White Ridge Research Articles

Familial case of Darier’s disease: A rare genodermatosis

Darier’s disease, also known as keratosis follicularis is a rare autosomal dominant inherited genodermatosis characterized by abnormal keratinization . A 39-year old non-diabetic, normotensive man presented to dermatology OPD with discretely distributed dark brown greasy, warty, malodorous, hyperkeratotic papules over his whole body for last 15 years. He has two young daughters and both has started initial stage of similar lesions for last 6 months. Characteristic v-shaped nicking at the tip of the nails with longitudinal red & white ridges were seen. Nails at the distal ends were broken. Biopsy of skin for histopathological examination showed more specific and confirmatory ‘corps ronds and grains’. This article reports a case of familial darier’s disease. Good improvement was noticed after acitretin therapy.
 Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2020; 8(1): 55-57

As-cast microstructure characteristics dependent on solidification mode in TiAl-Nb alloys

In this work, as-cast microstructure characteristics are identified for the TiAl–Nb alloys with four typical solidification modes, namely, single β (B mode), hypo-peritectic (BA mode), hyper-peritectic (BAA mode) and single α (A mode) solidification. B mode alloys are chemically more homogeneous, and they show netty white ridge β-segregation and fine equiaxed lamellar grains compared to the other three mode alloys due to the β→α solid-phase transformation. Increasing Nb addition decreases the size of primary β dendrite and thus decreases the lamellar colony size of the B mode alloy. In BA and BAA mode alloys, much higher Al-segregation and worm-like β-segregation are formed in the interdendritic and dendritic regions, respectively. The low fraction and rapid growth of primary β dendrite in liquid and the subsequent peritectic α growth are responsible for the sharp casting texture and coarse lamellar colonies. A mode alloy is characterized by the columnar colony and weak casting texture due to the rapid growth of primary α dendrite accompanied by the lack of solid-state transformation refinement. As-cast microstructure evolution during cooling that depends on the phase transition sequence in the TiAl–Nb alloys with different solidification modes will also be proposed.

A clinical study of Aicardi syndrome in Northern Ireland: the spectrum of ophthalmic findings

PurposeAicardi syndrome is a rare disorder, affecting ~1 in 100 000 live births. Chorioretinal lacunae feature alongside agenesis of the corpus callosum and spasms in flexion to make up a diagnostic triad. Recently ophthalmic findings such as microphthalmia and optic disc anomalies have been recognised in association with Aicardi syndrome. This population study aims to determine the presence of ocular findings and identifies some novel associations in these patients.MethodsA retrospective review of charts for seven patients with Aicardi syndrome was carried out.ResultsThe incidence of Aicardi syndrome in Northern Ireland was found to be 1 in 110 000 live births. Four patients who had microphthalmus also had iris abnormalities; two patients with bilateral microphthalmus had partial aniridia and two patients with unilateral microphthalmus had iris coloboma in the same eye. Optic disc abnormalities were found in 11 eyes of six patients. Two patients were found to have areas of fibrovascular proliferation with a thickened white ridge and avascular zone beyond. Both of these patients developed retinal detachments.ConclusionsOur review of patients with Aicardi syndrome in Northern Ireland has revealed some novel clinical findings, including aniridia in two cases. We also found a higher than previously reported rate of excavated disc anomalies of 50% in our cohort. We found two cases of peripheral retinal dysplasia, which has not been previously reported. This finding was associated with microphthalmus and severe optic disc abnormalities, and we feel this warrants early EUA to enable early treatment and hopefully result in better visual prognosis.

Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network in Classifying Gender using Fingerprint Global Level Features

Background/Objective: A new algorithms of gender classification from fingerprint is proposed based on Acree 25mm2 square area. The classification is achieved by extracting the global features from fingerprint images which is Ridge Density, Ridge Thickness to Valley Thickness Ratio (RTVTR) and White Lines Count. The objective of this study to test the effectiveness of the this new algorithm by looking the classification rate. Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network (MLPNN) used as a classifier. Methods: This new algorithm is tested with a database of 3000 fingerprint in which 1430 were male fingerprint and 1570 were female fingerprints. Classification part is tested with different test option. Findings: This study found that women tends to have higher Ridge Density, higher white lines count and higher ridge thickness to valley thickness ratio compared to male same as the previous study. Therefore, we can conclude that this new algorithm is very efficient and effective in classifying gender. Conclusion: The overall classification rate is 97.25% has been achieved

A prospective study of the origin of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the esophageal mucosa:result from a high risk area of esophageal cancer in China during a 15-year follow up (1987 - 2002)

The aim of this study was to observe the association between the occurrence of esophageal cancer lesions and esophageal mucosa fold (white ridges), and further identify where is the initial origin of esophageal cancer lesions in the esophagus mucosa. This was a cohort study which recruited 551 subjects underwent endoscopic examination in a high risk area of esophageal cancer in Linxian, Henan Province in 1987. 339 subjects with esophageal white ridges, and with red area or erosion lesion at the surface of the white ridges, was studied as exposure group. Other 212 subjects whose esophagus had no white ridges and pathological diagnosis was negative, was studied as control group. The endpoint was occurrence of pathologically confirmed esophageal cancer. After a 15-year follow-up, the results were compared between two groups. Among the 551 subjects, there were 339 cases with esophageal mucosal white ridges in the exposure group. During the period of 15 year follow-up, the incidence of esophageal cancer was 11.8% (9/76) in 76 case with simple mucosal white ridges, 33.5% (88/263) in 263 subjects with white ridges and red area, or erosions on the surface of white ridge. While only 8.0% of subjects (17/212) developed esophageal cancer after the 15-year follow up in the control group. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). Esophageal mucosal white ridge, especially white ridge with red area or erosions is closely associated with subsequent esophageal cancer occurrence in the esophageal cancer high risk area in China. It is suggested that esophageal mucosa with white ridge may be the initial origin of esophageal cancer. Further investigations focused on this spot are required.

Stem anatomy of Acanthosicyos horridus (Cucurbitaceae)

The leafless, green stemmed, non-succulent plant Acanthosicyos horridus (Cucurbitaceae) is an endemic species of the foggy Namib Desert. The transverse stem section shows 15 white ridges alternately with 15 green furrows. The complete cylinder of extraxylary fibres in the primary cortex is typical of the cucumber family. Fifteen bicollateral vascular bundles each are situated in an inner and an outer circle. Secondary growth is typical for the vine type. Articulated ramified sap filled idioblasts are a special feature not described until now in A. horridus.

Ridge at internal edge of cataract incision.

A white ridge that resembled an inverted snowbank and protruded into the anterior chamber from the region of the internal lips of the cataract incision was visualized gonioscopically during and after cataract operation. Its clinical apearance and course are delineated and documented, and its importance in relation to the formation of postoperative peripheral anterior synechiae, vitreous adhesions, and hyphemas is discussed.

Drainage and Economic Development of Poles'ye, U.S.S.R.

Ip _ OLES'YE is the wide tract of swamp and forest, often known as the Pripet Marshes, lying in the west of the European U.S.S.R. It occupies the basin of the River Pripyat', right bank tributary of the Dnepr, and the watersheds with neighboring river basins. To the south the area is bounded by the northern fault edge of the Volyno-Podol'sk Upland. Northwards the forest and swamp give way to open, drier lands on the rolling, morainic country of the White Russian Ridge. On the west Poles'ye extends to the political frontier on the Bug; to the east it merges with the Middle Dnepr Lowlands. Since 1939, when the western, Polish part was acquired, the whole area has been included in the White Russian and Ukrainian Republics (Fig. 1).

Linear leukokeratosis of the tongue; an occupational mark of suckers.

A new experience in diagnosis is exhilarating even though the newness may be original only because of ignorance of the observations of others. This may be such an example but, so far as I know, a similar case has not been recorded. I had been baffled by two prominent white ridges (see photograph) on the dorsum of the tongue of a 2½-year-old boy. These ridges were located laterally and extended symmetrically in a slight arc from the anterior border of the tongue directly posteriorly for about ½ in. These had been first noticed, quite by chance, by the boy's mother three weeks prior to his being referred to me by the family physician. The lesions were apparently symptomless to the child but gave his apprehensive mother a great deal of concern. Upon scraping with a curette, I found the ridges firmly coherent to the tongue, and it was only

GEOLOGY OF THE LOS PINOS MOUNTAINS, NEW MEXICO

The Los Pinos Mountains form the southern part of a northward-trending mountain group along the Rio Grande Valley in central New Mexico. The pre-Cambrian core, the area of greatest relief, is composed of the Sias quartzite (oldest), Blue Springs muscovite schist (originally siltstones), White Ridge quartzite, and Sevilleta rhyolite, all intruded by the Los Pinos (pre-Cambrian) granite. The pre-Cambrian bedded rocks exceed 12,000 feet in thickness, of which over 4500 feet is rhyolite flows. All dip westward (average 50°), and schistosity parallels the dip. Schistosity of the Los Pinos granite (N. 20° E.) parallels that in other pre-Cambrian rocks. Granitization is pronounced along its borders, particularly along the contacts with the White Ridge quartzite. The pre-Cambrian rocks have been subjected through a long period of time to numerous environmental changes giving rise to several types of metamorphism, commonly superimposed upon one another. Early regional metamorphism is partly obliterated in thermally metamorphosed aureoles around the granite intrusions. In many zones widespread dynamic metamorphism has completely destroyed the effects of earlier regional and thermal metamorphic changes. Pennsylvanian and Permian strata unconformably overlie the pre-Cambrian rocks; they form cuestas on the east and south sides of the uplift, whereas, on the western flank, a normal fault downthrown on the west is suggested. The Pennsylvanian rocks consist of nonmarine sandstone and shale grading upward into marine limestone and shale. The latter commonly grade upward into nonmarine sandstone. Permian “red beds” (Abo sandstone) appear to lie conformably upon the Pennsylvanian. The stratigraphy is described in detail, and measured sections are given of the Derry, Des Moines, Virgil, Missouri, and Aqua Torres series. Pre-Cambrian rocks have been thrust eastward overturning the Paleozoic sediments. Such faulting (Laramide) consists of two closely spaced north-south-trending thrust slices (40–60-degree dips), the Montosa and Paloma. Some bedding-plane movements and normal faulting followed the thrusting.

Minerals, and how to Study them: a Book for Beginners in Mineralogy

A GLANCE at this volume is sufficient to show that we have here a book of the sort which is wanted for quite elementary students. A sentence chosen at random from the introductory chapter will indicate at once how it differs from the ordinary text-books, both in style and method. Speaking of the trial of hardness, the author says: “It is necessary to be sure and distinguish between a real scratch on a smooth surface and the crushing of a rough surface by the knife-edge; a very hard mineral may often be scratched in this way. The danger of making a mistake of this kind is made less if, besides the useful knife-point, the mineral be rubbed on a piece of glass; better have a piece at hand (not disfigure a window-pane). Only do not make the opposite mistake and call a white ridge left by a soft mineral on the glass, which can be easily rubbed off, a scratch.” Here is a real attempt to guide the beginner through the pitfalls which beset an unwary student; how different from the usual bald statement of facts, in which the possibility of any difficulty which may occur is not even mentioned. The same is true of the excellent chapter on blowpipe-testing; thus: “Another trial may be made with sphalerite or zinc blende, but to succeed now the mineral should be pulverised first, since it is infusible before the blowpipe, and the compound is only with difficulty decomposed on charcoal,”&c.

Art. VII.—On the Identification of Nagarahara, with reference to the Travels of Hiouen-Thsang

On leaving for India to accompany the army into Afghanistan in 1878, Colonel Yule, among other hints of places of interest of an archæological character to be looked out for, mentioned Nagarahara, the capital of the Jelalabad Valley in the Buddhist period. In the time of Hiouen-Thsang the district bore the same name as the capital, and it had no king of its own, but belonged to Kapisa, a city situated somewhere in the direction of Kabul. The district of Nagarahara extended to about 600 Chinese Li, from east to west, which would be over 100 miles. This might reach from about Jugduluck to the Khyber, so that in this last direction it would thus border on Gandara, and on the other extremity would touch Kapisa, which was also the name of the district as well as the capital of that name. The Valley of Jelalabad is small in comparison to that of the province which formerly belonged to it. From Darunta on the west to Ali-Boghan on the east is fifteen miles, but, on the left bank of the Kabul River, the flat land of Kamah extends the valley on that side, about five or six miles further to the east. The termination of the Valley at this place is called Mirza Kheyl, a white rocky ridge comes down close to the river, and there are remains of Buddhist masonry on it, with caves in the cliff below. On the right bank opposite Mirza Kheyl is Girdi Kas, which lies in a small valley at the northern end of a mass of hills which terminates the Jelalabad Valley on that side at Ali-Boghan, separating it from the Chardeh Plain, which again extends as far as Basawul. I got a kind of bird's-eye view of this one day from a spur of the Sufaid Koh, 8,000 feet high, near to Gundumuck, and the Jelalabad Valley and the Chardeh Plain seemed to be all one, the hills at Girdi Kas appearing at this distance to be only a few slight mounds lying in the middle of this space, which would be altogether about 40 miles in extent. When in the Jelalabad Valley, the Girdi Kas hills are undoubtedly the eastern barrier, while the Siah Koh Range is the western. The Siah Koh Range trends to the south-west, and then turns due west, forming a distinct barrier on the north till it is lost at Jugduluck; there are only some low-lying ridges between Futteeabad and Gundumuck, but they are so small that it might be said to be a continuous valley all the way from Ali-Boghan to the plain of Ishpan. The eastern end of the Siah Koh Range terminates at Darunta, which is the north-west corner of the Jelalabad Valley. The Kabul River, instead of going round the extreme end of this range, has, by some curious freak, found a way through the rocky ridge so close to the extremity, that it leaves only what might be called one vertebra of this stony spine beyond. The river here has formed for itself a narrow gorge through perpendicular cliffs, in which it flows, from the district of Lughman, into the level plain of the Jelalabad Valley. The Surkhab pours down from the Sufaid Koh, starting close to Sikaram, the highest point of the range, which our surveyors found to be 15,600 feet above the sea. It passes over the western end of the Ishpan plain, towards the Siah Koh Range, and it then keeps to the contour of its base all the way to the Jelalabad Valley, and joins the Kabul River about two miles below Darunta.