Whole Process Of Construction Research Articles

Research on the development trend of green building in China from the perspective of patent

Based on Innojoy patent search engine, this paper analyzes the patent type, technical fields, innovation activity, life cycle and patent value of green building in China. The development trend of green building in China is summarized. Suggestions were put forward to promote the development of China’s green building industry. It is found that the overall development trend of China’s green building is good, and it is in the growth stage of the technology life cycle, and the development potential is huge. Green building gradually runs through the whole process of construction, and the application scope continues to expand. Technological innovation is the core driving force for the development of green building.

Study on the influence of non‐load effects during the whole process of construction of setback super‐tall structures

SummaryThe mechanical characteristics of the setback super‐tall structure are complex, and the design is difficult. In the actual analysis and design process, the relevant influencing factors should be fully considered. In this paper, the fine construction simulation analysis of the super‐tall structure is carried out. Based on the shrinkage test of concrete members, the CEB‐FIP 90 shrinkage model is modified in terms of the parameters of cross‐section shape and size. The modified model is used to calculate the shrinkage strain of concrete, and the influence of uneven settlement of foundation and seasonal temperature on the structure is considered in the construction simulation analysis. The influence proportion of each non‐load effect on the horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, and internal force of key components is obtained. The refined construction analysis results are compared with the field monitoring data, and the data are in good agreement.

Research on intelligent compaction stiffness index and its application based on three-degree-of-freedom elastic–plastic dynamical model

CMV (Compaction Meter Value) and stiffness coefficient ks are the two most commonly used indexes in the intelligent compaction technology for subgrade soil. However, the applicability of CMV is affected by the operation mode and the working parameters of the vibrating roller. The calculation model of stiffness coefficient ks does not consider the plastic characteristics of the soil and the data usage rate of its calculation method is low. As a result, the current ICMVs (intelligent compaction measurement values) are only applicable to the compaction quality characterization in the later stage of compaction, and the accuracy and applicability of the compaction quality characterization in the whole process of construction are low, which limits the application of intelligent compaction technology. In view of the above problems, this paper aims to establish a comprehensive stiffness coefficient index which is not affected by the operation mode of the roller, comprehensively reflects the elastic–plastic mechanical properties and has strong resistance to accidental factors, in order to provide an accurate basis for the characterization of subgrade soil compaction quality. Firstly, a numerical simulation model of subgrade soil vibrating compaction with real-time change of soil Mohr-Coulomb model parameters with triaxial strain response is established, which provides accurate data support for ICMV calculation. Secondly, the calculation model and application method of CMV and ks are analyzed. Aiming at the shortcomings of the two indexes, the comprehensive stiffness coefficient kcs reflecting the elastic–plastic characteristics of soil and its complete calculation method are established. Finally, based on the simulation data, the accuracy of kcs is verified, and the variation law of the kcs calculation model parameters and the evolution mechanism of soil elastic–plastic properties are clarified. Based on the field tests data, the accuracy of kcs is verified. The results show that the deciding coefficients between kcs and compaction degree obtained by numerical simulation and field test are R2 = 0.83 and R2 = 0.72, respectively, which are higher than that between ks and compaction degree (R2 = 0.72, R2 = 0.52) and that between CMV and compaction degree (R2 = 0.04, R2 = 0.23). The accuracy of kcs to characterize compaction quality is higher, and it can maintain high stability during field application. During the compaction process, the elastic–plastic mechanical properties of subgrade soil evolve continuously, and each parameter of kcs calculation model increases with the rolling pass.

Colors as Gender Markers: A corpus based Critical Study of English Novels by Pakistani Female Writers

The present study aims at investigating a discursive role of colors in the construction of gender identities in the selected corpus of English novels by Pakistani females. It focuses on understanding the mechanism which contributes to construe, challenge or reinforce the traditional gender images in Pakistani society. A corpus-based critical approach was employed to demystify the constructed gender structures in the web of texts selected for this study. The research finds a significant relationship between color association and the constitution of gender images. Some colors are presented as permanent features of one gender which cannot be seen otherwise. Some bright colors like pink, yellow, purple, green, orange have been predominantly associated with females and sober and decent ones like brown, gray, khaki have been associated with males. These color connotations are employed to create and reinforce gender identities of the characters, their traits, and their behaviors. The whole process of construction is executed by employing language as discursive and strategic tool in a specific sociopolitical context of Pakistani society.

Study on optimization of pouring time for late poured band

The setting of the late poured band is an effective measure to control the differential settlement and the stress concentration of the foundation. However, the lag of the pouring time of the late poured band will also bring adverse effects to the construction process. Taking a large commercial complex as an example, Midas GTS NX finite element software is used for the overall foundation modeling, and the collaborative calculation of settlement is carried out by adjusting the composite foundation scheme. The calculation results of conventional codes are compared and analyzed, and the scheme is verified and optimized. Then, the variation value of differential settlement on both sides of the late poured band with loading is studied by simulating the graded loading of each area in the whole process of construction. By comparing the variation value of differential settlement and the calculation value of differential deformation that the stiffness of the late poured band can resist and the limit value of codes, the time node of late poured band pouring in advance can be obtained, and finally the influence of early pouring of the late poured band on the collaborative settlement of the foundation is verified and calculated. The results show that: the settlement calculation of finite element analysis is generally smaller than that of standard calculation; The settlement at the edge of the raft is small, and the settlement at the center of the raft and the places with large load is large; Considering the interaction of the whole raft and subgrade under the raft, this method can verify and optimize the design scheme of composite foundation and save the pouring time of the late poured band. The experience and achievements so made can be used as a reference for similar projects.

Role of Geotechnical Engineering in BIM process modelling

BIM “Building Information Model” creates a significant step forward in the whole process of construction. The role of geotechnical engineering will be shown as for classical building engineering so for civil engineering structures. In the first case all upper structures are in interaction with ground (subsoil), when foundation structures are basic element of this interaction. The 3D Ground model and 3D Foundation structure model create therefore one of the first individual parametric elements around basic (coordinating) BIM model. Some specificity will be shown as the impact of step by step creation (nD dimension) of the Ground model for the earliest building conception. Roughly the same is valid for civil engineering structures. Some specificity will be shown for earth structures of transport engineering, as a selection of borrow pit, definition of soil compaction for fill, fill compaction or any other methods of soil improvement and its control as they create important elements for the safe and optimal embankment design and performance. Final 3D Ground model together with 3D Geotechnical structure model (real performance) create the important base for the future decision making, when some changes will occur.

Mechanical Characteristic Analysis of Corrugated Steel Webs Using Asynchronous Construction Technology

for application and populization of the corrugated steel web PC composite box-girder bridge, a new asynchronous cantilever construction method was proposed to reflect the social and economic benefits of this type bridge in short term. In this paper, comparisons of the construction process and economic indexes between the traditional hanging basket cantilever construction method and the asynchronous cantilever method. Combination of the large finite element program ANSYS, a fine finite element model of the studied bridge was built, some analysis of the bridge structure were conducted for the whole process of construction, the calculation results were compared with the field testing data by the real-time monitored stress and displacement. The results indicated that the process of asynchronous cantilever construction method is simple and clear, the construction period is short and the economic indicator is high. This proposed asynchronous cantilever construction method is far superior to the traditional hanging basket cantilever construction method. The deformation and stress of structure were varied in a reasonable and safety range during the construction for the proposed method. The structural stress distribution of the proposed method is more reasonable than that of the traditional hanging basket cantilever construction method.

On estimating the amount of fuel and energy consumable in the process of mechanized work performance within the framework of low-rise construction

Introduction. Low-rise housing construction is an area that has extensive potential in Russia. One of the top-priority objectives, pursued by public politicians in the Russian Federation, is to improve the energy efficiency of versatile branches of the national economy. Given the fact that the building construction, representing a comparatively short stage in the building’s life cycle, is energy consuming, energy saving in the process of construction turns particularly relevant. Prevailing manual labour and low-capacity construction machinery substantially reduce power consumption at the stage of low-rise housing construction. Widely spread low-rise construction technologies and consequent discrepancies in structural and technological solutions determine the mode of operation, numbers and the engineering performance of construction machines. Hence, energy resources, to be consumed in the process of mechanized work performance on a construction site, is projected, and these projections may differ. As for the rational expenditure of resources, consumption of fuel and energy can be expediently planned at the stage of construction project scheduling.
 Materials and methods. The co-authors have analyzed scientific publications focused on the subject of research, applied organizational and construction process patterns developed in the form of work performance schedules needed to regulate fuel consumption in the process of mechanized work performance, whenever low-rise construction technologies are used.
 Results. The co-authors offer a set of instruments, designated for the calculation of fuel consumption in the process of mechanized work performance, whenever low-rise construction technologies are used.
 Conclusions. At the project planning stage, the fuel consumption rate analysis, applicable to construction machines and mechanisms, enables to (1) project the amount of fuel consumed in the course of specific construction works performed within the framework of the whole process of construction, (2) to identify technologies and mechanized units which are most rational in terms of power consumption.

Application of BIM Technology in Calculation of a Residential Building

This article summarizes some disadvantages that arise when not using BIM technology modeling to make engineering budgets. For example, traditional calculations are calculated manually by using two-dimensional maps so that the efficiency is low, repetitive modeling rates are high by using general modeling software to modeling, and the reuse rate of the built model is low, the model is not built accurately, and the model information cannot be shared. All the above disadvantages lead to inaccurate calculation of the engineering, and in the whole process of construction of the engineering, the participants of each engineering cannot contact and coordinate the work closely, resulting in serious waste of resources and seriously harming the interests of all parties so that the construction progress of the project is seriously affected. However, using the model built by BIM calculation software to solve the above problems can effectively solve the above problems, and make a great contribution to the development and innovation of engineering cost.

Study on the Quality Management of Building Electricity Engineering Construction in the Whole Process

With the progress of science and technology, people use more and more types of electrical equipment and the functions are more and more complicated, which put forward higher requirements on the construction quality of electrical construction. If you ignore some of the necessary quality requirements and violate the specification of operation in the process of building electrical construction, that will bring great security risks and resulting in huge economic losses, even endanger personal safety. Manage and control construction quality of building electrical construction must be carried out throughout the whole process of construction. According to the construction characteristics of building electrical construction, this article analyze the construction details that are easy to be ignored but very important in the construction, based on management theory and put forward the methods of quality management in the whole process of building electrical construction. This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.

Quantifying the embodied carbon of a low energy alternative method of construction (amc) house in nigeria

CO2 is a chemical compound in the process of climate change and the main cause of global warming. Efforts at arresting global warming, is to achieve the goal of carbon reduction or elimination. Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions are a global issue dominated by emission of CO2. Residential buildings contribute to climate change through carbon emission to the environment in the building procurement process and utilization. The present study is aimed at allowing for required support to the decision-making process of residential building design and construction. To this goal, the study assesses the Embodied Carbon (EC) of Whole Process of Construction (WPC) for the building. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework approach to a Low Income House (LIH) was adopted using process-based analysis method and Bath Inventory of Carbon and Energy (ICE). The findings reveal that the EC for the Alternative Method of Construction (AMC) stabilizeclay block house is 16,175.67 kg CO2 (234.43 kg/m2). Even though, these findings cannot be generalized, butshows the significance of considering EC in making alternative choice for use in different building projects. Decarbonize schemes should be directed at the buildings’ EC emissions. The best answer will be accomplished if the decarbonize attempts are aggregated with the prosperous and natural carbon sinks that exist in the context of this study.

MANAJEMEN RISIKO DALAM PROSES ESTIMASI BIAYA PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG BERTINGKAT DI KOTA DENPASAR

Abstract : On the implementation of the construction project, financing is the main consideration due to the number of large and vulnerable to various risks. Cost control is the beginning of the estimates. An inaccurate estimation could have a negative impact on the whole process of construction. Because of estimation is reference in preparing the budget and used as control of the cost of projects, then required to major risk analysis that can be used as a basis in the mitigation. This research was conducted with qualitative descriptive method by interviews and survey. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to the respondents using purposive sampling method, which simply selecting respondents who were competent and expert about the possible risks. The number of respondents was 25 who represent 8 construction project belonging to the government which is located in Denpasar. The results showed that there were 40 risks identified, from literature identified 16 risks and from brainstorming identified 24 risks. Than from 40 risks there are 34 major risks which was 9 risks classified as unacceptable and 25 risks classified as undesirable. Most dominant risks were the risks of estimator team and project. There were 16 mitigation measures at an unacceptable risk and 41 mitigitation measures at an undesirable risk. Most dominant risks were the risks of contractors and owner.

LNG低温储罐罐壁保冷施工技术研究

LNG低温储罐的保冷施工是罐体施工的关键工序，而罐壁的保冷施工既是保冷施工的重点也是施工难点。罐壁保冷层具有结构设计复杂、高空作业多、安装标准高的特点，在施工中要严格遵循规定的程序和技术要求，而施工全程的安全高效、施工的质量控制等问题的解决是LNG低温储罐罐壁保冷工作顺利实施的重要保证。文章以模拟LNG低温储罐罐壁空间进行保冷施工为例，对罐壁保冷层的结构特点、施工顺序、施工方法等内容进行详细叙述。 The cold insulation construction of LNG low-temperature storage tank is the key process of construction of tank shell and the cold insulation construction of tank wall is both key point and difficult point of cold insulation construction. The cold insulation layer of tank wall is with characteristics of complicated structure design, frequent overhead operation and high-standard installation, strictly abiding by stipulated procedure and technique requirements during construction. And solution to problems of safety and high efficiency during whole process of construction and control of construction quality is important guarantee of carrying out cold insulation construction of LNG low-temperature storage tank wall smoothly. This paper cites simulation of cold insulation of LNG low-temperature storage tank wall as example and describes detail contents of structure characteristics of cold insulation layer of tank wall, construction procedure and construction methods.

Application of Computer and Information Technology in the Dormitory Management

The dormitory management information system is designed based on the basic principle of MIS and database implementation techniques. The design mainly uses the C/S model, and the development tools are Delphi and the Microsoft Access. From the system demand analysis to the function module design and the database design, to system interface, the whole process of construction of dormitory management information system is introduces in detail.

The nature, characteristics and ten strategies of learning organization

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to grasp the nature, characteristics and strategies of learning organization so as to construct a learning CCP organization, a learning team and a learning society. Design/methodology/approach – Based on the nature and characteristics of learning organization, this paper proposes ten effective strategies to construct learning organization in China. Findings – This paper proposed ten strategies to construct a learning organization: to construct learning group of leaders; to deliver mission, stimulate aspirations and overcome self-transcendence; to learn comprehensively and change mental models; to promote deep dialogue and expand organizational capacity; to learn at work and work in learning and put learning into practice through solving problems; to eliminate the obstacles of learning and improve the effectiveness; to establish a dynamic model of learning – research – innovation; to make a long-term plan, move forwards step by step and promote sustainable development; to implement evaluation during the whole process of construction; to conduct trial implementation. Practical implications – As well, there are some effective strategies and methods of constructing a learning organization, such as the enhancement of learning leaders, the establishment of a pilot group, the improvement of the mental models in learning, the promotion of the dialogue to expand the organizational capacity, learning at work and the work in learning, the establishment of “three in one” work model of learning – research – innovation, the promotion of the construction through evaluations and a long-term stage to promote sustainable development. Originality/value – Learning organization is not only a new form of the organization, but it is also a leadership strategy that advances the healthy and sustainable development of the organization. Moreover, it is a culture of the organization that enhances organizational learning, improves mental models, increases organizational intelligence quotient and emotional quotient, and the ability of creating the future.

Analytical prediction for tunnelling-induced ground movements in sands considering disturbance

Construction inevitably leads to the disturbance to soils, which will change the properties of soils. Therefore, the physical and mechanical parameters obtained by the laboratory tests only reflect the properties of soils at a certain state, but not the true properties of soils during the whole process of construction. It is found that the initial relative density has a strong effect on the strength-deformation properties of sands on basis of a total of twenty-four triaxial compressed tests of dry sands. Based on Disturbed State Concept theory (Desai, 1974), a unified disturbance function is proposed by taking the relative density as the disturbance parameter. Furthermore, a novel approach that related the shear modulus with the degree of disturbance is developed. Then, according to former studies (Kondner and Zelasko, 1963; Kondner and Horner, 1965) and the proposed approach an analytical solution for ground movements considering construction disturbance is established. To study the validity of the proposed analytical solution one example is analyzed. It is found that both the positive (decrease in relative density) and negative (increase in relative density) disturbance have an obvious influence on the ground movements of the soil around the tunnel. The construction disturbance should be considered in predicting the ground movements by using the analytical solution.

A 3D analyzer for BIM-enabled Life Cycle Assessment of the whole process of construction

Being responsible for 38% of total carbon dioxide emissions in the United States, the building industry is in need of a tool to assess and reduce its impact on environment and human health. This article presents a prototype software for 3D analysis of life cycle assessment (LCA) of the whole process of construction. By considering the whole life cycle, this approach avoids shifting environmental problems from one phase to another. The accuracy of LCA substantially depends on the quality and availability of data from all phases of a building. To better manage and communicate data, presented prototype adopts industry foundation classes-based building information modeling, which also allows users to work with a 3D model of the building and analyze its environmental impact interactively.

Analysis on Effect of Tunnel Crossing Underneath Foundation of Tall Buildings on Anti-Seismic Mortar Anchor in Weathered Rock Area

Depending on a project of constructing a tunnel of high-speed railway which crosses underneath the foundation of tall buildings in weathered rock area, the paper analyzes the failure process and its law of anti-seismic mortar anchors under the foundation of tall buildings by simulating the whole process of construction with finite element model. Then the coverage scope, influence rules and extent of tunnel excavation on the anti-pulling effect and stability of mortar anchors are analyzed according to the changes of lateral pressure and axial force of anti-seismic mortar anchors before and after construction. The results show that the influence area can be divided into three parts， of which the main area where the anti-seismic mortar anchors are badly affected is on the top of the tunnel and extends horizontally to a certain range. Finally, the paper gives an applicable method to estimate the area where the anti-seismic mortar anchors should be strengthened by grouting, which also applies to the similar projects in weathered rock area.

Elementary Introduction to the Green Management of the Construction in Whole Process

Construction industries consume more energy resources than necessary. it is essential to establish a management system with all pollution problems resolved to construct green buildings. By applying the theory of whole life cycle, this paper divides the whole process of construction into four sub-phases, which will also be subdivided into more concrete working procedures. Based on this, a systematic framework is promoted for the green management of the construction, especially and creatively, considering the green aims as important as the traditional three aims-“quality aim, schedule aim and cost aim”. This framework, adhering to the integration idea-“customers first, whole optimal”, regards the green control and workflow as an organic whole in order to build green, sustainable and healthy architecture, and then provide a perfect guide and reference to the green management.

Analysis on Effect of Tunnel Crossing Underneath Foundation of Tall Buildings on Anti-Seismic Mortar Anchor in Weathered Rock Area

Depending on a project of constructing a tunnel of high-speed railway which crosses underneath the foundation of tall buildings in weathered rock area, the paper analyzes the failure process and its law of anti-seismic mortar anchors under the foundation of tall buildings by simulating the whole process of construction with finite element model. Then the coverage scope, influence rules and extent of tunnel excavation on the anti-pulling effect and stability of mortar anchors are analyzed according to the changes of lateral pressure and axial force of anti-seismic mortar anchors before and after construction. The results show that the influence area can be divided into three parts， of which the main area where the anti-seismic mortar anchors are badly affected is on the top of the tunnel and extends horizontally to a certain range. Finally, the paper gives an applicable method to estimate the area where the anti-seismic mortar anchors should be strengthened by grouting, which also applies to the similar projects in weathered rock area.