Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari.: Tetranychidae), is an economic pest causing high damages to different crops (Vegetables, flowers and fruits) in worldwide including Egypt. The acaricidal activities of orange peels oil (Citrus sinensis L. variety navel) and methanol leaves extracts of (Wild mint, Mentha longifolia L. and Henna, Lawsonia inermis Linn.) were evaluated against the adult females of this mite at four different concentrations (1250, 2500, 5000, 10,000 ppm), after 24 and 48 hrs under laboratory conditions. Laboratory bioassay results indicated that orange peels oil and methanol leaves extracts of (Wildmint and Henna) caused high mortality of adult females of T. urticae at the highest concentration (10,000 ppm) after 48 hrs. Orange peels oil achieved the highest toxicity against T. urticae followed by wild mint extract, while, henna extract recorded the lowest toxicity. The acaricidal activities are concentration dependent. The mean lethal concentrations (LC50) values of orange peels oil, henna and wild mint leaves extracts were 2203, 4642 and 5114 ppm, respectively. The chemical compositions of the orange peels oil and two leaves extracts of wild mint and henna were analysed and identified by GC–MS. The principal compounds present in orange peels oil were D-Limonene (92.42%), linalool (2.13%) and myrcene (1.30%), whereas, the major constituents in wild mint extract are Pulegone (38.61%), Menthol (24.93%), Trans Menthone (14.32%) and Cis-Menthone (7.93%). For henna extract, 2-Hydroxy-1,4-napthoquinone (Lawsone) (15.26%), Turanose (13.65%) and Methyl-α-D-glucofuranoside (12.08%), were the main components. Our results concluded that, orange peels oil was the most potent against the T. urticae and can be used as alternative and safe acaricidal agents T. urticae control.

Growth performance, Carcass Characteristics , Economic Efficiency and blood Biochemical of broiler chicks fed different levels of Wild Mint (Mentha longifolia) and Sage (Salvia officinalis) plants

This study was conducted to determine the performance of broilers fed diets supplemented with dry wild mint (Mentha longifolia) and sage (Salvia officinalis) leaves and which are among the alternative growth promoters. A total number of 315 unsexed broilers seven-day old (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to seven treatments with three replicates. The dietary treatments consisted of the basal diet as control (T1), 10 (T2), 20 (T3) and 30 (T4) g/kg wild mint, 10 (T5), 20 (T6) and 30 (T7) g/kg sage added to the basal diet. The results showed birds fed on diet with 20 g/kg wild mint leaf powder significantly had (P≤0.05) the best body weight and FCR as compared to the group fed on 20 and 30 g/kg of sage without any significant effects compared with the other groups. Birds fed on control groups consumed higher (P≤0.05) feed intake compared with the other treatments. Supplemented broiler diets with 20 g/kg wild mint significantly increased slaughter, carcass, gizzard, liver, leg, giblet and total giblet weight compared with chicks fed on diet supplemented with either 20 or 30 g/kg sage without any significant with the rest group. Not significant affected were observed on heart, head, gut and lung weight due to the treatments. Birds fed in diet supplemented with 20 g/kg wild mint had the highest values of net revenue and economic efficiency compared with the control group . Blood biochemical parameters including serum protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, and glucose concentrations were not statistically (P>0.05) influenced among all treatments.

The effect of water stress on growth rate in Mentha arvensis

Mentha arvensis is commonly known as pudina, corn mint or wild mint belonging to the Lamiaceae family. It is also widely cultivated in Bangladesh, Nepal, India, Srilanka, Thailand, and Japan for its use as a food seasoner, household remedy, and industrial purposes. This paper investigated the treatment of drought and flood stress on Mentha arvensis by controlling the irrigation intervals. The growth parameters which include plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, root length and root weight of Mentha arvensis were measured. Mentha arvensis was planted by using stem cutting and irrigation intervals was controlled in three different conditions after 5 weeks of plantation. The vegetation phase was observed after the water treatment started. Based on the result, Mentha arvensis at 4 days and 6 days of water treatment was more affected by the water stress. This shows that 4 days and 6 days of water treatment undergo slower growth rate in their plant height, number of branches and number of leaves compared to 2 days of water treatment. Mentha arvensis grow best under 2 days of water irrigation intervals. Plants showing improved growth with limited water are considered to tolerate drought, regardless of how the improvement occurs.

<i>In-Vitro</i> Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plants Against Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Causing Bacteria Along with Their Synergistic Effects with Commercially Available Antibiotics

Plants contain a variety of bioactive compounds that provide them antimicrobial properties, which can be used to develop novel antibiotics. The current research evaluated the antibacterial activity of 6 medicinal plants Sphagneticola calendulacea (Chinese wedelia), Enydra fluctuans (Buffalo spinach), Chenopodium album (Goosefoot), Mentha arvensis (Wild mint), Mimosa diplotricha (Nila grass), and Averrhoa bilimbi (Cucumber tree) against Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) causing pathogens (Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Pseudmonas spp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp.). The bacterial contamination of these plants was evaluated by using their surface-washed water. The combined effects of commercially available antibiotics along with these medicinal plants were also tested. We used the solvent extraction method, conventional cell culture technique, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, and disc diffusion method for our analysis. Although the plants had bacterial contamination, they displayed notable antibacterial activity against most of the tested bacteria. Ethanol and hot water extract of plants exhibited minimum inhibitory effects, while the methanol extract of plants showed very potent antibacterial activity against most of the bacteria with inhibitory zone diameter up to 14 mm. In the case of combined effects, the zone diameter increased up to 26 mm, which is a significant improvement compared to the individual plant extracts. This suggested that the combination of two antibacterial agents would be more efficient in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria than a single monotherapy of either of the antibacterial agents. Funding Information: There is no funding basis. Declaration of Interests: Authors have no conflict of interest.

Nematocidni efekat esencijalnih ulja biljaka familije Lamiaceae NA Panagrolaimus sp. (Nematoda:Panagrolaimidae)

The long-term presence of conventional pesticides changes the ecological balance in nature, causing the disappearance of many beneficial organisms, while their residues in food and water pose a global threat to humans. The consequences of the application of large quantities of pesticides have resulted in the banning of many highly toxic compounds. In search for more environmentally friendly solutions, essential oils are being investigated. Essential oils have been used for centuries in folk medicine and today show great potential in controlling a wide range of pathogens, pests and parasites. The family Lamiaceae is one of the most important plant families in the production of essential oils. The aim of this study was to investigate the nematicidal effect of essential oils of some plants of the family Lamiaceae on free-living nematodes of the genus Panagrolaimus. A low nematicidal effect was shown by pachouli, while moderate nematicidal effects performed wild mint, wild sage, lavender, oregano, thyme and basil. The lemon balm essential oil had the strongest nematicidal impact. The aldehyde and phenolic components of terpenoids are the main constituents of the essential oils of thyme, basil and lemon balm which have shown the strongest nematicidal action and the chemicals potentially responsible for their toxicity.

Heavy metals concentration, and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of the wild mint (Mentha longifolia L.) in the Egyptian watercourses

In the present study, we assessed seasonal variation in the accumulation potential of wild mint (Mentha longifolia) to heavy metals as well as the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of mint in polluted and unpolluted watercourses. The results indicated that the wild mint showed seasonal fluctuations in accumulation potential for heavy metals proved by bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF). The all measured heavy metals, except Pb were retained in the underground parts. Summer plants accumulated the highest concentrations of Al, Cd, Cr and Fe in their root, while the lowest concentration of Ni in their shoot. The bioaccumulation factor for Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn and Co was greater than one, while the translocation factor of the investigated metals (except Pb) did not exceed one, indicating the potential of wild mint for phytostabilization of these metals in contaminated wetlands. The yield and composition of mint essential oil (MEO) were affected by harvesting season and heavy metals pollution. GC/MS showed that isomenthone, cis-piperitenone oxide, menthone and pulegone, were the main oil constituents. Mint essential oil show promising antioxidant activity by 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay under pollution stress. The maximum reducing power of MEO were obtained during autumn and summer seasons (polluted canals).In conclusion, summer is the ideal season for harvesting wild mint plants for the maximum plant biomass, oil yield, high radical scavenging activity of MEO and to monitor pollution in contaminated wetlands.