Internet Wide Research Articles

Civil liability for digital content damage (comparative study)

Digital content is one of the results of the modern digital revolution that affects the most accurate and specific personal rights of individuals, as the personal and public information that is collected and shared through the Internet is increasing, which leads to the imposition of a kind of risks and challenges whose harm is extended to a wide, frequent and accelerating scale through the digital field. Which is characterized by the complexity and sensitivity of people, as the digital domain is transnational, multi-dimensional, interconnected, and rapidly spreading among users. The rights related to the circulation of information, including freedom of opinion and expression, the freedom of information circulation, the right to privacy, the right to digital security, and the right to digital privacy, it is not right for people to be harassed under the pretext of freedom of opinion and expression, for every person has the right to embrace a certain belief or A certain thought without being harassed by others as a result of his own ideas or beliefs, provided that they are defined by some necessary restrictions specified by the text of the law, and in a way that preserves the public interest. The right to privacy is also a credibility for personal freedom without the person seriously and unjustly violating the right of another person to the extent that his affairs and conditions are under the knowledge of others, which causes the privacy of others to be exposed to the eyes of the public, and here he is responsible for violating the right of others to privacy. Privacy is a fertile field for individuals to exercise their right to enjoy self-development with others, in a manner that guarantees influence and influence in many areas to increase purposeful human knowledge, but without intruding on the rights of others. Every person has the right to privacy through the digital domain of Internet networks, as every person has the right to protect his data Personality, retention, processing and control over it, and not allowing others to penetrate it. Everyone should benefit from the digital revolution, and the optimal use of purposeful digital content as producers of content, blogs, and services, not just consumers. Therefore, the issue of competencies for the optimal and purposeful use of digital content is part of the indicators of the special dimension of participation in a manner that guarantees critical sense, efficiency, and morality, in accordance with Ensures public use of the digital domain of the Internet, in a way that enhances digital human rights. All digital human rights must be respected, which find their legal basis in positive legislation and international covenants, but they are still vulnerable to violations, especially in light of the increase in personal information circulating for users, which some may misuse and cause serious harm to others, may affect his reputation, or His personal consideration, and sometimes it may be a tool used to blackmail the victim, or bully him and then make him vulnerable to many material or moral damages. Digital content has many aspects, in which it may be a meaningful content and a tool for human development among individuals, and digital content may include a violation of the rights of other people, and expose them to material and moral damages, and this in turn reflects on social peace, and exposes social ties to disintegration, dispersion, and lack of confidence in dealing with people. Others, and here it has become necessary to put in place legal deterrent rules for people who misuse the digital domain of the wide Internet networks and its various programs. The elements of civil legal liability are available when a specific person uses the digital domain by producing inappropriate digital content on the Internet through which he deliberately offends others in their personal consideration, reputation, or honor, whether the aim is to blackmail the victim, or bully him electronically, Here, the element of error is achieved, and if this error results in damage to the person whose digital rights have been violated as a result, the second element of civil legal liability is formed, and when the causal relationship is available, the three elements of responsibility are when it is available to hold the person responsible for that accountable. Civil liability for digital content damage constitutes an effective system for limiting the damages of violating the digital rights of subscribers through the digital domain. The tools of this liability must be at a high level that corresponds to the damages and risks resulting from that, and all public and private efforts should be combined to limit this, as damages are not Especially, but it has a serious repercussion that results in the disintegration of social ties in a modern way.

Civil Liability for Damage to Digital Content (Comparative Study)

Digital content is one of the results of the modern digital revolution, which affects the most accurate and personal rights of individuals. Personal and public information that is collected and shared over the Internet is increasing, which leads to the imposition of a type of risks and challenges whose impact is widespread, frequent and accelerated across the digital field, which is characterized by complexity and sensitivity of people. The digital field is cross-border, multidimensional, interconnected and rapidly spreading among users. Rights related to the circulation of information, including freedom of opinion and expression, freedom to circulate information, the right to privacy, the right to digital security, and the right to digital privacy. It is not a right to harass people under the pretext of freedom of opinion and expression. Everyone has the right to adopt a certain faith or thought without being harassed by others as a result of their own ideas or beliefs, provided that they are limited by some of the necessary restrictions specified in the text of the law, and in a manner that preserves the public interest. The right to privacy is also an endorsement of personal freedom without seriously violating the right of another person to the extent that his affairs and conditions are under the knowledge of others, which causes the privacy of others to be presented to the public, and here it entails the responsibility of violating the right of others to privacy. Privacy is a fertile field for individuals to exercise their right to enjoy self-development with others, in a way that ensures influence and influence in many areas to increase meaningful human knowledge, but without intruding on the rights of others. Everyone has the right to privacy through the digital field of Internet networks, as everyone has the right to protect their personal data, retain, process and control it, and not to allow others to penetrate it. Everyone should benefit from the digital revolution, and the optimal use of meaningful digital content as producers of contents, blogs and services, not just consumers. Therefore, the issue of competencies for the optimal and meaningful use of digital content is part of the indicators of the special dimension of participation in a way that ensures a critical sense, efficiency, and ethics, and in a way that ensures the public use of the digital field of the Internet, and in a way that promotes digital human rights. All digital human rights must be respected, which find its legal basis in positive legislation and international charters, but they are still subject to violations, especially in light of the increase in personal information circulated to users , which may be misused by some and cause serious harm to others , may affect their reputation , or personal consideration, and sometimes this may be a tool used to blackmail the victim , or bullying him, and then make him vulnerable to many serious material or moral damages. Digital content may have several aspects , in which there may be meaningful content and a tool for human development among individuals , and digital content may include a violation of the rights of other people, exposing them to material and moral damage, and this in turn reflects on societal peace, and exposes social ties to disintegration , dispersion , and lack of confidence in dealing with others , and here it has become necessary to develop deterrent legal rules for people who misuse the digital field of wide Internet networks and their various programs. The pillars of civil legal responsibility are available when a certain person uses the digital field by producing inappropriate digital content on the Internet through which he deliberately offends others in their personal consideration, reputation, or honor, whether the aim is to blackmail the victim or bully him electronically, and here the element of error is achieved. If this error results in damage to the person whose digital rights have been violated as a result, the second pillar of civil legal responsibility is formed, and when the causal relationship is available, the three pillars of responsibility are formed, and when available, the person responsible for this is held accountable. Civil liability for the damage of digital content constitutes an effective system to reduce the damage of the violation of the digital rights of subscribers through the digital field. The tools of this liability must be at a high-level equivalent to the damage and the consequent risks. All public and private efforts should be combined to reduce this. The damage is not private, but rather results in a serious reflection that results in the modern disintegration of social ties.

Strategi Universitas Dehasen Bengkulu Dalam Meningkatkan Jumlah Mahasiswa (Studi pada Bidang Kemahasiwaaan Universitas Dehasen Bengkulu)

Education is currently the cornerstone of sustainable development in Indonesia. However, until now public services, especially in education, are still uneven. Therefore, Indonesia prioritizes education goals in the SDGs, especially SDG 4 which emphasizes equitable quality education and equitable access to education. One factor in improving quality can be seen from the increase in the number of students so as to realize the vision of inclusive education. Dehasen University is currently experiencing an increase in the number of students from 2020 to 2022. Therefore, researchers will conduct research using SWOT analysis to identify internal and external factors that affect the increase in student numbers. The result is that Dehasen University has strengths in a very consistent student admission team, wide internet access and a very strategic location. However, the weaknesses are the low cost of promotion, facilities that are currently inadequate and the lack of mastery of digital technology by some staff. Opportunities include the current great interest of the community to continue their studies, the development of technology and a wide network of alumni. The threats themselves include competition for student recruitment, demands for improving the quality of graduates and uncertainty in the economy. So it is recommended that universities can utilize internal strengths in overcoming external challenges and be able to implement strategies that have the benefits of external opportunities. So, Dehasen university is able to continue to increase students while overcoming the challenges faced.

Utilization of technology-enhance learning tools among vocational and technical education teachers in Nigerian tertiary institutions

The study determined training needs of teachers and issues in the utilization of Technology-enhanced Learning tools in Vocational and Technical Education in Nigerian tertiary institutions. Five research questions and one hypothesis guided the study. The sample for the study is 318 teachers from six tertiary institutions that offer majority of Vocational and Technical Education programmes in Nigeria. Instrument for data collection was developed by the researchers and was validated by five experts in Vocational and Technical Education. The overall reliability index of the instrument is 0.81. Results from collected data revealed that the teachers require training to enable them use Technology-enhanced Learning tools for instructional delivery; the current mode of instructional delivery in institutions is face-to-face approach; many institutions have Information and Communication Technology center and institution wide internet which are not effectively utilized for instructional delivery, among numerous other findings. Among the recommendations is that teachers should be given access to the available Technology-enhanced Learning facilities in their institutions to enable them learn how to use them at their own free times. It was concluded that most VTE teachers are eager to deploy Technology-enhanced Learning tools for instructional delivery but some institutional supports they need, especially trainings are inadequate.

Extrapyramidal Symptoms and Novel Antipsychotic Drugs

One of the challenges of antipsychotic medication is the occurrence of Extrapyramidal Symptoms. These cannot be easily eliminated considering the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the established mechanism of action of classical antipsychotics. The antipsychotics help improve symptoms of schizophrenia by binding to dopamine receptors in the central nervous system and blocking dopamine. This prevents the basal ganglia from getting enough dopamine. Many drugs used in the treatment of mental disorders such as the neuroleptics and antidepressants adversely affect extrapyramidal system function, resulting in symptoms such as tremors and muscle rigidity collectively known as extrapyramidal symptoms. Treatment generally involves lowering the dose or trying a different antipsychotic but drugs may also be used specifically to treat symptoms. This review examines the attempt to eliminate extrapyramidal symptoms by generations of antipsychotic medications and their comparative efficacy in the treatment of schizophrenia. A wide internet search was carried out using keywords and phrases that include; Antipsychotics, Typical Antipsychotics, Atypical Antipsychotics, Dopaminergic, Extrapyramidal symptoms, comparative efficacy of Antipsychotics and Adverse Effect of Antipsychotics. This will further reinforce knowledge and prescription patterns for antipsychotic medications.

TIGHTLY COUPLED INDOOR POSITIONING USING UWB/MMWAVE RADAR/IMU

Abstract. The ultra-wideband (UWB)-based positioning has a wide internet of things applications such as smart medical and smart logistics, due to its high positioning accuracy. However, non-line-of-sight radio propagation degrades UWB positioning accuracy. The inertial measurement unit (IMU) can achieve positioning with high accuracy in a short time. In addition, the millimeter wave (mmWave) radar can work well in scenes such as fog, smoke, dust, and other small particles due to the longer wavelength of mmWave Radar, but the drift error of IMU and mmWave radar are all increased rapidly over time. This paper achieves the tight coupling of UWB and IMU, UWB and mmWave radar based on the extended Kalman filter, respectively. The field experiments were conducted based on a handheld platform in an indoor scene to evaluate and compare the performance of the fusion position systems; the experiment results demonstrated that the positioning accuracy by fusing UWB/IMU and UWB/mmWave was significantly higher than that of the positioning using a single sensor.

A Proposal in Creating a Semantic Repository for Digital 3D Replicas: The Case of Modernist Sculptures in Public Spaces of Rio De Janeiro

The demand for integrating and sharing heterogeneous data online has attracted the interest of cultural institutions in making information access and retrieval more effective via Semantic Web technologies. The present study proposes a digital repository for 3D scans of modernist sculptures in public spaces in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with a view to ensuring access, use, reuse and preservation of this information. This is a qualitative exploratory experimental study based on the scientific literature and specific empirical material. It presents the analysis results of vocabularies for physical artifact documents and their digital counterparts on the Semantic Web and a discussion on how these align with the nature of the metadata determined here, as well as a metadata modeling prototype implemented on the Tainacan platform and aimed at cataloging digital 3D replicas. We claim that the proposed model for documenting cultural heritage assets on Tainacan is easy to implement, in that it uses accessible technology with a wide internet user base, highly expressive in its descriptions of 3D and multimedia content and based on well-established metadata and ontology standards recommended by regulatory bodies and communities such as the World Wide Web Consortium and International Organization for Standardization. Keywords: networked heritage documents, digital repositories, 3D digitization, semantic annotation

The accounting method of secrecy properties of image in remote sensing of the Earth

Among the many ways of representing and processing space information, polygonal ones are not so often found, although polygons, as geometric means of describing spatial information objects, are very common in wide internet content. In computer games, design, even in fine art and many other applications, the polygonal description of such objects is not only widely present, but also received from developers, both theory and practical implementation, a fairly wide set of mathematical and software tools. In this article, it is proposed to extend some well-proven developments in the analysis and transformation of computer images to real digitized satellite images, as well as to use combinations of satellite processing methods and polygonal methods which are characteristic for virtual reality conditions. In addition, the paper provides approaches for detecting hidden and being hidden artifacts – information bookmarks. The definitions of the main directions of intel-latency are given, as an important property of complex images of the Earth’s surface obtained during space monitoring of problem-oriented territories. A variant of the classification of the types of manifestation of this property is given, as well as its description in the language of soft models.

Research on intelligent scheduling algorithm of high altitude platform system for wide area internet of things

Research on intelligent scheduling algorithm of high altitude platform system for wide area internet of things

Cleft and COVID-19 Pandemic: Controversial Aspects of Social Distancing.

In the meantime, as COVID-19 has gone pandemic, social distancing has become inevitable; therefore, most in-person visits have been canceled to minimize the spread of the disease. This will greatly impact cleft palate patients as it will limit their chance to receive timely care and have persistent follow-up, and that could in turn delay its management so significantly that it could cause much more considerable complications. To mitigate the issue, it seems necessary to start integrating modern-day technologies into the everyday practice of physicians and to benefit from the opportunities it provides. Much of medical decision making is cognitive, and telemedicine can provide easy access to specialists who are not immediately available. With wide internet access, this task is more than feasible. Telemedicine and other modern facilities are very promising platforms that could fill the gap that has been made by social distancing. We tried to address some of these issues as well as give recommendations for possible solutions to each of them.

Cyber Attacks Mitigation: Detecting Malicious Activities in Network Traffic – A Review of Literature

Cyber-attacks are becoming more common and over the last decade, many attacks have made top news, targeting manufacturing firms and governmental organisations. Such attacks have triggered substantial financial damage and they've been trying to obstruct key public sector operations. Furthermore, as the Internet of Things (IoT) has arisen, the number of Internetconnected devices is increasingly growing and being an easy target of cyber-attacks. To counter cyber-attacks, information security researchers rely extensively on intrusion detection systems (IDSs) that can identify suspicious activities by comparing patterns of documented attacks or detecting anomaly-based activities. This survey aims to tackle Trust, Protection, identification and activity on wide scale networks and Internet of Things. The proposed research aims at developing a practically deployable cyber security solution to one or more of the cyber-attacks. Multi-Stage Attacks (MSAs), APT, DoS attacks, wireless injection attacks, botnets or other malicious activities will be investigated. In this literature survey, we are highlighting the work Performed throughout the area of cyber security by various researchers, various types of cyber-attacks and its stages, various approaches to prevent cyber-attacks, different challenges faced by a preventer, and some gaps in the research. This literature review is carried out by using the secondary data obtained from peer-reviewed journals and other sources on the web. This review aims to explain Detecting Malicious Activities in Network Traffic.

Genetic algorithm for intrusion detection system in computer network

<span>Internet connection nowadays has become one of the essential requirements to execute our daily activities effectively. Among the major applications of wide Internet connections is local area network (LAN) which connects all internet-enabled devices in a small-scale area such as office building, computer lab etc. This connection will allow legit user to access the resources of the network anywhere as long as authorization is acquired. However, this might be seen as opportunities for some people to illegally access the network. Hence, the occurrence of network hacking and privacy breach. Therefore, it is very vital for a computer network administrator to install a very protective and effective method to detect any network intrusion and, secondly to protect the network from illegal access that can compromise the security of the resources in the network. These resources include sensitive and confidential information that could jeopardise someone’s life or sovereignty of a country if manipulated by wrong hands. In Network Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) framework, apart from detecting unauthorized access, it is equally important to recognize the type of intrusions in order for the necessary precautions and preventive measures to take place. This paper presents the application of Genetic Algorithm (GA) and its steps in performing intrusion detection process. Standard benchmark dataset known as KDD’99 cup was utilized with forty-one distinctive features representing the identity of network connections. Results presented demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and warrant good research focus as it promises exciting discovery in solving similar-patent of problems. </span>

Modified Cosine Similarity Measure based Data Classification in Data Mining

Text data analytics became an integral part of World Wide Web data management and Internet based applications rapidly growing all over the world. E-commerce applications are growing exponentially in the business field and the competitors in the E-commerce are gradually increasing many machine learning techniques for predicting business related operations with the aim of increasing the product sales to the greater extent. Usage of similarity measures is inevitable in modern day to day real applications. Cosine similarity plays a dominant role in text data mining applications such as text classification, clustering, querying, and searching and so on. A modified clustering based cosine similarity measure called MCS is proposed in this paper for data classification. The proposed method is experimentally verified by employing many UCI machine learning datasets involving categorical attributes. The proposed method is superior in producing more accurate classification results in majority of experiments conducted on the UCI machine learning datasets.

On Max–Min Throughput in Backscatter-Assisted Wirelessly Powered IoT

Backscatter communication can potentially find wide Internet of Things (IoT) applications because of its negligible energy consumption. Traditional backscatter communication relies on either dedicated radio-frequency (RF) sources, such as RF identification readers and power beacons, or ambient RF sources, e.g., TV and cellular signals. In this article, we study a backscatter-assisted wirelessly powered IoT system where devices can backscatter when nearby devices are actively transmitting via RF. Our objective is to determine the transmission schedule for all devices that maximizes the minimum system throughput. We formulate such a scheduling problem as a linear program for both linear and random networks. A key step in the formulation is to identify the groups of devices that can simultaneously backscatter without causing interference. Simulation results show that the max-min system throughput in linear and random networks can be increased by 46 and 180 times, respectively, by using the proposed backscatter-assisted schedule as compared with the traditional time-division multiple access (TDMA).

An Emerging Trend - ADR Mechanism in IPR Conflicts

India is country habitants having many religion and cultures, since centuries habitants of India has evolved with several forms of dispute resolution mechanisms and over period of time, they have customized, varied according to needs. Even though Britisher’s rulers had left Indian shores almost half a century ago, still several of these laws exist till date without any major changes. Wide Internet usage has rendered boundaries of the states meaningless. The people across the globe have realized its potentiality as an effective tool for communication, dissemination of information and e-commerce and enjoying to unrestricted access to multifarious interactions, transactions inevitably thereby raising many new issues in the nature of e-disputes to virtual sale/purchase of products through e-auctions or otherwise, domain disputes, trademark infringement, patents, software infringement, copyright, defamatory writings, fraud, privacy, etc. In this scenario the Intellectual Property Rights are becoming fundamentally exigent to get in to research collaborations and thereby making Intellectual property rights tool as valuable business assets for technological entities. The people across world over frequently involve in cross-border transactions having different backgrounds and different national laws or within different states of India. Some time disputable transactions create multi-jurisdictional disputes between the nationalities of different countries having different social backgrounds, mindsets. Usually those business entities having familiarity with alternative dispute resolution (ADR) are able to resolve such conflicts efficiently. As the determination of commercial or non commercial disputes before different national courts can result in to high legal and other costs as well as conflicting awards. Therefore, the ADR has a potential to provide business entities belonging to distinct nationalities a single unified forum of arbitration thereby having a final and enforceable award binding across multiple jurisdictions. Hence, increasingly, IP owners and users are approaching to many of known alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedures like arbitration and mediation to resolve their IP disputes. In this scenario the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) has been playing pivotal role since i ts inception in strengthening ADR procedures for IP conflicts and forefront in resolving IP conflicts through their specialized ADR procedures. The Intellectual Property conflicts are not that conflicts which cannot be adjudicated or resolved through ADR. As Intellectual Property conflicts being a specialised in its nature and it require specialised services of ADR experts in resolving IP conflicts, mainly due to non availability of IP experts in India is the main obstacle in resolving IP conflict through arbitration or through ADR. Thus, like any other emerging field of law, IP conflict resolution also has a plenty of debatable issues before it. In this research paper, It will be my endeavor to delve deep into these issues like amongst mainly i) Whether ADR: arbitration and mediation can be real alternative to IP disputes litigation, ii ) whether IP right disputes like any other commercial disputes can be brought under ADR procedure or not If so, to what extent?. iii) When is ADR to be preferred, when is it to be avoided; and, if ADR is preferred, what form of ADR should be pursued? iv) Whether, an alternative dispute resolution procedure can play effective role in resolving IP conflicts if so to what extent? v) Whether the parties to IP conflicts can reap overall benefits by invoking ADR procedures in comparison to traditional litigation, if so, to what extent? vi) Whether the use of a private consensual mechanism like arbitration or mediation procedures pose any threat to the resolution of such specialised disputes, if so, to what extent?

THE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS AUTHENTIC MATERIALS FOR READING AND LISTENING ACTIVITIES

Abstract This paper was aimed at investigating the students’ perceptions towards authentic materials in reading and listening activities. In addition, this study also surveyed the students’ preferred materials for both listening and reading activities for future classes. The learning of English has been evolving from using traditional media to more advanced and technology-friendly media. One of the media that is very accessible with the support of wide internet access nowadays is online authentic materials. With all the benefits of authentic materials and the use of technology in classroom activities, an English teacher at SMAN 10 Samarinda had been utilizing authentic materials for the past semester. A case study design was employed. The case was considered unique that the school is eminence with good student intake and the quality of student outcomes in academic achievement. Based on a pilot study, there was a need of supplementing the materials with authentic texts. It was for three reasons; first, there was tendency from the students to underestimate the lesson because the lesson, for them, was easy. Second, the book was not enough to prepare them for the national exam (UN) and real communication. Third, they often ran out of materials when they only used the students’ book. The data was collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interview. The questionnaires were spread to 50 high school students from 2 accessible classes at the institution. After that, the data was analyzed. First findings from the questionnaire became the base for developing interview sessions with the students to get in-depth perspective of certain answers from them. The findings of how the students perceive the use of authentic materials were discussed. Finally, some suggestions to related significance were also proposed. Keywords: Authentic Materials, Listening, Reading

Problems of Economic Security for Digital Society in the Context of Globalization

The purpose of the study is to systematize the challenges of the public economic security in the context of the development of global digitalization. The paper shows that the priority task of economic security, particularly notable in the rapidly changing conditions of today’s globalized world, is to predict the challenges and threats of general digitalization. We have highlighted the features of the digital economy development, which include the intellectual assets, the increase of the relevance of data, network management, wide Internet penetration as well as global data exchange. In the conditions of the digital economy, we have grouped the issues of economic security on system, structural and sectoral problems, as well as the problems of enterprises and individuals. The main problems of economic security are the issues of «digital inequality», a lack of own element base, changes in the labour market, industrial intelligence, personal data manipulation, etc. We have found tools for solving the issues of digital society. These tools include digital platforms for the development of «shared economy», as well as cloud technologies and methods for processing large databases. The Network Readiness Index is a tool for monitoring the development of network digital society. We have formulated the principles for constructing systems for the development of skills, which allow solving the problems of the public economic security in the conditions of digitalization. These principles include the rational use of resources combining short-term and long-term development goals, lifelong learning, consistency, unified approach to management at different levels as well as involvement stakeholders in the process of digitalization. The results of this paper can be useful to public authorities for the development of the principles of digital economy management, as well as to the representatives of scientific community for the study of the economic security issues in the conditions of digital society development.

Social Media and OPSEC / An Analysis through Sociology of Security

When virtual social relations and online interactions have increased in our age media also had a transformation. Social media is a phenomenon which came with wide usage of internet by modern society and individuals. On the one hand it has created opportunities for a more democratic way of communication, participation and dialogue between members of different socio-cultural groups, communities, friends and family members, colleagues, Etc.; on the other hand this new version of media has caused criminal risks, security gaps and vulnerabilities to contemporary threats varied from fraud to cyber-attacks, terrorism, identity theft, ransomwares and so on. Even “old types” of crimes in real life can begin from social media and virtual reality. All these problems are related to several subdisciplines of sociology: sociology of communication, sociology of crime, sociology of security are among them. In this paper we will analyze the topic though sociology of security’s prism. Also, we will discuss what can be the functionality of OPSEC as a measure, which has military background and widely used later on by civilian sectors including corporate security as well.

ДИСКУРС БРЕНДУ ALAIN DUCASSE У СУЧАСНОМУ МЕДІАПРОСТОРІ

The paper is devoted to analyzing of the media brand routine’s socio discourse characteristics, where a brand embodied in the complex of strategic ideas. It is pointed that the use of the virtual media sphere is an essential tool for business strategies implementation. Social interaction as a discourse activity, taking place regarding to the brand in media space, is considered as an integral and discursive formation made up of the discursive practices’ system. Using concepts of discursive practices, discursive actors, and discourse communities allows rendering discursive brand communication in terms of Le Groupe Ducasse project. Discourse communities are identified according to discursive roles. Taking into consideration activity identifiers, all discursive practices can be divided into two major groups: brand-efferent and brend-afferent. Two types of discursive roles are specified: socio-categorical and situational. Socio-categorical roles, characterized by communicative behavioural stereotypes, are constant, developed according to socio-professional communities, and have afferent background. The brand’s leader, community of people involved with it, community of food experts, connoisseurs, and journalists are among them. Situational character of discursive roles is common for the representatives of the wide Internet community: consumers, potential customers, situational communicators. Brand discourse has interdiscursive character, and considered to be an activity directed discourse, while discursive practices help to implement the main strategic goal of image formation.

A Dynamic Approach to Estimate Receiving Bandwidth for WebRTC

Web Real-Time Communication (WebRTC), drafted by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), enables direct browser-to-browser real-time communication. As its congestion control mechanism, WebRTC uses the Google Congestion Control (GCC) algorithm. But using GCC will limit WebRTC's performance in cases of overusing due to using a fixed decreasing factor, known as alpha (a). In this paper, the authors propose a dynamic alpha model to reduce the receiving bandwidth estimate during overuse as indicated by the overuse detector. Using their proposed model, the receiver can more efficiently estimate its receiving rate in case of overuse. They implemented their model over both unconstrained and constrained networks. Experimental results show noticeable improvements in terms of higher incoming rate, lower Round-Trip Time, and lower packet loss compared to the fixed alpha model.