Wheel Patterns Research Articles

Trajectory Planning and Performance Atlases of a New Omnidirectional Conveyor

This paper proposes an omnidirectional conveyor as a novel alternative to existing omnidirectional conveyors. With a symmetric and compact layout, this new structure ensures consistent kinematics and enhanced flexibility in trajectory planning. The kinematic model of the proposed omnidirectional conveyor is developed and verified through simulation in CoppeliaSim. Four typical classes of trajectories are generated and verified in the simulation environment. Using PID control, the actual trajectories of a package on the conveyor closely match the desired trajectories. In addition, this paper outlines the workspace and corresponding wheel patterns for the conveyor, demonstrating how different supported wheel patterns emerge when packages move across various areas of the conveyor. The discussion extends to fault tolerance and obstacle avoidance, examining the workspace and wheel patterns with one or two omni wheels failed. Furthermore, this paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the feasible desired movements for the packages on the conveyor under the constrained wheel speed. This provides insights and guidance on trajectory planning and design of the conveyor.

Research on Textured Polishing Wheel (TPW) patterns for polishing dental ceramic materials in anhydrous environments

Abstract Dental ceramics commonly utilize high-hardness fused silica materials for the fabrication of inlays, crowns, and artificial dental implants, with their processing efficiency and surface roughness (Ra) directly influencing manufacturing costs and product quality. This study presents the development of a Textured Polishing Wheel (TPW) featuring three distinct surface patterns (spiral, linear, and radial), achieved through single-point diamond and pulsed laser processing techniques. It investigates the effects of these patterns on the removal rate and surface roughness (Ra) of dental ceramics during the polishing process. Results indicate that while TPW demonstrates comparable material removal depth to non-textured polishing wheels, it marginally increases surface roughness (Ra). Moreover, TPW significantly reduces burning and wear on the wheel surface during polishing. Pulsed laser ablation of TPW leads to further improvement in surface roughness, thereby enhancing the processing of dental ceramics. Experimental findings highlight the superior performance of spiral TPW, achieving a material removal rate of 4.2 μm/h and a surface roughness (Ra) of approximately 2.2 nm , thus meeting the manufacturing and functional requirements of dental ceramics.

Pola Komunikasi Tutor dengan Anak Jalanan di Sekolah Alternatif Anak Jalanan (SAAJA) Jakarta Selatan

In the context of Street Children Schools, communication is not only between parents and children but also involves interactions between children and tutors. This study aims to identify the communication patterns used by tutors with street children at the Alternative Street Children School (SAAJA) and the challenges encountered. Using a qualitative approach and descriptive method, data were collected through interviews and observations. Purposive sampling was employed to select informants, focusing on the Alternative Street Children School Foundation, Tutors Mrs. Nunung and Mrs. Iin, and the street children of SAAJA. Both primary and secondary data sources were utilized. Data analysis followed three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The study found that the wheel and star communication patterns are used by tutors at SAAJA, proving effective in the teaching process through two-way communication. Challenges faced by SAAJA include issues with teaching staff and the students' external environment. Overall, the study concludes that there is positive feedback and effective daily communication between tutors and street children during the learning process, with well-established communication patterns.

Pola Komunikasi Organisasi Alumni Syubanul Wathon (Aswa) Balapan dalam Meningkatkan Ukhuwah Islamiyah

Organizational communication patterns in the Aswa Balapan organization are related to the implementation of improving the intertwined ukhuwah islamiyah. This communication pattern is intended to understand that every organization must have its own communication pattern for the continuity of its members. So it is necessary to have the right communication pattern in Aswa Balapan. This study intends to examine the extent to which the communication patterns of the Aswa Balapan organization as an effort to increase the sense of ukhuwah islamiyah among members based on the analysis of the interactive model of the Miles and Huberman theory with descriptive qualitative methods and data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study, namely, communication patterns in the Balapan Syubanul Wathon Alumni (Aswa) organization are supported by various types of communication patterns ranging from chain, circle, wheel, and total channel patterns. The existence of symbolic interaction and the right communication flow in Aswa Balapan through various activities, such as makrab, open together, competition workshop, Aswa Balapan bersholawat. Symbolic interaction also plays an important role in building ukhuwah islamiyah bonds among Aswa Balapan members.

Adaptation of Therapeutic Communication Models between Deaf Students: A Case Study at Aluna School

The limitations of deaf children in communicating in social life can be developed through therapeutic communication carried out by therapists through AVT therapy. The purpose of this study is to describe the communication model used by deaf children at Aluna School in the school environment. The research method uses a qualitative approach with a case study method conducted in the Aluna School environment. Data collection techniques with observations, interviews and documentation. The results of this study showed that deaf children use communication patterns, namely wheel patterns, therapists as the center of attention. Deaf children in improving literacy need stimulation and the Monteasori method can be used in stimulating by converting activities carried out by deaf children into simple words, sentences and paragraphs. Therapeutic communication is carried out by therapists through AVT therapy and Montessori methods in stimulating the five senses of deaf children. Deaf children in adapting to their school environment can use total communication models, namely verbal and nonverbal in interacting with their environment, both friends, teachers, therapists and parents.

Pola Komunikasi antara Pengasuh dan Anak Asuh dalam Pembinaan Kedisiplinan Hafalan Al Qur’an di Pondok Zawiyatul Huffazh Kecamatan Air Joman

Children in the Air Joman sub-district attend school in Pondok Zawiyatul Huffazh, a non-formal education institution that teaches subjects based on the Qur'an. This pesantren emphasizes reading and memorizing the Qur'an more than anything else. Discipline in memorizing children's verses of the Qur'an is largely influenced by the communication style of caregivers and children they care for. This study focuses on communication patterns that foster discipline in memorizing the Qur'an between foster children and their caregivers, communication methods that foster discipline in memorizing the Qur'an between foster children and their caregivers, as well as supporting and inhibiting factors. patterns of communication between foster children and caregivers. Researchers used qualitative research methods in this study. where observation, interviews with various informants, and documentation were used to collect data Information collection was carried out through direct perception in the field, as well as direct inclusion with the guardians and principals of Zawiyatul Huffazh's life experiences. In addition, this study refers to Josep A. Devito's theory of communication patterns which states that there are five kinds of communication patterns: circle patterns, chain patterns, wheel patterns, and star patterns. The purpose of this study is to find out more about the communication patterns that exist between foster children in coaching in Air Joman District and their caregivers. Through this study, the findings from interviews and observations can also be examined to find out whether communication patterns have sufficient impact on the practice of memorizing the Qur'an.

Modeling and simulation of the advanced structured surfaces machined by specially patterned grinding wheels via the structuring grinding process

In this work, the ability to reshape the grinding wheels with patterns of special and modern geometries to produce the advanced structured surfaces is studied. Firstly, a mathematical model is built for the process relating the geometry of the grinding wheel, geometries of the wheel patterns, the produced structured surfaces, and the grinding operating parameters. Then, different regular and irregular geometries are designed to be patterned over the wheel surface. The regularly designed patterns include the circular, the elliptical, and the polygonal patterns, while the heart-like patterns are included as irregular ones. Afterward, a simulation method to express the patterned wheels and the corresponding structured surfaces at different working conditions is developed. The effects of the patterns’ geometries on the obtained structured surfaces at the selected working conditions are investigated. The results of the grinding operations designed and carried out experimentally reflect the dependability of the presented method for machining the advanced structured surfaces using the grinding processes.

THE BROADCASTER'S COMMUNICATION WITH LISTENERS ON THE LONDON SCHOOL COMMUNITY RADIO MOVIE TIME PROGRAMME IN KARET TENGSIN VILLAGE

The large number of radio stations in Jakarta, whether commercial or community radio has posed challenges to London School Radio as a broadcast media in communicating the information to the listeners. The competitive level in the market has driven London School Radio to set up suitable program with the segments, one of them is the communication pattern introduced by the announcer. The announcer has an important role which demands capabilities and skills to communicate with the listeners on matters according to the program and to establish sound communication and interaction which would promote the success of the broadcast. The study applied the concept of communication patterns and explains the types of such communication patterns. There are four types of communication patterns which include wheel, chain and circular communication patterns. The study method used was descriptive method using approach qualitative. Data collection was performed through interview and documentation. The result of study is presented in the form of descriptive paper. In the course of the broadcast, London School Radio announcer especially Movie Time program applies the types of wheel and circular communication patterns. By applying the wheel communication pattern, it is the announcer who communicates the information to the listeners without their feedback, while circular communication allows the announcer to interact with the listeners through social media such as instagram and twitter. There are also times when the announcer interact with the listeners via telephone.

Patterns and Volatility in State Funding for Higher Education, 1951–2006

BackgroundNumerous studies have addressed the determinants of higher education appropriations. Extending prior studies that only consider the relationship between higher education and one other state budget category, Delaney and Doyle develop and test an empirical model of the relationship between higher education and all other budget categories. Delaney and Doyle propose that higher education takes the form of a balance wheel in state budgets. They find that higher education is cut more than other budget categories in bad budget years and given larger increases in good budget years. Although previous work advances understanding of how states budget for higher education, it is limited in the length of time considered.PurposeThis study makes two important contributions to the literature. First, it documents changes in the amount of volatility in state funding for higher education. Second, it identifies patterns in the volatility, and does so over a longer time period than has been investigated in past research, using data that spans over a half century (1951–2006).Research DesignThis study uses a unique panel dataset spanning the period from 1951 to 2006 to quantitatively document changes in the extent of volatility in state funding for higher education. It also identifies and tests for patterns of volatility.FindingsWe find that the level of volatility in state budgeting for higher education has changed over time. We also find evidence of linear (incremental), quadratic (countercyclical), and cubic (balance wheel) patterns of volatility at different points in time.RecommendationsOur findings indicate that the role of higher education in state budgets is not static and has varied over time. In policy discussions about higher education funding, we think it is important to consider both absolute funding levels and the amount of volatility in funding. We recommend that higher education leaders discuss not only funding levels with their state legislatures, but also discuss volatility in funding patterns. States and higher education have operated under different funding relationships in the past; therefore, it seems possible that policymakers and higher education officials could change their current funding relationship to conform to a pattern that better serves the needs of the state, institutions, and students.

Stationary states and rotational properties of spin–orbit-coupled Bose–Einstein condensates held under a toroidal trap

We consider a pseudospin-1/2 Bose–Einstein condensate with Rashba spin–orbit coupling in a two-dimensional toroidal trap. By solving the damped Gross–Pitaevskii equations for this system, we show that the system exhibits a rich variety of stationary states, such as vehicle wheel and flower-petal stripe patterns. These stationary states are stable against perturbation with thermal energy and can survive for a long time. In the presence of rotation, our results show that the rotating systems have exotic vortex configurations. These phenomenon originates from the interplay among spin–orbit coupling, trap geometry, and rotation.

Learning effective binary descriptors for micro-expression recognition transferred by macro-information

In this paper, we propose three effective binary face descriptor learning methods, namely dual-cross patterns from three orthogonal planes (DCP-TOP), hot wheel patterns (HWP) and HWP-TOP for macro/micro-expression representation. We use feature selection to make the binary descriptors compact. Because of the limited labeled micro-expression samples, we leverage abundant labeled macro-expression and speech samples to train a more accurate classifier. Coupled metric learning algorithm is employed to model the shared features between micro-expression samples and macro-information. Smooth SVM (SSVM) is selected as a classifier to evaluate the performance of micro-expression recognition. Extensive experimental results show that our proposed methods yield the state-of-the-art classification accuracies on the CASMEII database.

Photoperiodic modulation of voluntary ethanol intake in C57BL/6 mice

Seasonal and geographic variations in light exposure influence human mood and behavior, including alcohol consumption. Similarly, manipulation of the environmental lighting regimen modulates voluntary ethanol intake in experimental animals. Nevertheless, previous studies in rats and hamsters have been somewhat inconsistent, and little is known concerning such effects in mice. In the present study, we maintained male C57Bl/6 mice in running-wheel cages under either short- or long-photoperiod light–dark cycles (LD 6:18 vs. LD 18:6); subsequently, the same animals were maintained under short or long “skeleton photoperiods”, consisting of two daily 15-min light pulses signaling dusk and dawn (SP 6:18 vs. SP 18:6). Running wheels were locked mechanically for half the animals under each photoperiod. Analysis of running wheel patterns showed that mice displayed stable circadian adaptation to both standard LD cycles and skeleton photoperiods. Mice consumed more ethanol and less water, and thus showed higher ethanol preference, under LD 6:18 and SP 6:18 relative to the corresponding long-photoperiod regimens. While running-wheel access increased water intake, ethanol intake was unaffected by this manipulation. These effects are consistent with previous studies showing that short photoperiods or constant darkness increases ethanol intake in rodents. Further, the similarity of the effects of complete and skeleton photoperiods suggests that these effects are mediated by photoperiod-induced alterations in the circadian entrainment pattern, rather than by light exposure per se.

Resonance assignments of a membrane protein in phospholipid bilayers by combining multiple strategies of oriented sample solid-state NMR

Oriented sample solid-state NMR spectroscopy can be used to determine the three-dimensional structures of membrane proteins in magnetically or mechanically aligned lipid bilayers. The bottleneck for applying this technique to larger and more challenging proteins is making resonance assignments, which is conventionally accomplished through the preparation of multiple selectively isotopically labeled samples and performing an analysis of residues in regular secondary structure based on Polarity Index Slant Angle (PISA) Wheels and Dipolar Waves. Here we report the complete resonance assignment of the full-length mercury transporter, MerF, an 81-residue protein, which is challenging because of overlapping PISA Wheel patterns from its two trans-membrane helices, by using a combination of solid-state NMR techniques that improve the spectral resolution and provide correlations between residues and resonances. These techniques include experiments that take advantage of the improved resolution of the MSHOT4-Pi4/Pi pulse sequence; the transfer of resonance assignments through frequency alignment of heteronuclear dipolar couplings, or through dipolar coupling correlated isotropic chemical shift analysis; (15)N/(15)N dilute spin exchange experiments; and the use of the proton-evolved local field experiment with isotropic shift analysis to assign the irregular terminal and loop regions of the protein, which is the major "blind spot" of the PISA Wheel/Dipolar Wave method.

Homogeneous circular polarizers using a bilayered chiral metamaterial

We propose a homogeneous circular polarizer based on a bilayered chiral metamaterial with two enantiomeric wheel patterns. The transmitted field of an arbitrarily polarized incident wave through this bilayered structure is nearly circularly polarized with a circular polarization extinction ratio of more than 30 dB at resonance. We show that the origin of this phenomenon is the excitation of spinning electric dipoles in the wheel patterns, which blocks the transmission of one-handed circularly polarized component but exert little influence on the other. We also demonstrate that the operation bandwidth can be enhanced by stacking functional layers in the propagation direction.

Reinventing the Wheel

A rational approach to the mechanical design of wheel rims as a typical periodic structure is presented in the current work. With novel application of the latest bidirectional evolutionary structural optimization method, a procedure is presented for the optimal topological design of wheel rims. Design applications are studied with realistic loads on a general vehicle in various scenarios, where the results not only demonstrate originalities of wheel patterns, but also provide insights into existing wheel designs. The simplicity and generic nature imply the general applicability of the proposed approach to a wide range of wheel designs.

Characterisation of anisotropic etching in KOH using network etch rate function model: influence of an applied potential in terms of microscopic properties

Using the network etch rate function model, the anisotropic etch rate of p-type single crystal silicon was characterised in terms of microscopic properties including step velocity, step and terrace roughening. The anisotropic etch rate data needed have been obtained using a combination of 2 wagon wheel patterns on different substrate and 1 offset trench pattern. Using this procedure the influence of an applied potential has been investigated in terms of microscopic properties. Model parameter trends show a good correlation with chemical/electrochemical reaction mechanism and mono- and dihydride terminated steps reactivity difference. Results also indicate a minimum in (111) terrace roughening which results in a peak in anisotropic ratio at the non-OCP applied potential of −1250 mV vs OCP.

Assessing the effects of time and spatial averaging in 15N chemical shift/15N-1H dipolar correlation solid state NMR experiments.

The effect of time and spatial averaging on (15)N chemical shift/(1)H-(15)N dipolar correlation spectra, i.e., PISEMA spectra, of alpha-helical membrane peptides and proteins is investigated. Three types of motion are considered: (a) Librational motion of the peptide planes in the alpha-helix; (b) rotation of the helix about its long axis; and (c) wobble of the helix about a nominal tilt angle. A 2ns molecular dynamics simulation of helix D of bacteriorhodopsin is used to determine the effect of librational motion on the spectral parameters. For the time averaging, the rotation and wobble of this same helix are modelled by assuming either Gaussian motion about the respective angles or a uniform distribution of a given width. For the spatial averaging, regions of possible (15)N chemical shift/(1)H-(15)N dipolar splittings are computed for a distribution of rotations and/or tilt angles of the helix. The computed spectra show that under certain motional modes the (15)N chemical shift/(1)H-(15)N dipolar pairs for each of the residues do not form patterns which mimic helical wheel patterns. As a result, the unambiguous identification of helix tilt and helix rotation without any resonance assignments or on the basis of a single assignment may be difficult.

CRYPTANALYSIS OF HAGELIN MACHINE PIN WHEELS

A ciphertext-only attack on the pin wheel patterns of the Hagelin CD-57 Cryptographer is described. The method is also applicable to some earlier Hagelin machines of the pin wheel and lug variety, for example the M-209. The only prior knowledge required is the setting of the lugs and the plain text frequency for the language of the message. The method is extended to finding the lug and pin settings of the M-209 using a longer message.

Influence of wheel structural parameters on machining accuracy of ultra-precision plane honing

A new idea for designing wheel patterns is presented so as to solve the problems about machining accuracy ofworkpiece and wear of honing wheel in ultra-precision plane honing. The influence factors on motion principle and pat-tern structures are analyzed and optimization machining parameters are obtained. By calculating effective cutting lengthon the surface of workpiece cut by wheel's abrasive and the orbit of one point on the surface of workpiece contactingwith wheel, the wear coefficient of different kinds of wheels and accuracy coefficient of workpiece machined by corre-sponding wheels are obtained. Furthermore, the simulation results show that the optimal pattern structure of wheel turnsout to have lower wheel wear and higher machining accuracy.

Development of Prototyping and Die/Mold Manufacturing Technology using Rapid Prototyping(SLA)

Rapid prototyping is a new prototyping technology which produces three dimensional part models directrly from CAD data and has been extensively applied to various manufacturing processes. There are many types of rapid prototyping systems due to their building principles and materials. In this work, Stereolithography Appaaratus(SLA) which is the most widely-used rapid prototyping system is introduced to achieve die/mold technology innovation. For the purpose, the prototyping technology using SLA is developed such that patterns of which shapes are quite complicated are successfully produced with high accuracy. Using these patterns, prototype die/molds are efficientrly manufactured; a turbocharger rotor, a fan and a wheel patterns, prototype die/molds are efficienterly manufactured ; a turbochager rotor, a fan and a wheel pattern are made, and the molds of the investment casting, the injection molding and the die casting are manufactured respectively. The casting products are produced using these molds and it turns out that these methods are quitre effective for manufacturing products of complicated geometry from the viewpoint of efficiency and productivity.